Clinical nursing care of pulmonary fibrosis
1. Create a warm ward environment for patients: the light is suitable, the room temperature is 22 ~ 24℃, the humidity is 50 ~ 60%, the window is ventilated every morning 15 ~ 30 minutes, and ultraviolet rays are irradiated for half an hour, so that patients can breathe fresh air, and indoor wet cleaning can avoid dust.
2. Eat less and more meals, eat more nutritious foods, improve your resistance and immunity, take medicine 2 hours after meals, so as not to cause abdominal distension and aggravate breathing difficulties, and do not eat fatty foods, such as fat meat and ice cream. If possible, it is recommended to eat less and eat more meals.
3. Long-term oxygen inhalers should choose nasal catheter oxygen inhalation method, stop oxygen for 5 ~ 10 minutes every 12 hours, and wet nostrils and lips with cotton swabs to avoid nasal mucosa dryness. The nasal catheter should be replaced once a week. Domestic oxygen inhalers should bring their own small oxygen cylinders, and take a comfortable sitting position or a semi-sitting position to avoid aggravating breathing difficulties with exertion and abdominal pressure.
4. Those who need to stay in bed for a long time should keep the bed clean and dry, change sheets and clothes frequently, combine rest with rest, get out of bed moderately, do what they can, step by step, turn over regularly with the help of their families, exercise passively to prevent bumping, and do muscle massage and joint activities every 20 ~ 30 minutes to prevent constipation and bedsore. Observe closely to prevent muscle atrophy.
5. Ensuring adequate sleep for 7-8 hours will help to restore physical strength and improve resistance.
6. In daily life, drink water properly every day, keep the respiratory mucosa moist, and quit smoking and drinking. Pay attention to keep warm to prevent colds.
7. Do a good job in health education, prevent all kinds of infections, and pay attention to food hygiene.
8. Carefully observe the changes of the disease, especially the infusion drip rate, with 40 ~ 60 drops per minute as appropriate, so as to avoid pulmonary edema aggravating dyspnea. Do a good job in psychological care of patients during hospitalization. Pulmonary fibrosis has a long course and is difficult to heal. Tell patients to prepare for long-term treatment, insist on taking drugs, avoid using drugs harmful to the lungs, help patients build confidence and courage to overcome diseases, maintain emotional stability, and avoid all unfavorable factors.
Daily self-care of patients with pulmonary fibrosis
1 first of all, you must have confidence and perseverance.
Patients with pulmonary fibrosis should be clear that they are not suffering from an "incurable disease" and there is no need to be pessimistic and depressed. Even after using some Chinese and western medicines, the condition is still getting worse, and there is no need to be afraid, let alone lose confidence and give up treatment. But it should also be clear that pulmonary fibrosis is a "refractory disease" after all, and it will not be easily won. Therefore, every patient should have firm confidence and tenacious perseverance, fully mobilize their own disease-resistant potential to fight against it, and be a strong person who conquers pulmonary fibrosis and finally recovers.
2, must adhere to the long-term correct and reasonable treatment.
Pulmonary fibrosis is still a difficult medical treatment problem, so far there is no medicine and method that can be easily cured in a short time. Only under the guidance of experts with rich clinical experience and high sense of responsibility, adhere to long-term treatment and use drugs correctly and rationally can we achieve the best curative effect and even rehabilitation. Don't "haste makes waste", the combination of traditional Chinese and western medicine is the best way to treat pulmonary fibrosis at this stage.
Step 3 take care of yourself every day
As the saying goes, chronic diseases are treated in three ways and raised in seven ways, which shows the importance of daily conditioning. Patients with pulmonary fibrosis should first maintain an open-minded and cheerful mental state to avoid mental tension and emotional fluctuations; Work and housework should be done according to one's ability, not overworked, pay attention to cold and warmth, prevent colds, infections and other diseases, diet should be light, tepid, chew slowly, eat less and eat more meals, avoid alcohol and tobacco; Proper chest massage to restore functional exercise. Strive for the support and care of relatives and friends and units, all of which belong to the scope of self-care.
Life adaptation of patients with pulmonary fibrosis
1. Make sure you have enough rest time.
2, pay attention to keep warm, avoid colds and prevent various infections. Pay attention to climate change, especially in winter and spring, when the temperature changes drastically, and increase or decrease clothes in time to avoid aggravating the illness after catching a cold.
3. Have a comfortable living environment. The room should be quiet, and the air should be fresh, moist and circulated. Avoid strong irritating factors such as smoke, perfume and air freshener, and avoid inhaling air that is too cold, too dry and too wet.
4. Stay away from exogenous allergens, such as birds, animals (pets or experimental breeders), wood (sequoia dust, cork processing), sucrose processing, mushroom farming, cheese, wine processing, moldy straw exposure, water sources (hot water pipes, air conditioners, humidifiers, saunas) and agricultural pesticides or herbicides.
The living room should be cleaned frequently, but dry cleaning should be avoided to avoid dust flying. No carpets, carpets and flowers in the room. Bedding and pillows should not be filled with allergic items such as feathers and old cotton wool, but should be aired and washed frequently.
6, self-massage: take the hand, sun, Baihui points (commonly used by hypertensive patients), gently press clockwise all year round.
7, actively carry out sports activities, strengthen physical exercise, improve disease resistance. Take a deep breath, take a walk, practice Tai Ji Chuan and Qigong.
Psychological conditioning of patients with pulmonary fibrosis
Prevent mental stimulation and nervousness, and keep a happy and optimistic mood. Only happiness can motivate you, but if you want to be happy, you must stop being angry when you encounter difficulties. "Anger" is one of the most taboo emotions of health preserving families in past dynasties. It is the leader of emotional diseases, which is extremely harmful to human health. Because anger not only hurts the liver, but also hurts the lungs, the stomach and the brain, which leads to various diseases.
How can I not be angry? First of all, learn to use conscious control, that is, when you are angry from the heart and are about to quarrel with others, you should quickly remind yourself that quarreling will only bring more trouble to both sides, and will not solve any problems, which is really not worth it. In this way, you will control your anger with the power of reason, and you will not use rude language, let alone take rude actions. In the movie "Lin Zexu", Lin Zexu posted a banner on the wall with two striking Chinese characters-"Solidifying Anger", which means to control his anger with silent written language. Secondly, we should know how to use catharsis, that is, express and vent the bad emotions accumulated and suppressed in our hearts in an appropriate way, so as to restore psychological balance as soon as possible. However, to vent bad emotions, we must learn appropriate ways and channels to vent and resolve them, and we must never take irrational and impulsive actions. Otherwise, instead of helping, it will bring new troubles and cause more serious bad emotions. Third, we can also use the transfer method, that is, through certain methods and measures, we can change people's ideological focus, or change the surrounding environment to get rid of bad stimulating factors, so as to get rid of emotional entanglements or move on to other things.
To maintain a cheerful spirit, we should not only avoid being angry, but also cultivate a cheerful personality, because an optimistic mood is closely related to a cheerful personality. Some people abroad have investigated the secret of longevity of people over 80 years old and found that 96% of them are cheerful and full of fun.
The third point to maintain a happy spirit is to coordinate the interpersonal relationships around you: if interpersonal relationships are handled well, they will cause pleasant emotional reactions, produce a sense of security, comfort and satisfaction, and naturally feel calm and comfortable; If the interpersonal relationship is tense, it will cause unpleasant emotional reactions, making people uneasy, uncomfortable, dissatisfied and depressed. To coordinate interpersonal relationships, we must first be strict with ourselves, and we should not only see our own strengths and weaknesses, but also our own shortcomings and deficiencies. The more objective your evaluation is, the stricter your requirements will be, and the easier your interpersonal relationship will be to coordinate. Secondly, we should fully understand the people we often get along with and avoid disharmony caused by mutual ignorance.
Fourth, to maintain the spirit of happiness, we should cultivate the idea of "contentment is always happy", not pursue fame and fortune excessively, enjoy the truth of "the mind is willing but unable to do so", and make ourselves feel satisfied in life and psychology.
Fifth, we should keep the spirit of happiness and make our daily life colorful. For example, Qin Shou's New Book for the Aged contains ten pleasures: reading righteousness, learning calligraphy and painting, sitting quietly, talking with friends, drinking and drinking, watering flowers and planting bamboo, listening to the piano and playing cranes, burning incense and frying tea, going into the city to see the mountains, and abandoning chess. Try one of them.
Sixth, keep cheerful and cultivate a sense of humor, because the direct function of humor is to produce a smile. Laughter is a panacea for people's health, which can promote the comfort of muscles and internal organs, regulate people's mood, promote blood circulation, stretch bones and muscles, breathe smoothly, and have peace of qi and blood.