In people's minds, depression means depression and feeling depressed. They are happy to lie in bed, have no interest in daily life, and are unhappy all day.
Carla, associate professor of psychology at the University of Illinois, USA? According to Dr. Karla ivankovich, although patients with depression will have the above symptoms, they will show different degrees, some are lighter, some are heavier, and some attack others.
He said,? Early research found that millennials are at high risk of depression, unwilling to go to work and often absent from work. Their mental disorders have their own psychological problems and environmental factors. ?
The World Health Organization believes that depression is essentially a psychological epidemic of mental health. According to the survey, more than 350 million people worldwide suffer from depression. It not only affects the ability of self-care, but also has other risks, such as alcoholism, eating disorder, panic or anxiety.
However, how to find depression? What kinds of depression are there?
First of all, the most common symptoms of depression are not just depression and depression. There are also the following nine manifestations: depression, loss of hobbies (such as running and swimming), and doing something shameful and conspicuous. However, these symptoms were not taken seriously and they did not go to the hospital in time.
(1) Life lost hope and felt helpless;
2 lose interest in everything, although some hobbies bring happiness to themselves;
③ Feeling tired and listless;
(4) sudden weight gain or sudden weight loss;
5 lethargy or insomnia;
6. Feel guilty, feel guilty,;
⑦ It is difficult to concentrate and remember;
8 Want to die or commit suicide; Sometimes I feel unwell (such as headache and muscle pain), and the hospital examination found no problems;
Pet-name ruby escape society, don't want to work, don't make friends.
If any of the above symptoms appear for more than two weeks, you should see a doctor immediately.
Classification of depression
The symptoms of depression are different. DSM-5 classifies depression into the following three categories: major depression, persistent depression and bipolar disorder. Mental health doctors usually diagnose patients' condition according to this manual.
Major depressive episodes (single and recurrent episodes)
For severe depression, five of the above symptoms must appear within two weeks. Ivankovic said? At least there will be depression, lack of interest in things and depression. Besides, the ability of self-care has decreased? .
Although postpartum depression is not listed as a physical disease in DSM-V technology, it is listed as a mental disease by psychiatrists.
Schizophrenia affective disorder
It is an emotional disorder to lose one's temper for no reason many times. Ivankovic said, although? Is the degree or duration of violence different? . For example, some simple things make him (her) furious, such as breaking a glass, or a remark made by a friend carelessly. Ivankovic said? It is worth noting that such events will happen more than three times a week on average in a year. ?
Persistent depression (mental depression)
Ivankovic said,? Sustained. Here are the key words. This kind of depression is mostly depression, but it lasts for a long time, at least two years.
Premenstrual anxiety disorder (PMDD)
Most women know that periodic discomfort before menstruation can lead to changes in mood and behavior (that is, PMS? Premenstrual syndrome? ), but premenstrual anxiety disorder (PMDD) is a more serious symptom. Ivankovich said that its appearance is related to many factors of emotion (such as impatience, tension and anxiety).
Depression caused by substance abuse
Depression caused by substance abuse and certain drugs, such as taking corticosteroids and interferon.
Depression caused by disease
Some diseases, such as chronic pain and cancer, can induce depression. Ivankovic said? Although normal activities were disturbed, no mental disorder was found in the physical examination. Therefore, there is no correlation between medical diagnosis and depression. ?
atypical-depression
Sometimes the symptoms are not in DSM. For example, a person has symptoms similar to major depression, but only three symptoms appear within two weeks, not five. Ivankovich said that although the symptoms do not meet the conditions in the catalogue, doctors should check them in detail.
DSM Out-of-Directory Suppression
If depression affects the quality of life, but it does not completely conform to any type in DSM, doctors can still confirm whether they have depression according to the symptoms.
Bipolar disorder 1 and bipolar disorder 2
Bipolar disorder is characterized by alternating depression and mania. Depression is an important symptom. Ivankovic said? From dryness and mild dryness to depression. ? Madness usually lasts seven days, and depression lasts two weeks.
The difference between bipolar disorder 1 and bipolar disorder 2 is that bipolar disorder 2 does not have manic episodes, but? Mild dryness. ? Patients with bipolar disorder 1 manic episode must be sent to hospital for treatment.
The condition of patients with depression is sometimes hidden and should be paid attention to. Ivankovic said? It is generally believed that the best way is to try to stop his or her suicide. Mental illness is also a disease, and it is devastating. Treatment is urgent. ?