He first entered the Cultural University to study Chinese. 1924, he entered the North Military Academy (northeast Wujiangtang) to study artillery. When he was a military school student, he took part in the Nankou Battle between the Northern Warlords in China, and soon made great contributions in conquering Tianjin. After graduation, he was appointed as an artillery captain. His military talent is extraordinary, and he became an artillery lieutenant colonel at the age of 22. 1925, when he was 20 years old, he joined the China * * * production party. At that time, the party was only a small party with less than 1000 people. However, due to the influence of Lv Yunheng, this is obviously his inevitable choice. Subsequently, he gave up his military status in the warlord army and took part in the first civil revolution and the Northern Expedition. 1927, Chiang Kai-shek suppressed the * * * production party and issued a wanted order against it. He was forced to go underground. Jiang hated his underground secret activities, and offered many rewards for his arrest. He moved to Hankou to continue his work, and was soon arrested in Wuchang and sentenced to death. However, in Wuchang, more than 10,000 China students demonstrated against Chiang Kai-shek's white terror policy and demanded the release of Mu Jong and other political prisoners. In addition, among the judges of Wuchang Court, there are other reasons such as his comrades-in-arms, which enabled him to flee to Shanghai, where the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China is located.
In Shanghai, he resumed the political work of the * * * production party. 1929 As one of the organizers, he took part in the workers' riots in Shanghai. Although he is a foreigner, he was elected commander-in-chief because of his strong military ability. After the uprising was suppressed, he was arrested by the British army and sentenced to two months in prison on June 10 of the same year (this symbolic punishment is quite intriguing). After his release, he went to Hong Kong. Then he returned to the mainland to participate in the second domestic revolution (agrarian revolution). First of all, he is under the command of General Peng. Because the Red Army captured some "Seventh Five-Year Plan" field guns and mountain guns after conquering Yuezhou, Hunan Province, Mu Jong had its position. According to Peng's autobiography, "after the occupation of Yuezhou, British, American and Japanese warships were still as rampant as Huangshi Port, bombarding the city shore. We hid the gun (only Mu Jong and I, a Korean comrade, knew how to use it). When the enemy ship approached, we returned dozens of shots, about a dozen of which hit the warship. Since then, they have been afraid to land and shoot. " This is Mu Jong's earliest combat experience in China Red Army. Although the record is short, it is obviously brilliant. On July 3 1 and 1930, the Red Third Army Corps established the Army Mountain Artillery Company in Pingjiang, Hunan. The old artillery recalled that Mu Jong returned to China at the end of this year and studied artillery technology from the Soviet Union (this is not confirmed by more historical data). He first worked as an artillery coach and later became the third company commander of the company. 193 1 In May, the artillery regiment of the Central Military Commission of the Red Army was established in Beitou, Jiangxi. Due to the dereliction of duty of the first group leader, Mu Jong became the second group leader in June this year. During the Red Army period, Mu Jong, who had made great achievements in military affairs, was promoted rapidly and finally entered the military commission of the Communist Party of China (CPC). For a foreigner with no political background, this is indeed an exceptional promotion.
From 1930 to 65438+February to 1934, Chiang Kai-shek attacked the Red Army five times. Finally, most of the Soviet area of China * * * production party was occupied by Chiang Kai-shek.
In order to seek safety, China Production Party decided to transfer its base area from Ruijin, Jiangxi. This is the famous 25,000-mile Long March, which started from19341kloc-0/0/4 and arrived in Yan 'an in February 1936 12. Mu Jong, as the commander of the artillery unit directly under the Central Military Commission, is a typical fire fighting unit. No matter in attack or patrol, he has widely served as the task of fire support. Memoirs of Luo Yuanfa, written by an old Red Army, once mentioned the nature of his work: "165438+1In late October, the Central Military Commission decided to cross the Xiangjiang River between Xin 'an and Quanzhou with four columns and break through the enemy's fourth blockade. This is the most intense Xiangjiang campaign since the beginning of the Long March. The fifth division of our army, under the command of Peng, marched at a speed of more than 65,438,000 Li a day, working day and night, and seized the Xiangjiang ferry. ..... The colonel told us that the artillery battalion led by Comrade Mu Jong of the Military Commission will complete this task with you, and he will provide you with fire support. "Mu Jong soon became the commander of the third field echelon of the Military Commission column, commanding technical arms including the artillery battalion, the engineering barracks, the first transport brigade and the affiliated hospital, and later became the artillery battalion commander of the Red Sanjuntuan. Mu Jong's important role in the Long March can also be found in The Long March: An Unprecedented Story: "According to Peng's account in prison, people were increasingly worried about the conflict between the two Red Army teams at that time. ..... He was worried about losing contact with the First Legion. According to him, the first legion was trapped near the Russian border because there was no guide. Because the password has been changed, he can't contact. He made up a new password and gave it to reliable North Korean party member Mu Jong, and gave him a compass to contact Lin Biao and Nie. Nie remembers that the First Corps did not know what had happened at that time, and the only telegram received was sent to stand by. " Obviously, it is deeply trusted by Peng.
The Long March was a hungry and arduous March. It fought against Chiang Kai-shek's army for more than 500 times without a day's rest. Tellingly, at the beginning of the Long March, there were more than 30 Korean revolutionaries in the Red Army, but in northern Shaanxi, only Mu Jong and Yang Lin were left, and Yang Lin was also killed in the battle soon after, so Mu Jong became the only survivor. Mu Jong once said to a confidant, "After the Long March, we crossed the Yellow River in February 1936. At that time, Yang Lin and I were the only two North Korean officers. Yang was chosen as the assault captain of the troops crossing the river, which was a fatal task. The commandos crossed the river and set up a beachhead position, but Yang was hit by a bullet, and the medical conditions at that time could not save his life. He endured all day and died in painful torture. "
Ironically, Yang Lin's heroic sacrifice saved Mu Jong's life. Mu Jong recalled: "After the sacrifice, Peng said at the party committee meeting:' Too many foreign revolutionaries have sacrificed for the revolutionary cause in China. If they continue to die in China, who is left to fight for the revolutionary cause of their motherland? We can't do anything for those dead comrades, but we should not waste the lives of foreign comrades. "At Peng's appeal, the Central Military Commission ordered me to rest and let me study." At this time, he was suffering from the deterioration of gastrointestinal diseases, and Peng saved his life, so they became lifelong friends and comrades.
In the remaining days of 1936, Mu Jong studied strategy and Party work in the Red Army University. Then, while studying at the Red Army University, he took classes at the Military Academy. After graduating from the Red Army University, he was appointed as the Minister of Operations of the Eighth Route Army General Command. At the end of 1937, after accepting the reorganization task of the eighth route army artillery, he established the eighth route army artillery and served as the director of the artillery department of the eighth route army headquarters. 1938 became the artillery head of the eighth route army headquarters at the beginning of the year. In the Red Army, Mu Jong is well known as the highest authority of artillery. Mu Jong's health was damaged by fatigue again, and the headquarters ordered him to rest again. After recovering from his illness, he took on a new task, focusing on the Korean youth who came to Yan 'an against Japan, and began to build Korean volunteers. That is, with more than a dozen Korean revolutionaries remaining during the Agrarian Revolution as the backbone, all Korean youths who came to Yan 'an, those who graduated from anti-Japanese military and political universities, and those who moved to the northeast to Yan 'an after studying military in Moscow, were gathered together for thorough training. 1939 went to southeast Shanxi, where the headquarters in front of the Eighth Route Army was located, to participate in the Eighth Route Army's Anti-Japanese War. The Koreans' own revolutionary forces are growing day by day. 194 1 year 1 month 10, the China Korean Youth Federation, the predecessor of the Korean Independence League, was finally established, with Mu Jong as its chairman. In June, 1996, some members of the Korean Volunteer Army originally belonging to Chongqing Department went to the anti-Japanese base behind enemy lines in North China, and Mu Jong incorporated them into the North China detachment of the Korean Volunteer Army to fight against the Eighth Route Army. In August, a training course for Korean volunteers was held in Tongyu, Shanxi, where the headquarters of the Eighth Route Army is located. Mu Jong, as the principal, specially trained military cadres to engage in the armed struggle against Japan. Then, the Korean youth cadre school and the Korean armed propaganda team were established in the anti-Japanese base area in southeastern Shanxi. At the Anti-Fascist Conference of Oriental Nationalities held on October 26th, 65438/KLOC-0, Mu Jong's portrait was listed alongside Mao Zedong as one of the foreign anti-Japanese leaders.
International historians generally believe that Mu Jong had left the Eighth Route Army at this time, but China's records show otherwise. In the information about the development of Nanniwan during the Yan 'an mass production period, it was recorded as follows: "194 1 1 At the end of February, Mu Jong, head of the artillery regiment directly under the Central Military Commission, led two battalions into Nanniwan. It took about half a year to open a 6-meter-wide road from the hazel bush. In the future, grain, non-staple food and industrial products in Nanniwan will be transported to the anti-Japanese front through this road. Mu Jong led two battalions to overcome unimaginable difficulties, such as lack of food and housing, and planted crops on wasteland in March and April. Shortly thereafter, Wang Zhen led the 359th Brigade into Nanniwan, rapidly expanding the reclamation team. Later, many troops, border governments, the Central Military Commission and other units also stationed in Nanniwan, forming a land reclamation boom. "
Thus, although Mu Jong has been regarded as the leader of the anti-Japanese forces in North China, his position in the Party's * * * Production Party and the Eighth Route Army has not changed, and he is still an ordinary general of party member and the Eighth Route Army. The reason why China * * * put Mu Jong in charge of the formation of the Korean Volunteers can be explained as: as a demonstration of a broad international anti-Japanese United front, it ensured that more Koreans were transferred from the Kuomintang government, and it was only for this purpose that Korean soldiers were promoted in the Japanese army. Sima Lu, an expert on North Korea, said that Zhou Enlai is very concerned about the future of China-DPRK relations. Facts have proved that Mu Jong's legendary image has wide appeal. Eighty-nine percent of the members of the Volunteers to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea under the control of the Kuomintang were transferred from Luoyang and Chongqing to Taihang Mountain. Incorporated into the North China detachment, he went to Hebei, Shandong, Henan, Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei, Taihang Mountain and other areas to carry out guerrilla warfare behind enemy lines and the struggle to disintegrate the Japanese army, and participated in the construction of grass-roots political power in the anti-Japanese base areas. The prestige of the North Korean Youth Federation in Mu Jong and China is getting higher and higher, and Kim Young-bang, the famous leader of the Korean independence movement, also went to Taihang Mountain from Chongqing. Lv Yunzhu, who is far away from home, also sent his liaison officer Jin Mingshi (Mu Jong's lover) from Seoul to Yan 'an to meet with Mu Jong to discuss the issue of joint founding.
In fact, Mu Jong's name even spread to the Kremlin. 194 1 in July, Stalin sent a plane to Yan' an to pick up Mu Jong and go to the Soviet Union. On the surface, he praised Mu Jong's extraordinary artillery technology and hoped that he would guide the Soviet artillery (this excuse is really stupid). However, considering the "Southern Anhui Incident" half a year ago, I was worried that Jiang would stop his trip or make trouble. To be on the safe side, he didn't let Wu go to the Soviet Union. Although the incident of Stalin sending planes did not happen, it undoubtedly greatly enhanced Mu Jong's reputation at home and abroad.
In July 1942, 1 1, the North Korean Independence Alliance and the Korean Volunteers were established in China. As the executive member of the Central Committee of the League and the commander of the Volunteers, Mu Jong played a key role in it, especially in the formation of the Volunteers. He resigned as the head of the artillery regiment and concentrated on training and commanding this still weak team, believing that he would lead them to recover the motherland one day. At that time, few Koreans saw the hope of North Korea's independence from the volunteers. They thought that North Korea would be occupied for many years. However, Mu Jong is optimistic. He firmly believed that North Korea's independence was just around the corner, so he tried his best to run his troops from 1937. It is worth mentioning that Mu Jong hoped that after independence, North Korea would be a country where all patriotic parties were in power together, which was obviously influenced by the idea of establishing a Coalition government by the weak China * * * production party at that time. However, his idea was resolutely opposed by leftists such as Xie Qianjiku, a North Korean producer in Yan 'an. As the political leadership of the Independent Alliance is mainly in the hands of the left (Mu Jong is only in charge of military affairs), the Alliance failed to reach an understanding on Mu Jong's views, which is really regrettable. 1in August, 944, the fall of Japanese imperialism was obvious. Mu Jong foresaw that the Soviet Union would try to control Korea. At this time, he lamented that Yang Lin died on the bank of the Yellow River. Yang Lin is fluent in Russian, strong-willed and resourceful. He believes that Yang Lin can handle the relationship with the Soviet Union well. Previously, at his suggestion, all the members of the Korean Revolutionary Military and Political School set out from Taihang Mountain at the end of 1, marched for 2,000 miles, crossed three Japanese blockade lines, and arrived in Yan 'an on April 7. But this is really just the beginning. Korean revolutionaries in North China gradually concentrated in Yan 'an and entered military and political schools to prepare for the recovery of the motherland. 1945 On a cold day in February, an old steam locomotive carried 70 passengers to Pyongyang Railway Station. Among these tourists, there are Mu Jong, Xie Qianqiu, Han Bin and other Korean independent alliance cadres from Yan 'an. There is no passionate music, no flying flags, and no warm crowd to welcome these returning revolutionaries. Only a few receptionists came up to shake hands with them. Without saying hello, they were hurriedly put on the van waiting at the station and soon disappeared into the dark night. The Soviets did not welcome them and once prevented them from entering North Korea until they promised the Soviet Union that they would "not carry weapons" and return to China "in their personal capacity"-not as an army or a political party. To make matters worse, their main force had to stay in China and get involved in the civil war in China.
It was in August 1945, 1 1, that Commander-in-Chief Zhu De of the Eighth Route Army signed an order, and Mu Jong and Park Xiao-san and Park Il Woo Park led the North Korean Volunteers to quickly go north to cooperate with the Soviet Red Army to recover North Korea. However, three days later, Japan announced its surrender, which made this army lose the honor of liberating the motherland. Two days after Japan announced its surrender, Mu Jong returned to Yan 'an from Taihang Mountain (the main base of the Korean Volunteers) with more than 65,438+000 soldiers, and set out to prepare for his return journey. Mu Jong and other cadres have made some preparations for returning to China, but due to the rush of time, there is basically no detailed plan for returning to China. They just stipulate where to gather, and then go through customs and return to North Korea. Everyone is very excited and nervous. After all, many of them are returning to China for the first time, while the older ones have been abroad for more than 20 years.
The vanguard of 300 troops set out from Yan 'an on September 5th 1945, followed by women and children. After arriving in the northeast, it increased to more than 3,000 people, all from various base areas behind enemy lines. They only have two wagons full of goods. Mu Jong and Jin Dufeng and several others have mounts, but most of them can only use their legs in this Long March. After more than 60 days of trekking, the team arrived in Shenyang. At this time, it is already1early October 1945 165438+. Cadres live in barracks, while others are scattered to residents' homes to rest. 165438+1On October 7th, volunteers held a general meeting of Korean volunteers in a Korean school. Mu Jong told the meeting members that only a few cadres were allowed to return to China, and the rest were organized into seven detachments (actually four were established) according to the instructions of China Dongbeiju, while continuing to participate in the China Revolution and waiting for the opportunity to return to China. The first detachment was soon established in Nanman, with commanders Jin Xiong, Fang Hushan and Cui Ren. The third detachment was established in Beiman, with commanders Li Xiangchao and Zhu Dehai (191-1972); The fifth detachment was established in Yanbian, and the commander was Li (sound) and Park Sung (sound); Park; The seventh detachment was established in Jilin, with commanders Park Hengri and Cui Ming. Later, most of these people returned to North Korea in their personal capacity or on a small scale.
Returned cadres arrived in Anton, a border city between China and North Korea, on120/065438. However, they are not allowed to enter North Korea. Mu Jong went to North Korea to apply for an entry permit from the Soviet Union, and was told that they must enter North Korea unarmed in their personal capacity. Obviously, Mu Jong has no choice. 10 days later, they crossed the Yalu River and arrived in Sinuiju. The Soviet Union arranged a train for them and sent them to Pyongyang. As mentioned in the previous scene, they were transported by truck to the Pacific Hotel for temporary settlement. At this time, the leaders of North Korea's independent alliance are in an awkward position: they know nothing about the political atmosphere in Pyongyang, have no plans for the future, and most importantly, they have no army. In their own country, they are like a group of passers-by and have to wait for the arrangement of the Soviet Union. Some people have been assigned jobs one after another and left the hotel; But most people still stay in hotels, waiting for their unknown fate. One day, Kim Il Sung and a Soviet colonel came to the hotel to talk with Xie Qian Guiku and others. Kim Il Sung told them that American troops occupied South Korea and did not intend to leave. He also talked about how to arrange them. In June 1946 1, the last returnee was finally assigned a post and left the hotel. Mu Jong is a hero of the Korean people, but in the eyes of the Soviets, he is a nuisance. The Soviet Union was cold to Mu Jong and his volunteers, mainly because they were not familiar with him, but he enjoyed a high reputation. The Soviets are more keen on the leadership position of North Korea being held by literati rather than soldiers. Even if they have to choose a soldier, they would rather choose Kim Il Sung who is familiar with him. Before Mu Jong returned to China, 1945, 1945128 October, Mu Jong was elected as the second leader-the vice chairman of the Executive Council (the first leader was Cao Xizhi, a member of the Kuomintang), and Mu Jong held this position until1April 946. In this month's election, he was excluded from the leadership, and Mu Jong was sent as the artillery provost of the People's Security Cadre School. 1948 served as the principal of the Second People's Security Cadre School. (Note: The People's Security Cadre School is not only a school for training Korean military cadres, but also the Korean People's Army Command, which was not made public at that time. Therefore, Mu Jong's position as provost is actually the artillery commander of the People's Army. )
Mu Jong is very short of skills in political struggle, or to be precise, he is not good at fighting for power and interests. Because of his integrity, when he was still in Yan 'an, he had many conflicts with other leaders of the independent alliance because he insisted on his own opinions, so that he disagreed with most cadres of the independent alliance and many people hated him very much. In the end, in order to avoid infighting, * * * had to put him in charge of the volunteers and hand over the political leadership of the independent alliance to the kinder Jin Jifeng. When he was the second leader, he was widely accused of putting cadres from China in a more important position, while excluding Kim Il Sung's domestic and guerrilla cadres. When the Democratic People's Republic of Korea was founded, Mu Jong was even more depressed, because both Prime Minister Kim Il Sung and Deputy Prime Minister Pu Yiong had their own political groups. At a meeting of cadres on 1946, Mu Jong's pent-up anger finally broke out. He tore open his skirt and showed his gunshot wound to the shocked audience: "Look at these scars. This is the price I paid for North Korea. Why do you only praise another person now (referring to Kim Il Sung)? " Obviously, this kind of emotional venting is extremely harmful to his political career. 1948 In February, the Korean People's Army was established, and Mu Jong officially served as the commander-in-chief of the artillery, with the rank of Lieutenant General. On September 9 of the same year, the Democratic People's Republic of Korea was founded, and Mu Jong was appointed as the Deputy Minister of National Defense (equivalent to the Deputy Minister of National Defense), and still served as the artillery commander of the People's Army. After the Korean War broke out, on July 65438+ 10, 950, Mu Jong succeeded Gwang-Hyop Kim as the head of the Second Army Corps. Pyongyang hoped that this member of the Red Army Tiger could save the situation. Mu Jong has repeatedly repelled the Eighth Army of the United States, which is based in Xiaobaishan, and pushed forward by means of local encirclement, circuitous route and cutting off retreat. Around the end of July, he went to Jin Quan-Shangzhou-Liquan-Anton-Yingde to prepare for Luodong River. When the US and South Korean troops formed the Busan defense circle, Marshal Kim Il Sung saw that American reinforcements were about to arrive in Busan, so he went to the front headquarters at the waterfront fort south of Chungju and issued the following battle order: "Busan must be captured before August 15, the fifth anniversary of Korea's liberation. Don't give the enemy a chance to breathe and cross Luodongjiang to occupy Busan. "
After nearly a month's contest with the Americans, Mu Jong knew that the strength gap between the People's Army and the US Army was too big, and he was very dissatisfied with the "August offensive". However, Kim Il Sung was opinionated (in fact, it also meant a last-ditch attempt), and appointed Mu Jong as the commander of the People's Army's Eastern Front, commanding six divisions to undertake the main tasks of the August offensive, starting from the north side of Jin Quan and advancing towards Britain and Germany, and planning to occupy Daegu, Yongchuan and Pohang. The specific plan is:
15 Division: Crossing the river near Shanshan and attacking Daegu via Heshan.
13 Division: Cross the river near Luodongli, and attack Daegu via Dofu Cave.
1 division: quickly occupy the military power and cooperate with 13 division to attack Daegu on the left.
8th Division: Quickly crush the enemy of Yicheng, advance to Yongchuan, and then prepare to attack Gyeongju or Daegu.
12 division: insert Taibai Mountain, advance rapidly to Pohang, and then prepare to attack Busan via Yanli or Gyeongju.
5th Division: After quickly capturing Yingde, we will go to Pohang, and then prepare to attack Busan with 12 Division.
In addition, Mu Jong specially ordered the 766th Guerrilla Regiment to set out from Weizhen, destroy the Ankang Bridge (a bridge erected on the Xiongshan River in the east of Ankang) and sweep the road.
The fighting lasted from August 5, 65438 to August 24, 950. Although the People's Army liberated Britain, Germany and Wei Jun, and once occupied Japanese museums, its shells have fallen into Daegu. 12 division was the most successful, and more than 3 Korean divisions 10000 people were surrounded by Pohang. But because the sea can't be blocked, they can only watch the Koreans swaggering away from the sea. Although some victories have been achieved, the logistics work has been seriously hindered by the mountain fighting and allied air strikes. The People's Army troops on the eastern front have not been supplied with a grain of rice since1August, 950 12, and have not collected supplies in overlapping mountainous areas, so they have no operational ability since 15- 16. Sometimes we even have to fight a reluctant battle to get ammunition. Mu Jong's 766th Guerrilla Regiment, which had high hopes, failed to carry out the task of destroying the tunnel and cutting off the road behind the allied forces as ordered, because "the head of the 766th Regiment thought that' decentralized infiltration' could not maintain its combat effectiveness, so it could not break through the warning network of South Korea. Therefore, we must make a sudden advance like a regular army, "he said. As a result, this guerrilla group suffered heavy losses due to its routine operations in Ankang Corridor. Angry Mu Jong dissolved the group and merged it into 12 Division. Under the superior firepower of the United Nations Army (which the People's Army called "barbaric and destructive tactics") and the constant counterattack of the troops, the People's Army with insufficient stamina had to retreat to the right bank of Luodong River.
The August offensive won first and then lost, and the People's Army was unwilling to move forward and prepared for the September offensive. Objectively speaking, the war situation has been reversed, and the strength of the North Korean army has reached the limit that it is not suitable for launching an attack. You can't expect to win unless you rely on luck. It's a gamble. This time, Mu Jong and his men still served as the main attack. His plan was:
The 3rd attack group (1 division, 3rd division,13rd division, 105 main armored division)
Break through the defense lines of US 1 cavalry division and South Korea 1 division and occupy Daegu.
4th attack group (8th division,15th division,17th armored brigade)
Break through the defense lines of the 6 th and 8 th divisions of South Korea, occupy Heyang and Yongchuan, and then make a dash for Daegu or Gyeongju.
Attack Group 5 (5th Division and 12 Division)
Break through the defense lines of the Korean Capital Division and the 3rd Division, occupy Pohang Cave and Yenli Airport, and prepare to March into Busan from Gyeongju Corridor.
On the night of September 2nd, the Mu Jong command post began a large-scale night attack, and the battle started very smoothly, especially the 12 division, which successively defeated the Korean Capital Division and the 5th Division, tearing a gap of about 12km on the Eastern Allied Line. On September 5th, 1950, the US 1 cavalry division and the 3rd South Korean Division were also defeated and Pohang Cave was occupied. On the 8th, Yongchuan was also occupied; Both the Eighth Army Command and the South Korean Army Command retreated from Daegu to Busan. However, due to the failure of the People's Army in the western front, all the pressure suddenly concentrated on the eastern front, and Mu Jong began to lose support. Just as he tried to resist the counterattack from all directions, the United Nations troops landed in Incheon on September 1950, and the disaster of the Southern People's Army came.
The People's Army had to retreat. Mu Jong, who knew guerrilla warfare well, cut off all radio contact after receiving the order of retreat, and arranged the evacuation route of each division. As a result, not only the American, but even Lianping did not know where he was going. Therefore, his headquarters in Anton, South Korea, returned to Jinhua, north of the 38th parallel, via Yuanzhou, without much setback. Except for 13 division, several of his divisions returned to the north smoothly, retaining the backbone. However, this necessary action angered Pyongyang, because they lost news of him for a long time, and Soviet advisers publicly criticized this "individualism" tendency. Then, he was ordered to defend Pyongyang, but he only had two reserve divisions with less than 10 thousand people. Mu Jong didn't want to panic or be captured. After the government retreated from the north, he only made a slight resistance and led the troops to retreat. From the later results, his choice was correct, because the allies were going to cut off his rear road with airborne regiments, and only the last regiment suffered losses because of its timely withdrawal. However, abandoning the capital easily will undoubtedly deal a serious blow to his reputation, coupled with other trivial matters, such as his appointment of officials without going through normal administrative examination and approval procedures. Finally, he was transferred to the head of the seventh army of a reserve force. For a soldier, this means falling out of favor. 1950 65438+February 2 1-23 was punished for "serious mistakes in the war" at the third plenary session of the second Central Committee of the Workers' Party of Korea. With Mu Jong's personality, he is bound to feel aggrieved, perhaps because of the double setbacks in politics and on the battlefield, which led to his tragic ending. When the seventh army was stationed in Manchuria. One day, Mu Jong came to the clinic with an injured officer who was a subordinate of Mu Jong during the Eighth Route Army. Mu Jong asked the busy doctor to take care of his friend at once. The hapless doctor solemnly told Mu Jong that there were many wounded people and his friends had to wait in line. This "arrogant" attitude angered Mu Jong. He took out his pistol and killed the doctor immediately. The crime was so serious that he was immediately relieved of his command and later expelled from the army. Soon after, he suffered from severe gastric ulcer, which was an old disease during the Long March. Peng, who commanded the China Volunteers in North Korea, immediately sent him to the best hospital in Northeast China, a Romanian hospital in Changchun, but there was nothing he could do. Mu Jong's last wish was to die in his motherland-North Korea, so he was taken back to North Korea in June 1952+00, and died in an ordinary military hospital soon after. After his death, the North Korean government held a grand funeral for him.