Before vaccination, the dog must be examined by a professional veterinarian to ensure that it is healthy before vaccination.
Introduction of common imported vaccines at present:
Interway, Netherlands
Couple puppy = = puppy DP brown cover (seedling)+diluent red cover (diluent)
Five lotus seedlings = =DHPPi dark blue cover+thinner red cover (thinner)
Six seedlings = =DHPPi dark blue coverage +LEPTO light yellow coverage
Rabies seedling = rabies sky blue cover (aqueous solution) (both cats and dogs can use it)
1. Prevention of canine distemper, canine parvovirus,
2. Canine pentavaccine for preventing canine distemper, canine parvovirus disease, canine infectious hepatitis, canine parainfluenza and canine adenovirus type 2.
3. Canine six vaccines prevent canine distemper, canine parvovirus disease, canine infectious hepatitis, canine parainfluenza, canine adenovirus type 2 and leptospirosis.
The use of seven consecutive seedlings of Interway in China has not been approved, so if it is encountered in the market, it should be cautious.
Vaccination program of Japanese vaccine: The first dose of immunization begins at the age of 45-50 days, and the general program is two-joint, five-joint (six-joint), six-joint and rabies vaccine.
Every stitch is about two weeks apart.
After that, you can inject a 6+ rabies vaccine every year.
Meria, France:
Six links: canine distemper, adenovirus hepatitis, canine parvovirus, parainfluenza virus type 2 and leptospira canis infection.
Leptospira group of hemorrhagic jaundice
Seven links: canine distemper, adenovirus hepatitis, canine parvovirus, parainfluenza virus type 2 and leptospira canis infection.
Leptospira and rabies in jaundice bleeding group
Immune program: six rings+six rings+seven rings.
Two weeks apart, and then seven injections a year.
Difference between domestic vaccine and imported vaccine
At present, domestic vaccines are mainly attenuated vaccines (the level of inactivated vaccines in China is still lacking). The immune time of attenuated vaccine is short, usually once every six months, and sometimes the attenuated vaccine will recover its strength after injection, which is harmful to the health of dogs.
Imported seedlings are basically inactivated, with high efficacy, good immune effect and long timeliness, which can generally be immunized once a year.
The importance of vaccinating dogs.
Spring is the peak season for raising dogs, and it is also the season of frequent infectious diseases. Immunization is the first health barrier for dogs. Vaccines can keep dogs away from malignant infectious diseases and effectively control the spread of the epidemic. Loving dogs and society is the basic responsibility of a dog owner and should be paid enough attention to.
elementary knowledge
Dogs that have just entered the house often have weak resistance. When you get home, don't rush to get vaccinated. You can first inject serum into a reliable animal hospital to enhance your resistance. The effective time of serum is only 7 days. Don't let it go out, don't take a bath, and dogs and their owners don't touch other dogs for 7 days. Use this time to observe its appetite, defecation and body temperature, mental state, whether its nose is wet, etc. Dogs with fever, runny nose, cough, diarrhea and other symptoms should seek medical attention immediately without delay.
If your puppy is healthy and lively, congratulations. After 50 days, you can take it to the hospital for the first dose of imported canine six-vaccine. The vaccine can prevent canine distemper, canine parvovirus, leptospirosis, infectious hepatitis, infectious bronchitis and parainfluenza. Inject three times in the first year with an interval of 2 1 day, and then inject 1 time every year, one month earlier than the previous year.
When your puppy is three months old, you should get rabies vaccine once a year 1 time. Vaccination of rabies vaccine is the obligation of dog owners and the content of dog-raising regulations, and it must be vaccinated.
Common misunderstandings
Many dog owners still have some misunderstandings about dog vaccines. For example, some people think that my puppy rarely goes out, or doesn't go out at all, so it won't be infected. In fact, many viruses are brought from the mother when puppies are born. Once the resistance decreases, it will explode. Moreover, the contact of relatives and friends and the owner's going out may bring the virus to the dog at home.
Others have heard that other people's dogs get sick after vaccination and are afraid to immunize. In fact, there are many taboos in vaccination. If the owner ignores the health hazards of the dog at that time and immunizes it rashly, or vaccinates it with inferior, expired and improperly preserved vaccines, it will definitely cause adverse consequences. But it doesn't mean that all dogs will get sick after vaccination, nor does it mean that vaccines should not be vaccinated.
Canine virus can't be killed by ordinary disinfection products, especially canine parvovirus. If you have a puppy with infectious diseases at home, don't keep an unvaccinated dog for six months for safety reasons. Some friends who love dogs detoxify their families after losing their first dog. They are eager to make up for their emotional losses with another puppy that has not been fully vaccinated. As a result, the tragedy repeated itself and they regretted it.
Some dog owners think that everything will be fine after vaccination. In fact, there are hundreds of possible diseases in dogs, and vaccines can only prevent six or seven of them. Even after vaccination, pay close attention to the health of dogs. When dogs are too young or too old, too weak, local infectious diseases break out, or last year's vaccine is about to expire, corresponding preventive or rescue measures should be taken immediately. If you are sick, you should be sent to a pet hospital for expert treatment.
The majority of dog friends should master the scientific knowledge about vaccines, make your dog healthier, and make people get along with animals more safely and harmoniously.
What kinds of diseases should pets be prevented and treated?
Nowadays, more and more people start to keep all kinds of pets, and some take them as their own children. But when approaching pets, some diseases may also be transmitted to humans. Dr. Ethan from Beijing Veterinary Laboratory introduced several common pet diseases to readers, which can cross-spread between animals and people and do great harm.
toxoplasmosis
Toxoplasma gondii is a parasitic disease caused by Toxoplasma gondii, which can spread among more than 20 kinds of animals such as people, cats, dogs, pigs and sheep. Toxoplasma gondii lives sexually in cats but asexually in other animals. Acute infection has symptoms such as dyspnea, cough and high fever. It can also cause swollen lymph nodes on the body surface and ecchymosis on the abdominal skin and ears. When worms invade the eyes and brains of animals, they also cause diseases in these parts.
Because of the long incubation period of this disease, people with strong constitution will not attack immediately after infection, but poor resistance will cause pneumonia, lymphadenopathy and other diseases. Especially pregnant women, after being infected, may cause fetal malformation or even abortion.
Peng Guoqiu, deputy director of the emergency department of 304 Hospital, suggested that pregnant women with pets such as cats and dogs at home should have regular serum tests, and those infected in the first trimester should be advised to have induced abortion, and those infected in the middle and late stages should be treated in time. Avoid close contact with cats and dogs to prevent them from polluting food and drinking water. Injection and drugs can kill Toxoplasma gondii in animals. As long as you take your cat and dog to the animal hospital for a physical examination, you can nip in the bud. Recently, Beijing Veterinary Laboratory will also carry out investigation and research activities on toxoplasmosis in the whole city. Pet owners should support and cooperate!
skin disease
Dermatosis is a common disease of animals, such as mites and fungi, which not only do evil on animals, but also easily infect humans.
For example, the cat tinea, commonly known as "money tinea", will become rough after infection, and then fall off one by one, and even cause skin damage. People will get tinea spots when they come into contact with this sick cat. This disease is particularly harmful to children with weak resistance and delicate skin.
Mites are also parasites that pets can easily bring back when playing outside, and can be transmitted to humans through direct contact. Once it enters the skin, mites will rob the skin of nutrients, make the pores bulky and affect the appearance.
Therefore, when you find that your pet's fur is abnormal, you must take it to see a doctor in time. These skin diseases can be cured with common drugs.
Chlamydia disease
Chlamydia is more common in birds, among which Chlamydia psittaci is more harmful to human beings, with symptoms such as fever and runny nose at onset, much like influenza, so this disease is also concealed.
There is also a sexually transmitted disease chlamydia, which can be transmitted to humans through other animals, causing pathological changes and inflammation of human reproductive organs.
Although pets are people's good friends, improper feeding can also bring trouble, so Dr. Ethan reminds pet owners to do the following things:
1. Keep pets clean and hygienic;
2. Be sure to take the pet to the hospital for examination after buying it back;
3. Regularly deworming, vaccination and physical examination for pets;
4. Feed the pet clean food and keep the pet utensils clean;
5. When you take your pet out to play, don't let it run around eating food, and put a dog chain on it if necessary;
6. Take the pet to the hospital for examination and treatment in time if any abnormal situation is found.
Puppies should be alert to "meanness" and "canine distemper"
First, excessive reverse love is the curse of "smallness".
1, feeding. Is the biggest mistake. As we all know; A person who doesn't drink milk often will have diarrhea one day. This is because a substance that decomposes milk in the body decreases with age, and the decomposition ability in children is the highest. If the puppy has been completely weaned and has not been fed other milk substitutes, then adopting and feeding at home is the first reason for being "small".
Step 2 feed the meat. Is the second reason. Two days ago, my neighbor bought a 45-day-old German shepherd and fed it canned "Lu Bao" soft meat. I tasted it, and it was very oily. The first day is rare. This is a matter of puppy food quality.
(Fine beef, mince, add a little chicken essence, cook porridge and mix with rice porridge 1: 3 for feeding. Rot)
3. Feeding leftover food to puppies aged 50 to 100 days is the third hazard. Dogs should not eat leftovers all their lives. No matter who left it, there are many ways to avoid wasting food. Dogs are by no means trash cans for leftovers.
4. Immunization failed. Go to a reputable pet hospital for immunization. And put the drug label on the "health certificate".
Second, fashion psychology is the chief culprit of "canine distemper".
1. Show it to your puppy early.
2. Go out early to walk the dog. (Don't go out until all immunizations are completed)
3. Throw the food on the ground and feed it to the dog.
I didn't get into the good habit of walking my dog.
A, the puppy smells everywhere.
B, when walking the dog, stand in a place and chat with people.
C, the puppy digs a hole to eat soil.
5. Immunization failed.
(If the immunization fails, do it again 15-20 days after the onset to avoid some diseases predicted by special signs.
Purulent gum, keratinization (hardening) of meat pad, convulsion-canine distemper
Frequent diarrhea and bleeding, extremely smelly feces, vomiting-parvovirus
About a day or two after giving birth to the puppy, the bitch suddenly twitched all over-calcium deficiency after delivery.
The little red sore later turned into a blister. When the blister burst, a sticky yellow oily exudate, scabies, flowed out.
Basic principles of pet dog breeding
People who have never been in contact with dogs, the first question is what to feed the dogs? How to feed? Dog food was not on the market before, so most owners used leftovers, or chicken, chicken neck and so on. Feed the dog, which saves money but is troublesome. At present, there are many kinds of dog food, both domestic and imported, and the price is popular and very convenient.
1. Types of dog food
Dog food mainly includes dry food and canned food, and the other is casual biscuits, deodorized biscuits, beef jerky and so on. The main nutritional ingredients of various brands are similar, and those with high prices have special food formulas. For various ages and varieties, there are different considerations and we can compare them in advance. According to the age of growth, let the dog eat the dog food suitable for it. Young people eat puppies, adult dogs eat adult dogs, old dogs eat old dogs, and fat dogs eat fat dogs. Don't confuse them so as not to be too fat or too thin. The nutritional composition of dry food is relatively stable and general. Dogs can clean calculus and relieve itching by chewing. However, if there is a problem with urinary stones, try to avoid eating dry food unless it is prescription feed for stones. The nutritional composition of canned food varies according to the price. High price, using better materials; Most low-priced cans are a lot of undigested internal organs. The advantages are that the vitamin components are not easy to lose, and the palatability is good. The disadvantage is that there is more meat, and the smell is stronger when defecating. It is easy to grow calculus after eating for a long time. Dry food is not as delicious as canned food, but it is easy to digest and absorb, and defecation is not so smelly.
Snacks can be used for life training and basic training, and when dogs are rewarded. Don't give the dog snacks often, it will spoil its appetite. Chewing gum, ice cream, cakes, these desserts are better to touch less, on the one hand, they are prone to tooth decay. On the one hand, it is easy to get fat if you have a stomachache. Eating too much sweet, the biggest problem is that dogs have no appetite for dinner.
2. Different kinds of dogs have different weights.
Puppies are born with breast milk; When you are weaned, you can start feeding it liquid food. Canned meat can be made into paste with warm water, or you can heat young dry food to soften it. When you are two months old, you can start eating puppies and big dogs.
Large dogs are big and grow fast. They can add some nutrients such as calcium powder to their meals, but they must take them according to the doctor's instructions and instructions. Some people keep large fighting dogs, and they like to feed them with raw meat, so that they are used to blood, which is very dangerous; Because the meat is undercooked, it is dangerous. Secondly, after eating raw meat, the owner forgets to feed or abandon it, which may harm people. Many dog bites are caused by this.
3. Frequency and time of feeding
The frequency of breast-feeding every day is roughly as follows: from weaning to three months: three to six months, three to four times; from six months to one year, two to three times: twice a year: the time of breast-feeding once or twice can match your schedule, but it is not easy to feed. You should also consider increasing the time for walking the dog, urinating, cleaning the bedpan and washing the dishes after meals. Wash the bowls immediately after meals to avoid attracting rats, cockroaches and ants, or leaving too much food spoiled by sunshine and rain. At the same time, take off the bowl, lest it get tired of playing with the bowl and basin and even bite it. As for how much to feed, it is usually given according to the instructions, and then adjusted according to whether there is any surplus in the last meal.
4. Consideration of purchasing imported food
When buying imported food, try to find one with Chinese instructions and the importer's line number and telephone number. Because the canned dry food coming across the ocean may exceed the shelf life if it smells and is moldy. Wet, bug, ask the boss to return it immediately. You're welcome. Be sure to keep it properly after opening, put the cans in the refrigerator and seal the dry food. Buy it for the first time, don't buy too much, buy two or three kinds in small quantities, and see how the puppy reacts after eating it; Including palatability. The degree of digestion and absorption, the shape of excrement. Each variety says its products are the best, cheap and big bowl, so please consult doctors and experienced people.
5. How much is appropriate to eat
Give the dog a meal as long as it is seven minutes full, not too much, and let it lick the bowl. Eating is usually followed by running and jumping, so it's easy to spit it out intact. Dogs locked in cages all the year round, eating is their rare entertainment, so they will be as greedy as hungry ghosts. Don't be fooled by them into thinking that they are really hungry. But a dog with insufficient food, little exercise and poor excretion may be really sick. Better take him to the doctor. When changing food for a dog, don't change it all at once. Mix half of the new food at a time, try it for two or three days, gradually increase the new weight, and then use all the new food after one week. Only in this way can the dog's digestive system adapt, otherwise it is easy to have diarrhea. Many people think that dogs just want to chew bones. In fact, gnawing bones can easily block the intestines of dogs, make them constipated, and cause vomiting and loss of appetite. In particular, chicken bones must not be used, because chicken bones are small and brittle, which are easy to block the esophagus and puncture the gastrointestinal tract. When feeding, be sure to give enough water at the same time There is no need to use distilled water or boiled water, and their stomachs don't care about these.
In short, regular, quantitative and fixed-point feeding will make the puppy happy and the whole family happy. Signs of illness in dogs
Signs: fever. Fever is a common symptom of diseases and a precursor of many fatal dangers, which should not be underestimated. The normal temperature of dogs is slightly higher than that of people, about 38.5 degrees, and the temperature of puppies is higher.
Symptom 2: Trembling. The reason why dogs have pathological trembling is that there is something wrong with the nervous system, which may be caused by encephalitis and canine distemper. Therefore, if the owner finds that the dog has pathological trembling, he must take the dog to the hospital as soon as possible without hesitation.
Symptom 3: Loss of appetite. If there is nothing unusual in the food itself, but the dog's food intake is obviously reduced, then the dog may be sick. Many diseases can make dogs lose their appetite, such as gastrointestinal diseases and acute infectious diseases of other systems.
Symptom 4: Difficulty in breathing. If the dog's breathing frequency is obviously accelerated and the breathing depth is increased, it may indicate that the dog has respiratory diseases, such as tracheitis, bronchitis and pneumothorax, which should not be taken lightly.
Symptom 5: Constipation. If you find that the dog has poor or disordered defecation, you must adjust the dog's diet in time, otherwise serious digestive tract diseases may occur.
Symptom 6: Diarrhea. Simple diarrhea may be too much to digest. You only need to fast for one day to deal with this situation, but diarrhea caused by parasites or other infectious diseases is not so simple, so don't underestimate the diarrhea of dogs.
Symptom 7: Vomiting. Dogs will take the initiative to vomit when they eat foreign objects, and some dogs will vomit when they get carsick. This is normal. But if there is severe vomiting, not only food, but also gastric juice or water, it may be gastritis and you have to go to the hospital for treatment. "
The best activity for a dog is a small dog with 1 to 2 hours per day: this dog needs 125 to 700 kilocalories per day. This activity is just right for a typical pet dog, so it must be kept every day. In cold weather, especially when your dog lives in an outdoor kennel without heating, you should increase its feeding. This is because when the weather gets cold, the energy needed to maintain body temperature will also increase. Therefore, in this case, you only need to add a completely balanced nutritious food. Don't feed leftovers, because although it can provide more energy, it can't provide other nutrients needed for a balanced diet. Remember, all energy intakes given here are for reference only. However, even if each dog has the same weight and activity, the calories it needs will not be the same, and there will be some differences between different breeds of dogs. Medium-sized dogs that exercise 1-2 hours a day: This kind of dog needs 700 to 1400 kilocalories a day. This activity is just right for a typical pet dog, so it must be kept every day. In cold weather, especially when your dog lives in an outdoor kennel without heating, you should increase its feeding. This is because when the weather gets cold, the energy needed to maintain body temperature will also increase. Therefore, in this case, you only need to add a completely balanced nutritious food. Don't feed leftovers, because although it can provide more energy, it can't provide other nutrients needed for a balanced diet. Remember, all energy intakes given here are for reference only. However, even if each dog has the same weight and activity, the calories it needs will not be the same, and there will be some differences between different breeds of dogs. Large dogs with daily activities of 1-2 hours: This kind of dog needs more than 1400 kcal of calories every day. This range is very large. For example, a giant dog weighing more than 100 kg needs about 3950 kilocalories a day. This activity is just right for a typical pet dog, so it must be kept every day. In cold weather, especially when your dog lives in an outdoor kennel without heating, you should increase its feeding. This is because when the weather gets cold, the energy needed to maintain body temperature will also increase. Therefore, in this case, you only need to add a completely balanced nutritious food. Don't feed leftovers, because although it can provide more energy, it can't provide other nutrients needed for a balanced diet. Remember, all energy intakes given here are for reference only. However, even if each dog has the same weight and activity, the calories it needs will not be the same, and there will be some differences between different breeds of dogs.
First, milk can't replace dog milk.
Most dog owners like to take their dogs home before the full moon, because the dogs are not out of lactation, and they think it is the same to feed them with milk. As we all know, cows are herbivores, while dogs are omnivores. Moreover, the composition of milk and dog milk is very different. Milk is a food with low protein, low fat, high lactose and high phosphorus and potassium, while dog milk is just the opposite. Dog milk is a food with high protein, high fat, low lactose, low phosphorus and low potassium. Dogs under the full moon lack lactase that can digest high lactose, and frequent feeding is easy to cause diarrhea; At the same time, the protein content of milk is only 1/3 of that of dog milk, so dogs under the full moon can't get enough nutrition. The immunity of lactating dogs is low, and long-term feeding with milk can easily lead to the death of dogs.
Second, the breeding of dogs.
Most people think that pets can eat what people can eat. In fact, this understanding is wrong. Dogs have good teeth and a healthy stomach, and can adapt to the quality and quantity of food well. Dogs, like all animals, must have six nutrients: water, protein, fat, carbohydrates, minerals and vitamins.
For dogs, it is best to let dogs eat ready-made dog food, or occasionally mix with some canned dogs, which is not only beneficial to the digestion of dogs' food, but also meets their growth needs. Dogs can supplement a small amount of dog biscuits, shredded chicken and other snacks while feeding dog food.
The following foods are not suitable for dogs to try:
1, pepper, onion, ginger, garlic, onion and other irritants. These foods can easily reduce the olfactory sensitivity of dogs;
2. Seafood, beef and mutton, etc. Long-term consumption will make dogs suffer from scabies, just like human psoriasis, the skin disease of dogs is difficult to cure;
3. Animal liver. The liver is responsible for detoxification, and long-term consumption will cause toxin accumulation in dogs; Thereby causing the dog to get sick.
Experts also pointed out that in general pet supermarkets, there are health care products sold to pets to supplement minerals, such as calcium tablets, calcium phosphate treasures and multivitamins. According to the dog's situation, refer to the instructions of health care products and add them to the dog's food. It will not only make the dog strong, but also reduce the chance of getting sick.
Pets are mankind's most loyal and reliable friends. Many people find that keeping pets can make them physically and mentally healthy and enrich their lives. When people are full of love; When people are in a harmonious atmosphere, they will feel happier and healthier. Here, experts advocate that pet lovers treat their pets with a scientific and positive attitude, so that the society is full of love, human beings are kind to pets, and pets become a part of life.