How to pay attention to the physical and mental development and health of left-behind children

With the acceleration of urbanization in China, a large number of farmers go to cities to work, which produces a special group-left-behind children in rural areas. Left-behind children can't live with their parents because one or both parents have moved to other areas. They stay in their original places. They are typical vulnerable groups. Due to the double lack of family affection and family education, they have various problems in study and psychology. Due to the special living and educational environment of left-behind children, a series of problems such as life, education, emotion and psychology have become increasingly prominent. The education of left-behind children is a systematic project involving family, school, society and government, and it is not enough to rely on the efforts of one party alone. Students are developing people, so we teachers should pay attention to the special group of left-behind children as much as possible, teach students in accordance with their aptitude and promote their development. Nowadays, the problem of left-behind children has become a social problem that cannot be ignored. First, the education of left-behind children in rural areas. 1, the learning situation is average. Because these children live with their elderly grandparents or other relatives and friends at home, their guardians have a low level of education, so they can't guide their children's learning, and they value education over education, which leads to their learning not being effectively supervised and guided. Most left-behind children have poor learning consciousness, poor discipline, poor study habits, passive learning and poor academic performance. 2. Psychological closure and emotional world problems. Left-behind children are prone to psychological barriers due to the lack of sound emotional care and communication. Long-term separation from parents leads to left-behind children not enjoying the care of their parents in their daily lives, unable to find emotional support from their parents when encountering difficulties, and unable to guide and correct some mistakes in time in the process of study and life. Over time, some obvious psychological and behavioral problems have been formed. Such as emotional fragility, self-abandonment, anxiety and autism, lack of self-confidence, pessimism and so on. 3. Bad moral behavior. Due to the lack of effective supervision and education, left-behind children often can't distinguish between good and bad things, can't look at problems correctly, are easily influenced by negative phenomena in society, and are easy to develop some bad behaviors. For example: often lying, swearing, disobedience, taking other people's things, etc. Second, the causes of psychological problems of left-behind children in rural areas 1. The lack of family education and family care are the direct reasons for the psychological problems of left-behind children. Intergenerational supervision and intergenerational education make left-behind children have different degrees of psychological problems, which have a great negative impact on their physical and mental development. Many parents entrust their children to their elderly parents after going out to work, and the left-behind children are separated from their parents for a long time. The rural elderly who take care of their children are not only old, but also most of them have low cultural quality, so it is difficult for them to shoulder the heavy responsibility of supervision physically and intellectually. Under the influence of long-term emotional loss and psychological imbalance, left-behind children will have abnormal mentality, which is mainly manifested as: willfulness, selfishness, indifference and lack of sympathy; Rebellious psychology is heavy; Withdrawn, self-centered, poor sense of cooperation; Without self-motivation, the sense of collective honor is not strong. 2. Improper school evaluation and improper teacher education are the important reasons for the psychological problems of left-behind children. (1) School "score" evaluation leads to psychological problems of left-behind children. For a long time, in exam-oriented education, schools have used scores to evaluate the educational evaluation mechanism of teachers and students and divided students into good students and bad students. Our teacher pays more attention to those students who have good academic performance and are obedient. For those students who have poor learning foundation and often violate discipline, they are indifferent and ignore them, and most of these students are left-behind children. Although the new curriculum reform is constantly advancing, the evaluation of the school has also undergone great changes. However, it is not difficult to find out from the assessment rules formulated by schools and grass-roots education departments that no matter how many indicators are used to assess teachers, it is the students' "test scores" that finally open the scores between teachers. (2) Improper teacher education leads to psychological problems of left-behind children. ① Improper teacher education is one of the reasons why left-behind children have psychological problems. In traditional education, students' grades or disobedience are the leading factors that directly affect teachers' views on students. Teachers pay more attention to students with good grades, and often give little or no opportunities to students with poor grades. Most of the children with poor academic performance are left behind. In any case, they will not attract the attention and trust of teachers, so they will be depressed and pessimistic, and often confront teachers in a "bad" and "more disobedient" way. Their rebellion will lead to the rejection of these students by teachers, which will lead to the deterioration of the relationship between teachers and students, and some teachers will even take a sarcastic approach or mobilize to transfer. Bring greater psychological pressure to these left-behind children. (2) The backward teaching concept of teachers is an important reason for the psychological problems of left-behind children. Mainly manifested in the following situations: First, students have no autonomy in class. Think that students are whiteboards, and teachers can smear them at will. Teachers regard students as accessories of classroom teaching, and students must obey teachers unconditionally, which makes students feel inferior and afraid. Second, I believe in the old adage that "a strict teacher makes a master" and think that "a jade must be cut before it can be cut." Students can't go against the teacher's wishes in class at all, and punishment has become commonplace. Students are always walking on thin ice, and it is easy to have psychological fatigue. Third, teachers are seriously irresponsible and indifferent to students' learning because of job burnout. These children are not taken care of at home, and they are not warm at school, so they are prone to psychological problems. Fourth, the bad social environment and bad influence are the main causes of psychological problems of left-behind children. Society is a melting pot and plays an important role in people's growth. At present, the problem of left-behind children in rural areas is also very serious because of social education, which is embodied in: 1. Bad places in society have a bad influence on the growth of left-behind children. At present, some open and hidden Internet cafes in rural towns, in violation of relevant state regulations, attract a large number of students and even lure them to make money. Primary school students' self-control is not strong, and left-behind children lack parental supervision. Internet cafes have a greater negative impact on them, and they often steal money and make up lies to skip classes and surf the Internet. 2. The bad behavior of adults also has a bad influence on the growth of left-behind children. In the off-season, there are too many "idle people", which makes gambling popular. People who have nothing to do gamble at the poker table all day, and many guardians of left-behind children are also involved. They live at the card table all day and seldom ask about their children. This "subtle influence" has a great negative impact on children. Although the above analysis is not very comprehensive, it should attract the attention of society, families and schools. Children themselves are a vulnerable group, and they just adapt to the surrounding environment unconditionally. I hope we can create a harmonious social living environment while improving the social and economic environment! The following is my educational process and achievements for a left-behind child. In our class, most students are left-behind children. Among them, the biggest ideological fluctuation is Lin Xiaozhen. Lin Xiaozhen, male, 10 years old, a third-grade primary school student. His parents work in Shanghai and have no time to take care of their children's studies, so he is taken care of by his grandparents. Grandparents loved him in every way, obeyed him, and never said a word of no to his demands. Xiaozhen is smart and lively, but her behavior habits are poor, her personal hygiene is poor, and she is particularly active after class. He can't restrain his words and deeds, or provoke others or make small moves; Stubborn personality, easy to get angry, bad relationship with classmates, most students are unwilling to play with him; Lack of good class consciousness, from a small speech to activities organized by the school, all seem to have no enthusiasm, always want to escape, and have a weak sense of participation; There are laziness in learning, fear of hard work, fear of thinking, fear of speaking, fear of doing homework; I don't like living in school very much. I just want to play at home as I please. Grandpa dotes on him very much. He will help him if he does his homework a little longer. Leaving the children behind after school made his grandfather feel distressed and hungry. Due to grandpa's doting, Xiaozhen's classmates are heavily dependent on their thoughts and are not focused in class. When they do their homework, they can't find notebooks and pens for a long time, and often leave their homework at home. Seeing teachers is like mice seeing cats. They are timid. I am particularly anxious to see the child develop like this. Although I have just been in this class for two months, the teacher's conscience drives me not to sit idly by. One weekend, I went to visit my family. I learned from his grandparents that Xiaozhen's parents left him to work in big cities to make money for a living. His childhood life lacked the companionship and care of his parents, which made him feel very inferior and lacked self-confidence. At home, in order to make Xiao Qiang less bullied, grandma seldom lets him play with children of the same age, making him a self-centered little emperor who lacks communication experience. At school, Xiaozhen was often rejected by his classmates and criticized by his teachers because of his bad behavior habits, which aggravated his explosive power and bad temper. After listening to the introduction of his grandparents, I basically understood the reasons for the formation of Xiaozhen's personality. So I had a sincere exchange with his grandfather and suggested that they educate Xiaozhen in another way. The two old people were very moved and said in person that they would do what I wanted. At home, I let my grandparents look after and educate Xiaozhen like this. (1) Encourage Xiaozhen to go out of the house and play with the children-cultivate the spirit of cooperation in playing; (2) Guide Xiaozhen to communicate with children correctly-cultivate communication skills within the group; (3) Try to let him do his own thing-cultivate independent consciousness; (4) Be as strict with Xiao Qiang as a son-let him establish a correct view of right and wrong. At school, I took the following measures: (1) Exchange "love" for trust. Give him more attention and encouragement at ordinary times, just like treating his own children. Take care of him in life, get him something to eat without eating, and dry his clothes when they are wet; Give more guidance in learning, sometimes in pairs, and sometimes let him do homework with my children directly. I insist on checking and patiently correcting mistakes. In this way, after a semester, Xiao Qiang's grades have been improved to a certain extent, and his self-confidence has gradually come up. He also wants to talk to me. (2) Establish a growth record bag. Write down his moral conduct, behavior habits, hobbies, intellectual character, learning attitude and harmony with the trustee, and arrange some activities in a targeted manner, such as encouraging him to be a group leader, reading early to lead everyone to read aloud, pairing up with other students, visiting relatives and friends, etc ... to eliminate his psychological obstacles and enhance his self-confidence and self-control in these activities. I chat with him every weekend to affirm his progress this week, and then ask him to call his parents on my mobile phone and say hello to them. And write a letter to report his happy things this week, cultivate family ties, and let him learn to be considerate and understand his parents as soon as possible. (3) Encourage him to grow in reading. "Books are the ladder of human progress", "Books are the spiritual food of human beings" and "Reading makes people wise" ... Since Xiao Qiang likes to stay at home, why not let books enrich his life? So I gave him some books first, and when I saw that he liked them very much, I asked him to repeat the best part for me after reading each one. If you get three stars a week, take him to the bookstore and let him choose a book he likes. The teacher will give him money as a gift. His reading notes written after a semester were specially printed and posted on the blackboard at the back of the classroom. Slowly, his personality is not as active as before, and his academic performance has been greatly improved. At the end of the term, he was rated as a progressive student. This is one of the left-behind children I successfully educated. Under my careful education, he has completely changed. In fact, as teachers, we should give them more love and help so that more left-behind children can grow up healthily. In a word, the healthy development of a child's body, mind, personality and thoughts is inseparable from the education of parents. As teachers, we should not stand idly by. The education of left-behind children has become a hot topic in current society. Let's join hands and pay attention to left-behind children from now on.