1, the food is diverse and reasonable, which meets the requirements of a balanced diet.
2, energy supply and physical needs, diet dynamic balance, maintain a healthy weight.
3. Ensure the supply of high-quality protein, minerals and vitamins.
4. Cooking food is suitable for the elderly to chew, swallow and digest.
5, light diet, pay attention to food hygiene.
6, food intake can not meet the needs, reasonable nutritional supplements.
1 Mainly cereals, including flour and rice and coarse grains, and coarse grains should be eaten properly.
Ensure the intake of cereals and potatoes. According to the different levels of physical activity, the daily intake of cereals is 200g 250g for men and 200g for women, of which the daily intake of whole grain food or coarse grains is 50g 100g, which is matched with the thickness.
Eat fish, poultry, eggs and lean meat regularly to ensure high-quality supply in protein.
Average daily intake of fish, shrimp and poultry food 50g 100g, eggs 25g 50g, livestock meat (lean meat) 40g 50g. Ensure that high-quality protein accounts for more than 50% of the total dietary protein supply.
3 Appropriate intake of milk, soybeans and their products.
The daily intake should be 250g and 300g of fresh milk or equivalent dairy products. At the same time, you should consume 30g 50g soybeans or a considerable amount of bean products (such as soybean milk, tofu, dried tofu, etc. ) every day.
Eat enough fruits and vegetables and eat more dark vegetables.
Ensure adequate intake of fresh vegetables and fruits every day, pay attention to the diversity of choices, and eat more dark vegetables and cruciferous vegetables (such as cabbage, cabbage, mustard, etc.). ). The recommended daily intake of vegetables is 300g 400g, of which dark vegetables account for half; The recommended daily fruit intake is 100g 200g.
5 light diet, less oil and limited salt.
The diet should be light, the average daily edible oil should be controlled at 20g and 25g, and various vegetable oils should be used as much as possible. Reduce pickled foods, and the daily salt intake should not exceed 5.0g.
6 active drinking water, mainly boiled water.
Take the initiative to drink a small amount of water many times to maintain the normal needs of the body. The amount of drinking water should decrease with age. It is suggested that the daily drinking water should be 1.5L 1.7L, mainly warm water. The specific amount of drinking water should be adjusted according to individual circumstances, and the amount of drinking water should be appropriately increased when the temperature is high or the physical activity is above average.
If you drink alcohol, you should limit it.
The alcohol content of men drinking alcohol every day is no more than 25g, which is equivalent to 750mL of beer, 250mL of wine, 75g of 38-degree liquor, or 50g of high-degree liquor (above 38-degree); Women should not exceed 15g, which is equivalent to 450mL of beer, 50g of grape 150mL or 38 liquor. Elderly people with liver diseases, tumors, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases should not drink alcohol, nor should they drink alcohol during the treatment of diseases.
8. Food should be soft, less and more meals to ensure adequate food intake.
Food should be soft, cut and cooked, and hard, big, crisp and bony food should not be provided. Change the texture and properties of food through cooking and processing, and it is easy to chew and swallow. The number of meals should be two or three meals, and each meal accounts for 20% to 25% of the total energy of the whole day: breakfast, breakfast, 5% to 10%, lunch, 30% to 35%, lunch, 5% to 10%, and dinner, 25% to 30%. Ensure adequate food intake, and the total daily intake of non-liquid food is not less than 800g.
Enjoy your meal, and the food is fresh and hygienic.
Create a warm and pleasant dining environment and atmosphere, and the elderly in food aid points and nursing homes should concentrate on eating. When necessary, family members and maintenance personnel will assist or accompany them to eat. The food is fresh and hygienic.
10 Reasonable nutritional supplement to prevent malnutrition.
When the dietary intake is insufficient, rational use of nutritional supplements. For the elderly with malnutrition or nutritional risk, under the guidance of clinical nutritionists or doctors, choose the appropriate formula food (medical food) for special medical purposes.