1, the harm of productive poisons and its prevention
Control measures of productive poisons: fundamentally eliminate, control or minimize the harm of poisons to workers. Specific control measures are as follows:
Non-toxic instead of toxic, low toxicity instead of high toxicity.
Improve the design of process or equipment to reduce the emission of toxic substances.
Adopt automatic operation
Isolation and sealing operation
Adopt local ventilation device
Improve the whole ventilation system
Personal protection-the last line of defense
2, the harm of productive dust and its prevention
The classic "eight-character policy" of dust prevention is "skin, water, density, wind, protection, management, teaching and inspection" "Revolution" is technological innovation and revolution; "Water" is a wet operation; "Dense" means sealing, catching dust and vacuuming; "Wind" is to improve ventilation; "Protection" is personal protection; "Management" means strengthening management, establishing various systems and timely overhauling dust-proof equipment; "Teaching" means propaganda and education, and mobilizing workers to do dust prevention work; "Inspection" refers to inspection and identification, regular dust measurement and workers' health examination. Reform technological process, innovate production equipment, replace timely raw materials with raw materials with low timely content, and find substitutes for asbestos. Sealing of production equipment. Sealing is an effective measure to prevent dust and poison from leaking. Feeding, crushing, stirring, discharging, conveying and packaging should be as airtight as possible.
3. Harm of noise and its prevention
Engineering control noise source: control sound source, sound insulation and isolation.
Personal protection and health protection: use ear protectors.
4. The harm of high temperature and its prevention
The fundamental way to solve the hazard of high temperature operation is to realize the automation of production process, and the main measures for heatstroke prevention and cooling are heat insulation, ventilation and personal protection.
① Thermal insulation: wrap all kinds of hot furnace bodies with thermal insulation materials to reduce the surface temperature of heat source and reduce heat dissipation and radiation to the workshop.
(2) Ventilation: Natural ventilation-A large amount of air generated by an organized natural ventilation system takes away a lot of heat. Mechanical ventilation-Generally, mechanical ventilation with full feeding or full discharging is selected for high-temperature workshops.
③ Personal protection: Protective clothing, hats, shoes, gloves and glasses for high-temperature workers are mainly used for radiation protection. Because workers exposed to high temperature sweat a lot, it is of special significance to supply cool drinks in summer, so salt and water-soluble vitamins should be properly supplemented in the drinks.