In-depth article: How does cell nutrition make people healthy?

All complex life phenomena of human body are the embodiment of cell behavior, and their morphological functions are different from their environment. There are muscle cells with contraction function, nerve cells with stimulation and impulse conduction function, closely arranged epithelial cells and so on. Although the functions and shapes of cells are different, they still have similarities in structure. Under the optical microscope, the cell structure can be divided into three parts: cell membrane, cytoplasm and nucleus.

1 cell membrane

Cell membrane usually refers to the surface membrane of cells, also known as the outer membrane of cells. Its function: it can maintain the shape of cells, resist harmful substances from outside, prevent the loss of some substances in cells, and also transport substances and transmit information.

2 cytoplasm

Cytoplasm, also known as cytoplasm, is transparent and gelatinous under living conditions and consists of matrix, organelles and inclusions. Organelle is a small organ with a certain morphological structure and performs special functions in cytoplasm. For example, mitochondria can provide energy; Golgi complex participates in protein processing; Protein of rough endoplasmic reticulum synthesis; Smooth endoplasmic reticulum has specific detoxification and calcium storage functions; Lysosomes are the digestive organs in cells; Centrosomes participate in mitosis.

Three nuclei

The nucleus is the regulatory center of various life activities of cells. Include nuclear membrane, nucleoli and chromatin. Chromatin is a kind of genetic material, which is easily stained by alkaline dyes in the nucleus. Each chromatin fiber consists of a DNA molecule and a corresponding protein. Each nucleus of human cells contains 46 chromatin fibers (only 23 mature germ cells), and the nucleus is equivalent to a DNA molecule. But mature red blood cells have no nuclei.