Panorama of wind power industry chain
Wind power industry is a renewable new energy industry, and vigorously developing wind power industry is of great significance for adjusting energy structure, promoting energy production and consumption revolution and promoting ecological civilization construction. China has listed the wind power industry as one of the national strategic emerging industries. Under the dual role of industrial policy guidance and market demand drive, the national wind power industry has achieved rapid development and become one of the few industries in China that can participate in international competition and gain a leading edge.
Policy planning: introduce multi-level policies to accelerate industrial development.
-National policies plan industrial development goals.
2016+1/The 13th Five-Year Plan for Wind Power Development formulated by the National Energy Administration points out that by the end of 2020, the cumulative grid-connected installed capacity of wind power will reach more than 2 1 100 million kilowatts, of which the offshore grid-connected installed capacity will reach more than 5 million kilowatts, and the annual power generation of wind power will reach about 420 billion kWh.
-Planning industrial development goals at the local level
From the local level, the first echelon is six provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities with accumulated grid-connected wind power capacity exceeding 6.5438+million kilowatts, including Inner Mongolia, Hebei Province, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (including Corps), Gansu Province, Yunnan Province and Shandong Province, accounting for 654.38+09.35%; Among them, Inner Mongolia ranks first in the country with the plan of cumulative grid-connected capacity of 27 million kilowatts of wind power. The second echelon is the provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities with a planned cumulative grid-connected capacity of more than 5 million kilowatts but less than100000 kilowatts, with 13 provinces and municipalities represented by Shanxi Province and Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region accounting for 4 1.94%. The third echelon is 12 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities with planned cumulative grid-connected wind power capacity of less than 5 million, represented by Anhui Province and Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, accounting for 38.7 1%.
Development status: The cumulative installed capacity of wind power is 223 million kilowatts.
-In the first three quarters of 2020, the cumulative installed capacity was 223 million kilowatts.
In 20 19, the installed capacity of wind power in China reached 2 1 005kW, accounting for 32.29% of the total installed capacity of wind power in the world, which was about1percentage point higher than the previous year. In the first three quarters of 2020, the growth rate of wind power installed capacity accelerated and the growth rate of offshore wind power installed capacity slowed down in the third quarter. By the first three quarters of 2020, the national installed capacity will be 223 million kilowatts, up by12.9% year-on-year; Among them, the cumulative installed capacity of onshore wind power is 2160,000 kilowatts, and the cumulative installed capacity of offshore wind power is 7.5 million kilowatts.
-A new installation boom will be ushered in at the end of 2020.
According to the data of GWEC, in 20 19, China added 25.74 million kilowatts of grid-connected installed capacity, accounting for 42.62% of the global total. In the first three quarters of 2020, China added wind power13.92 million kilowatts, including onshore wind power12.34 million kilowatts and offshore wind power1580,000 kilowatts. From the distribution of new installed capacity, the central, eastern and southern regions account for about 49%, and the "Three North" regions account for 5 1%.
-Year-on-year growth of wind power generation in the first three quarters of 2020 13.8%.
From 2008 to 2020, wind power generation in China will increase year by year. In 20 19, the national wind power generation increased to 405.7 billion kwh, a year-on-year increase of10.85%; In the first half of 2020, the national wind power generation was 3.3/kloc-0.70 billion kwh, up by/kloc-0.3% year-on-year.
—— The number of newly established enterprises in 2020 is 8.84 times that of 20 13.
According to the data of Chicha Cat, since 2000, the number of newly established enterprises (in service) related to wind power in China has shown an obvious upward trend in recent years. In 20 13 years, only 32 1 companies were newly established, and by 2020, the number of newly established companies reached 2,837, an increase of 8.84 times compared with 20 13 years. However, in recent years, the number of newly established enterprises with registered capital above100000 has been increasing year by year. In 20 13 years, there are only 6 1 new enterprises with a registered capital of more than100000, and in 2020, there will be 60 1 new enterprises, which will be 13. Therefore, on the whole, the wind power industry in China has developed in full swing in recent years.
Competition pattern: Goldwind technology leads.
-Market structure: The proportion of installed capacity of offshore wind power is increasing year by year.
In recent years, due to the increasingly mature onshore wind power construction technology in China, the national wind power development policy has gradually tilted towards offshore power generation; In addition, offshore wind power resources are broader. On the east coast of China, there are about 750 million kilowatts of wind energy resources that can be developed, which not only has great potential, but also has good market conditions for development and utilization.
According to the statistics of National Energy Administration, the market share of offshore wind power in China has steadily increased since 20 13. In 20 13, the cumulative installed capacity of offshore wind power is 450,000 kilowatts, accounting for only 0.58% of the total, and it will increase to 7.5 million kilowatts in the first three quarters of 2020, accounting for 3.36% of the total. It is expected that the market share of offshore wind power will further increase in the future.
-Regional level: The number of newly established enterprises in Jiangsu ranks first in the country.
According to the survey data of enterprises, by the end of June 2020, 165438+ Jiangsu had 644 newly established enterprises, followed by Shandong (540), Shaanxi (332), Guangdong (277) and Zhejiang (133).
According to the survey data of enterprises, by the end of June 2020, newly established wind power-related enterprises in Jiangsu accounted for 24.73%, Shandong for 20.74% and Shaanxi for 12.79%. It is worth noting that the proportion of newly established wind power-related enterprises in CR5 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities reached 74%.
-Industrial chain level: the industry concentration is relatively high.
Upstream of industrial chain: blades
Blade is a very important part of wind turbine, which determines the wind energy conversion efficiency of wind turbine. Before 2005, blades were completely imported. Since 2005, a large number of domestic companies have entered the blade track.
At present, China's fan blade market enterprises can be divided into three categories, one is professional blade production enterprises, the other is complete machine manufacturing enterprises, and the third is foreign-funded blade production enterprises. The main blade manufacturers in China are Sinoma Technology, Zhongfu Lianzhong and Times New Materials.
Midstream of Industrial Chain: Wind Turbine Manufacturers
The middle reaches of the wind power industry are mainly manufacturers of wind turbines and wind towers. The wind turbine is a generator set, and the wind tower is the tower pole of wind power generation. Listed companies include Goldwind Technology (Wind Turbine), Yangming Intelligent (Wind Turbine), Tianshun Wind Energy (Wind Tower) and Taisheng Wind Energy (Wind Tower).
According to CWEA data, by the end of 20 19, there were nearly 70 wind power production enterprises in China, with an accumulated installed capacity of 236 million kilowatts. Among them, the cumulative installed capacity of Goldwind Technology exceeds 57 million kilowatts; Followed by Yuan Jing Energy (2,654.38+0.25 million kilowatts), Yangming Intelligent (20.77 million kilowatts), United Power (6,543.8+0.99 million kilowatts) and Sinovel Wind Power (6,543.8+0.65 million kilowatts), the cumulative installed capacity of the top five manufacturing enterprises accounted for 57.5%.
In terms of market share, by the end of 20 19, Goldwind's market share was 24.3%; Followed by Yuan Jing Energy (9%), Yangming Intelligent (8.8%), United Power (8.4%) and Sinovel Wind Power (7%), the cumulative installed capacity of the top five manufacturing enterprises accounted for 57.5%.
According to CWEA data, in 20 19, China Wind Power Group Company added 17 installed manufacturers, with an additional installed capacity of 26.785 million kilowatts. Among them, the newly installed capacity of Goldwind Technology reached 80 1.4 million kilowatts, followed by Yuan Jing Energy (5 1.38 million kilowatts), Yangming Intelligent (36 1. 1.00 million kilowatts) and Dayun Co., Ltd. (1.
In terms of market share, in 20 19, Goldwind's market share reached 30%; Followed by Yuan Jing Energy (19.2%), Yangming Intelligent (13.5%), Dayun (6%) and Dongfang Electric (4.9%), the total installed capacity of the top five manufacturing enterprises was 73.4%.
Downstream of industrial chain: wind power operators
At present, dozens of large enterprises in China have participated in the construction of ten million kilowatts wind power base and the development of other wind farms, and many small and medium-sized enterprises have also invested in the construction of small and medium-sized wind farms. At present, there are four main types of wind power developers in China: central power group, energy enterprises affiliated to the central government, power or energy enterprises affiliated to provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions, foreign capital, private enterprises and foreign-funded enterprises.
Among them, Central Power Group accounts for about 65% of the national wind power installed capacity; The market share of energy enterprises affiliated to the central government in China's accumulated wind power installed capacity and new installed capacity is about 15%. There are a large number of electric power or energy enterprises in various provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions, which have certain local resources and have made remarkable achievements in the development of wind farms in various places. It accounts for about 65,438+05% of the cumulative installed capacity and new installed capacity of wind power in China. Hong Kong-funded, private and foreign-funded enterprises account for about 5% of the market; Compared with the first three types of development enterprises, the wind farm projects of the last type of enterprises are less and the scale is not large. Generally speaking, the central enterprises and provincial enterprises in the wind power industry are large in scale and have strong pioneering ability.
In recent years, among the newly installed capacity, the proportion of the five major groups has shown a downward trend as a whole, and the participation of other state-owned enterprises and private enterprises has increased. In recent years, the return on investment of new energy power generation in China is attractive, and the participation of local state-owned enterprises and private enterprises in the operation process is getting higher and higher, with stronger investment vitality and greater development potential.
Prospect forecast: During the Tenth Five-Year Plan period, the average annual installed capacity will be more than 50 million kilowatts.
On June 10 and 14, 2020, representatives from more than 400 wind energy enterprises around the world adopted the Beijing Declaration on Wind Energy, pointing out that we should actively promote the healthy and rapid development of global wind power, formulate a scientific and clear development plan for wind power in China in the next five years and in the medium and long term, and incorporate it into the basic strategy of building a carbon-neutral country in the future. Considering the resource potential, technological progress trend, grid-connected consumption conditions and other practical feasibility, in order to achieve the goal of carbon neutrality, in the Tenth Five-Year Plan, it is necessary to set up a development space for wind power that is compatible with the national strategy of carbon neutrality: to ensure the annual installed capacity of more than 50 million kilowatts. After 2025, the annual installed capacity of wind power in China should be no less than 60 million kilowatts, at least 800 million kilowatts in 2030 and at least 3 billion kilowatts in 2060.