However, in psychiatry, diet care is a very important work, which is not only related to the rehabilitation of patients, but also a part of safety care in psychiatry.
Dietary risk of mental patients
When many mental patients are admitted to the hospital, their families will tell them that they have not eaten for several days, or that they are overeating and hungry ... These abnormal phenomena are all due to the domination of mental symptoms.
Mental patients are mainly mental symptoms, and there are many kinds of diets:
1. Refusing to eat is a common phenomenon in psychiatry.
Paranoia patients usually think that food is poisonous, and some people want to poison him, so they refuse to eat;
People with delusions usually think that they are sinful, inferior and unworthy of good food, so they refuse to eat or only eat other people's leftovers.
Other patients deliberately refused to eat to achieve their goals because of depression, passive suicide, denial of illness and uneasiness in hospitalization;
Stout patients can't eat because of psychomotor inhibition. ...
2. Overeating is also a feature of mental patients.
Some patients will have symptoms such as hunger, food grabbing, overeating or swallowing foreign bodies because of mental symptoms or organic disorders.
3. The side effects of psychotropic drugs will also cause many dietary risks.
Hunger often leads to patients' uncontrolled diet, thus damaging gastrointestinal function.
Dysphagia caused by side effects of drugs will also bring hidden dangers to patients' food safety. Many patients and their families don't know the relevant knowledge, which makes patients eat some lumpy or hard-to-swallow food by mistake, leading to choking and suffocation.
Dietary care of mental patients
1, psychiatric department is generally in the form of collective dining, unified management, which is conducive to mobilizing patients' eating emotions, helping nurses to observe patients' eating conditions, preventing patients from eating backwards and hiding food, preventing patients from being injured or self-injured by tableware, and reminding patients to chew slowly when eating, and beware of choking and suffocation.
2. Patients with severe reaction to drugs and slow swallowing should be given soft food. Don't worry when eating, give enough time, take a sip when necessary, and have someone to take care of it. Do a good job in health education to prevent accidents!
3. For patients who grab food and overeat, arrange separate meals, persuade them to slow down their eating speed and limit their food intake to prevent accidents such as acute gastric dilatation.
4. Patients who refuse to eat should be treated according to the situation.
First of all, patients with negative thoughts should be persuaded if they are not at ease in hospital, but they can be given nasal feeding according to the doctor's advice to help them eat.
Secondly, for patients with paranoia, we should try our best to gain their trust, such as letting patients choose their own meal, or telling them that it is eaten by others, or exchanging food with others, so as to dispel doubts and promote eating.
Finally, for patients who are numb, meals can be placed beside the bed, and sometimes patients will eat by themselves.
Do a good job in health education of diet health care
Most mental patients and their families lack disease knowledge. While giving patients good treatment, we should strengthen health education in life nursing. Inform them in detail of the side effects of psychotropic drugs and their countermeasures, and warn them not to deal with them blindly.
Don't overeat in your diet, and don't drink or eat sex food for a long time, so as to avoid low curative effect and repeated illness. Chew slowly during eating, avoid choking and suffocation, strengthen the guarantee and control of the types and quantities of patients' diets, and eat regularly. ...
Conclusion: Mental illness is mainly treated with drugs. If the patient's diet is poor, he can't tolerate the effects of drugs, which makes the treatment difficult to maintain. Therefore, diet nursing is one of the foundations of psychiatric nursing, and assisting patients to eat normally and orderly is a necessary condition to ensure the normal treatment.