1937 July 7th Incident, when the Anti-Japanese War broke out, East China and North China were occupied by Japanese invaders, and Nanjing, Anqing, Jiujiang and Wuhan successively fell. Because of political, economic and geographical reasons, many domestic industrial enterprises have moved to Sichuan, and Chongqing, as the capital, has become the first choice for foreign companies to move in.
1In the autumn of 938, the so-called "Dunkirk Retreat" (Yichang Retreat) in the history of China's Anti-Japanese War was launched between Yichang, Hubei and Chongqing. Lu Zuofu, general manager of Minsheng Company, commanded the fleet, braved Japanese artillery fire and plane bombing, and delivered wartime materials and personnel to Sichuan urgently, thus preserving the lifeline of China's national industry.
"Where do you live? I won't tell you! The work done by Yangjiawan, Qiaojiatun and Yuhua Cotton Mill. " This ballad was once very popular in marble area of Chongqing. Although it is short, it expresses several meanings by asking and answering questions. One is to point out the place names. The second is to point out the name of the factory. At the end of the sentence, it is said that the original sentence was "Yuhua Textile Factory makes a living", and the word "making a living" was changed to "works", and the feelings and feelings of women workers in textile factories suddenly emerged. What a wonderful sentence!
Yangjiawan is a small place name between Wangjiatuo and Qiaojiatuo, which belongs to Qiaojiatuo area in terms of big concept place name. After Yangjiawan, Changjie Ancient Town connected with it is a corner. Giorgio's Heart Silk Weaving Factory was established in 1902 and operated by the Japanese. There are also Qiaojiaotuo Iron Works and Fuxing Flour Mills, all of which are small-scale. Only Yuhua Cotton Mill is the largest modern factory in Chongqing marble area, with large factories, many female workers and good reputation.
Yuhua cotton mill has many old employees who moved here from Hubei during the Anti-Japanese War. Many people think that Yuhua Cotton Mill was founded by Hubei people. This statement is untrue. The boss of Yuhua Cotton Mill is from Chongqing instead of Hubei. This man is Mr. Su, a famous industrialist.
Su was born in 1886. He studied in his father's library in his early years, and then entered the business world, running between Chongqing and Hubei. 192 1 year, he and Xu Rongting, sworn brother of Li, the viceroy of Hubei Army, raised 265,438+12,000 silver to establish Daxing Company. The following year, he invested in Yuhua Company and founded "Yudahua" textile system in Wuchang. 1927, Daxing and Yuhua merged into one, and Su became the chairman.
After the July 7th Incident, Su transferred about 7000 tons of machinery and equipment to Yuhua Cotton Mill from August 65438 to1late October. More than 800 tons of parts of Lihua Coal Mine were all packed and transported to Yichang, and it is planned to charter a boat and move to Chongqing. The storage dock of Yuhua Cotton Mill cannot be transported out because of the accumulation of materials moved in. Japanese air raid, 500 pieces of cotton yarn caught fire and burned for three days. With the help of Lu Zuofu Minsheng Shipping Company, the rest of the goods arrived in Chongqing safely.
Su bought 280 mu of land in the area of Shacaopo and Ganziba in Qiaojiaotuo, south bank of Chongqing, and rebuilt a new factory-Chongqing Yuhua Yarn Factory. July 1939, 1, Yuhua Chongqing factory opened 10000 spindles, and officially resumed work. By the end of the year, * * * had produced more than 2,500 thick and thin cotton yarns, which were put on the market and sold well.
During the Anti-Japanese War, Chongqing was called the rear area, but Japanese air strikes were very frequent. On August 22nd 1940, Yuhua Factory was shot several times. On August 194 1, 1 1, Japanese planes attacked Yuhua in two batches, destroying many houses in the factory. Fortunately, the machine was slightly damaged. After struggling to repair, it took three months to restore the old appearance and the production was normal.
The indomitable Su, a shrewd industrialist with pioneering spirit, came back to his hometown like a duck to water. 1939, Guangyuan Dahua cotton mill was built on the basis of stabilizing Chongqing Yuhua cotton mill. The following year, Wynn Bank opened in Chongqing. Xi 'an Dahua Cotton Mill was built in Xi 'an. 194 1 year, Yuhua Cotton Mill was established in Chengdu. After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, he successively founded Yuhua Company (Huanian Industrial Company), Shandong Zaozhuang Zhongxing Coal Mine, Sichuan Wutongqiao Chuankang Wool Factory, Chongqing Qinghua Dyeing Factory, Minsheng Industrial Co., Ltd., An Daqin Wool Textile Factory, An Alcohol Factory and other enterprise names. He used to be the president of Hubei Chamber of Commerce, the president of Hubei Branch of China Cotton Mill Federation, the director of Qianchuan Factory Federation, the director of China National Industry Association and the supervisor of China Domestic Manufacturers Federation. 1948, unfortunately died.
The Yuhua Cotton Mill, Yufeng Cotton Mill, Shashi Cotton Mill and Shen Xin Cotton Mill, which moved to Chongqing, have changed the old and backward face of Chongqing's cotton textile industry, played an important role in Sichuan and even southwest China, and made great contributions to War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression. In this regard, Su's grand move to wipe out the rest of the villagers should be remembered by today's people and should not be forgotten!
(Su Yu Yu Hua Cotton Mill, Chongqing Business Daily 0 1, 2007)