The main experience is that Gao Li is talented, calm and quiet since childhood, and loves reading. He was born in a scholarly family, and his parents were also people who admired books and had close contacts with celebrities and scholars at that time. His family is a rich local family with money. Although Gao Li was born in a wealthy family, his life is rigorous and his behavior is sincere and respectable. At the age of twenty, his mother Wang was ill in bed, and later died because of various doctors' treatment of miscellaneous diseases. Gao Li regretted that he didn't know medicine and lost his biological mother, so he decided to study medicine. At that time, Zhang Zaixiao was a famous doctor in this area. Gao Li was eager to seek medical treatment. He left his hometown for more than 400 miles to donate his daughter to worship him as a teacher. With his solid and profound literary foundation, after several years of hard study, Gaoli "learned as much as possible and made more explanations". His reputation surpassed that of teachers and he became a great doctor. When a patient comes to see a doctor, he always feels the pulse first, distinguishes the pulse condition, then makes a diagnosis, tells the patient what disease he has, then draws lessons from the medical classics, analyzes and compares them, and proves that his diagnosis is completely consistent with the exposition of the medical classics, until he convinces the patient, he picks up the prescription. After years of clinical practice, Gaoli's medical skills have become more and more exquisite, and he can diagnose and treat various diseases. At that time, people thought he was a great doctor.
Although he was not the pioneer of Yi-ology, under the influence of his teacher Zhang, he had many original opinions and rich writings, which had a great influence on the history of Yi-ology. His works include: Differentiation of Internal and External Injuries, Spleen and Stomach, Shi Lan's Secret Collection, Medical Invention, Dongyuan's Prescription, Living Yao Yao, etc. There are Treatise on Febrile Diseases, Infant Health Care Collection, Treatise on Febrile Diseases, Dongyuan Heart Medicine, Wan Yu Fang, Medical Argument, Taking Pearl Capsule, Five Meridians Living Method, Treatise on Ulcers, Medicine Convenient Confucianism, and Medicinal Fu. Some of them are dead, while others are still alive.
The only medical book written by Gao Li is On Differentiation and Confusion of Internal and External Injuries, which was written by him before his death. Everything else was revised by the master. Still based on relevant information.
Academic content Li believes that the spleen and stomach are the source of life and the motive force of human life activities, and emphasizes the important role of the spleen and stomach in human life activities. He said: "The qi of husband, the qi of valley, the qi of glory, the qi of purity, the qi of health and the qi of yang are all caused by food entering the stomach. The synonym for stomach qi is actually-also. " That is to say, although the vitality comes from nature, it depends on the continuous supplement of the qi in the valley after Tianshui to maintain the inexhaustible vitality and life. So as to further understand the relationship between qi of spleen and stomach and primordial qi, and think that stomach qi is synonymous with primordial qi, but it is actually the same. The source of human qi is nothing more than two ends, either from innate parents or from the valley of the afterlife. After life, the source of innate qi has been terminated, and its only source lies in the acquired spleen and stomach. It can be seen that the qi of the spleen and stomach is full and the metaplasia is active, then the vitality is supplemented and filled; Spleen and stomach are weak, and vitality is not nourished, so it will decline. Based on the above viewpoint, Gao Li's diagnosis of internal injury deficiency syndrome starts from the spleen and stomach, and emphasizes the treatment centered on the spleen and soil.
Li believes that the spleen and stomach are the hinge of human qi. The transmission of essence depends on the rise of temper, and the discharge of dampness depends on the decline of stomach qi. In this way, Li's understanding of the ascending and descending function of the spleen and stomach expanded from simple digestive function to essence and qi metabolism function. The transport and fluctuation of human essence depends on the fluctuation of spleen and stomach. The ascending and descending function of the spleen and stomach is very important to the human body. Therefore, if the spleen and stomach rise and fall abnormally, there will be many kinds of diseases, such as "if it is discharged for a long time, it will not be born; if it is used in autumn and winter, it will be born; if it is used for a long time, it will be sick." Here, Li summed up the internal injuries into two kinds of lesions, one is that the lifting is too late and the settlement is too high; The other is that it does not decline for a long time, and the fundamental reason lies in the abnormal rise and fall of the spleen and stomach. In this way, the abnormal rise and fall of the spleen and stomach has become one of the main pathogenesis of internal injuries. Colliers also attaches great importance to growth and rise. Because people's health, vitality and life are strong, it is mainly the reason why healthy qi is sufficient. To protect healthy qi, we must pay attention to the rising function of spleen and stomach qi. Li believes that as long as the vitality is sufficient, all diseases will not be born, and the deficiency is mostly caused by weakness of the spleen and stomach.
The core of clinical application of Li Dongyuan's theory of spleen and stomach is: "Internal injury of spleen and stomach leads to all diseases." This is similar to the saying in Neijing that "the stomach qi leads to life, and the stomach qi leads to death", which emphasizes the role of stomach qi. At the same time, he also systematically divided internal diseases into two categories: exogenous diseases and internal injuries, which has a strong guiding significance for clinical diagnosis and treatment. For internal injuries, he believes that internal injuries in the spleen and stomach are the most common for three reasons: First, improper diet; Second, overwork; The third is the spirit. In addition, the spleen and stomach belong to the soil and are closely related to the other four viscera. No matter which viscera is affected by evil or strain, it will hurt the spleen and stomach. At the same time, diseases of various organs can also be reconciled, nourished and coordinated through the spleen and stomach. However, he absolutely does not advocate the use of warming and tonifying drugs, but advocates the use of different treatment methods such as sweating, vomiting and purgation for real diseases according to the four-season law. He also attached great importance to the principle of syndrome differentiation and treatment, emphasizing that deficiency can make up for deficiency and diarrhea can make his theory more perfect, which coincides with Zhang's method of seeking compensation in attack and seeking compensation in attack.
Li attaches importance to the spleen and stomach, discusses the etiology and pathogenesis of spleen and stomach injury, and emphasizes that spleen and stomach qi deficiency, qi deficiency, yin deficiency and excessive fire are the pathogenesis of various internal injuries. Therefore, in the treatment, Li will strengthen the spleen and stomach, activate yang and purge yin, and regulate the disorder of ascending and descending as a treatment. Buzhong Yiqi decoction is one of the famous prescriptions he founded, and it is also the representative of his prescriptions. The whole prescription consists of ginseng, astragalus root, atractylodes macrocephala, dried tangerine peel, Cimicifuga rhizome, Bupleurum root, Chinese angelica root and roasted licorice root. Drug abuse has three characteristics. First, ginseng, Astragalus membranaceus and Atractylodes macrocephala supplement the qi of the spleen and stomach, help the lungs to solidify the fur; Secondly, Cimicifuga rhizome and Bupleurum root are used to induce the rise of clear qi and promote the power of rising temper; Third, the use of roasted licorice can not only tonify the middle energizer, but also purge the heat, preventing the yin fire from flourishing and damaging the healthy qi. Among them, supplementing qi and rising yang is the main method, and purging fire is the auxiliary method, which is suitable for those who are deficient in qi and clear yang. If the image of yin fire is more obvious, Gao Li added: "If you add less phellodendron bark to store kidney water, you can purge yin fire. If you are still annoyed, add less rehmannia root and kidney water, and the water will be filled with heart failure. "
Colliers sometimes don't give up or even apply the method of purging fire from bitter cold or relieving exterior syndrome. However, its application is very cautious, and it is considered that it cannot be used for a long time because it is too cold to consume yang. Too much bitter cold is more likely to hurt the stomach, leading to spleen and stomach deficiency. Moreover, unless the yin fire is strong, it should not be used. The purpose of choosing purging fire method is to remove the blazing yin fire with purging fire products, to prevent excess heat from damaging vitality, and to play a role in protecting and caring for vitality. Choosing fire-purging products can reduce turbid yin, which is also conducive to the rise of qi in the spleen and stomach. Of course, when choosing, we should appropriately add the products of benefiting qi and middle energizer to supplement healthy qi. Gaoli's prescription is based on three aspects: invigorating qi, rising yang and purging fire, but the specific choice focuses on different clinical manifestations. Its purpose is to protect and restore vitality and make it full, which embodies his guiding ideology: spleen and stomach are the foundation of vitality and vitality is the foundation of health.
The characters evaluated Gao Li's physiology, pathology, diagnosis and treatment of spleen and stomach, and formed a systematic theory of individual independence, so it was called "the school of tonifying the soil" by later generations. Because his theory comes from practice and has important clinical significance, many people later said it. Besides his disciples Wang and Tianyi Luo, there are many scholars in private schools after the Ming Dynasty, such as Xue Lizhai, Li Zhongzi and Ye. Each has its own views and development. This fully embodies the historical position of Gao Li's academic thought.
Later generations influenced the Summary of the General Contents of Sikuquanshu, saying: "The doctor's portal is divided into Jin and Yuan". Hejian School and Yishui School are the two most influential schools in the medical history of China. Gaoli is the mainstay of Yishui School. He studied medicine in Zhang, but his influence on later generations is very important. Although Zhu Danxi was a disciple of Hejian School, his theory was also inspired by the theory of high mechanics in some aspects. After the Ming dynasty, Xue Lizhai, Li Zhongzi, Ye and other physicians all admired and studied the theory, and developed it on this basis, forming their own family. In addition, Gong Tingxian, Gong Zhongzhong and Zhang Zhicong were also deeply influenced by Colliers theory. Although the successor of Li's theory is clear, it still has epoch-making milestone significance in the history of medicine. As a great doctor, he will go down in history forever.