Fuxin's changing composition 1500 words? Come on, everybody, 3Q.

Changes in Fuxin. The origin of Fuxin's economic transformation Fuxin is a typical resource-based city that stands because of coal, prospers because of coal and declines because of coal. During the "First Five-Year Plan" period, Fuxin built the largest Haizhou open pit mine and Fuxin power plant in Asia and became one of the important energy production bases in China. Since the founding of New China 50 years ago, Fuxin * * * has produced 600 million tons of raw coal and generated 654.38+0.7 billion kWh of electricity, which has made great contributions to the national economic construction. However, in the late 1980s, Fuxin's coal output entered a period of decline, and the cost of coal resource exploitation increased year by year, which made Fuxin, as the leading industry in the coal industry, fall into a very difficult situation. Tens of thousands of large state-owned mines went bankrupt one after another, and a large number of state-owned collective workers were laid off and their lives were in trouble. The CPC Central Committee and the State Council attached great importance to this. In February, 2000 1,1,the State Council decided to establish Fuxin as a pilot city for economic transformation of resource-exhausted cities in China, and established an industrial development strategy with the development of modern agriculture and deep processing of agricultural products as the follow-up alternative industries. Two. Analysis of the Impact of Economic Transformation on the Total Revenue and Expenditure of the State Treasury and the Structural Changes Since the State Council established Fuxin as a pilot city for resource-exhausted transformation in 20001,after more than four years' efforts, Fuxin's economic transformation has achieved initial results. The national economy is growing rapidly. In 2005, the gross domestic product reached1506 billion yuan, an increase of 8.027 billion yuan over the first year of transformation (200 1). During the Tenth Five-Year Plan period, the average annual growth rate was 17.6%. The framework of leading industries was initially formed, and more than 70 leading agricultural enterprises settled in Fuxin, forming more than a dozen agricultural industrialization chains; The living standards of urban and rural people have been greatly improved, and urban infrastructure and ecological environment have been greatly improved. In 2005, the per capita disposable income of urban residents and the per capita net income of farmers reached 6630 yuan and 3 140 yuan, respectively, with an average annual growth of 10% and 24.3% during the Tenth Five-Year Plan period. Fuxin's economic transformation has driven the rapid growth of the national treasury's revenue and expenditure, and the industrial tax structure and industrial tax structure have changed, which has shown its influence on the total revenue and expenditure of the national treasury and the revenue and expenditure structure. 1. Analysis of the impact of transformation on the total revenue and expenditure of the national treasury; The good development opportunities brought by economic transformation and the sustained and rapid development of the overall economic situation have laid a strong tax source foundation for the rapid growth of national treasury revenue. From 200/kloc-0 to 2005, the national treasury revenue in Fuxin area ended the low level since the Ninth Five-Year Plan, and the budget revenue and income growth at all levels reached record highs. In 2005, the treasury departments at all levels in Fuxin collected 654.38+435 billion yuan in warehousing tax, an increase of 87.3% over the initial stage of transformation; The general budget revenue at all levels was 654.38+0.923 billion yuan, of which the central general budget revenue (including tax refund) was 726.5438+0 billion yuan, an increase of 654.38+0.06% over the initial stage of transformation; Local general budget revenue (excluding transfer revenue) was put into storage at 6543.8+202 million yuan, an increase of 98.7% over the initial stage of transformation, of which provincial budget revenue was put into storage at 297 million yuan, an increase of 402.0% over the initial stage of transformation; The general budget revenue at the city (prefecture) level was 905 million yuan, an increase of 65.8% over the initial stage of transformation. The expenditure on handling the general budget of the state treasury was 3.652 billion yuan (excluding appropriation expenditure), an increase of 1 10.8% compared with the initial stage of transformation. In 2005, the fund's budget revenue was10.62 billion yuan, which was 22.7 times higher than that in the initial stage of transformation. 2. Analysis of the impact of the transition on the changes in the structure of treasury revenue and expenditure (1) Changes in the structure of treasury tax revenue. From the perspective of industrial tax structure, the tax revenue of primary and secondary industries has increased relatively. In 2005, Fuxin realized the primary industry tax of 23.97 million yuan, an increase of 1 13.8% compared with the initial stage of transformation. The tax revenue of the secondary industry was 843 million yuan, an increase of 103.2% compared with the initial stage of transformation. In terms of industries, coal mining and mineral processing, electric power, commercial wholesale and retail still dominate the national treasury tax revenue. During the Tenth Five-Year Plan period, the turnover tax revenue of the three major industries accounted for 67% of the city's turnover tax revenue, of which the coal mining and dressing industry realized a cumulative value-added tax revenue of 6032 1 10,000 yuan, accounting for 24% of the turnover tax revenue. In 2005, the value-added tax revenue of coal mining and dressing industry reached 209.78 million yuan, an increase of 1370 10000 yuan, an increase of 88.3%. In terms of taxation, the income from value-added tax and business tax accounts for a large and stable proportion. During the Tenth Five-Year Plan period, the two tax revenues totaled 3.677 billion yuan, accounting for 76.5438+0.4% (56.5438+50 billion yuan) of the total tax revenue, of which the proportion of value-added tax revenue to the total tax revenue remained in the range of (49.5%, 50.5%). In 2005, the total revenue of the two taxes reached 654.38+0.08 billion yuan, an increase of 466.543 billion yuan or 84.3% over 2006. Judging from the types of enterprise economy that promote tax revenue growth, state-owned enterprises still occupy an absolute share in tax revenue contribution. From 200/kloc-0 to 2005, the total tax paid by state-owned enterprises accounted for 35.5% of the total tax revenue. However, from the perspective of tax revenue growth of various enterprises, the tax revenue of private enterprises and foreign-invested enterprises increased rapidly, increasing by 4.76 times and 2.74 times respectively compared with the initial stage of transformation. (2) Analysis of changes in the structure of national treasury expenditure From the perspective of the structure of national treasury expenditure, with the transformation of cities from resource exploitation and processing to agricultural production and processing, the corresponding expenditures on urban capital construction, medical and health care and social subsidies have been greatly improved in the process of transformation. In 2005, Fuxin's capital construction expenditure was 210.20 million yuan, medical and health expenditure was 8.7710.10 million yuan, and social subsidy expenditure was10.285 million yuan, which were 2.55 times,10.52 times and 5.76 times that of 2006 respectively, showing a rapid growth trend. From the internal structure of capital expenditure, forestry and water conservancy capital expenditure grew rapidly, increasing by 85 times and 10.3 times in 2003-2005 respectively. However, the expenditure on tapping the potential of enterprises and the three expenses on science and technology, which are suitable for urban transformation, have dropped significantly accordingly. In 2005, compared with 20001year, the funds for tapping the potential of enterprises and the three expenses for science and technology decreased by 15% and 6 1% respectively. Iii. major problems in the transition 1. The growth of alternative industries is not fast, and urban transformation is still fragile. Through the analysis of Fuxin's industrial tax structure, it is not difficult to see that despite several years of transformation practice, Fuxin's industrial structure, which is dominated by coal and electricity industry, has not fundamentally changed. In particular, the tax revenue of the coal and electricity industry in the city increased from 37% at the beginning of the Tenth Five-Year Plan to 44% at the end of the Tenth Five-Year Plan. Judging from the economic types of tax sources, although the private economy has developed rapidly, the number of enterprises above designated size is relatively small, and the contribution rate to tax revenue is not high. The increasingly exhausted resources still determine the city's economic tax revenue to a certain extent, and a large number of key enterprises in transition cannot fully undertake the heavy responsibility of transforming alternative industries, which leads to the fragility of Fuxin's urban transformation. 2. Urban transformation has limited effect on the growth of local financial resources, and the contradiction between revenue and expenditure of the national treasury is still outstanding. By the end of 2005, 23 key projects at the initial stage of transformation identified by the state in Fuxin have been completed one after another, of which 60% have been completed. These projects have played an important role in improving urban infrastructure and ecological environment. However, the role of these projects in cultivating financial resources, enhancing local economic strength and developing sustainable industries is very limited, and the contradiction between treasury revenue and expenditure is still outstanding. In 2005, the balance of income and expenditure of Fuxin local general budget (excluding appropriation) reached 2.773 billion yuan, which was 3.73 times of the general budget revenue of that year. 3. In the period of urban transformation, the gap between income and expenditure of social security has increased. With the transformation of Fuxin from coal development and utilization as the leading industry to agricultural processing industry and the restructuring of a large number of traditional state-owned enterprises, the elderly population and unemployed population in Fuxin have increased rapidly. As a resource-exhausted city in transition, Fuxin has a high proportion of low-income population (in 2004, the proportion of families with per capita monthly income below the minimum living standard in Fuxin was as high as 47%). The expenditure of state treasury subsidies is large, and the gap between income and expenditure of social security is widening. In 2005 alone, the gap between income and expenditure of pension and unemployment insurance in Fuxin reached 447 million yuan, accounting for 49.4% of the general budget revenue of the state treasury in that year. 4. There are still great systemic risks in the transformed alternative industries. After the transformation, Fuxin's alternative industries are agriculture and agricultural products processing industry. Although modern agricultural production has largely got rid of the traditional agricultural production mode of relying on the weather, compared with other industries, it still faces huge systemic risks. Four. The first policy measure to promote the sustainable and healthy development of transitional cities is to establish and improve the compensation mechanism for resource development and the assistance mechanism for declining industries, so as to provide institutional guarantee for the sustainable development of resource-based cities. Second, vigorously promote the rapid development of alternative industries and shorten the transition period of urban transformation. Third, actively guide and promote the development of agricultural products deep processing industry, thereby increasing tax sources and driving the rapid growth of local disposable financial resources. Fourth, increase transfer payments to cities in transition, properly solve the problem of social security fund gap and improve the social stability mechanism. The fifth is to form an industrial risk prevention system and build a multi-industry tax structure model to avoid over-reliance on a single industrial structure. In addition, we can consider reasonably arranging national debt and funds in the central budget to support resource-exhausted cities in Northeast China and build a number of projects that can develop and continue alternative industries, fully absorb employment and promote comprehensive utilization of resources. In a word, "Fuxin problem" is also a problem faced by many resource-exhausted cities in China. According to the statistics of China Mining Association, more than 390 resource-based cities have been formed in China, of which 20% are in the growth stage, 68% are in the maturity stage, and 12% are in the decline stage. About 400 mines in China have been or will be closed soon, and about 50 mining cities are in decline, all of which are facing the problem of how to realize urban transformation. Therefore, we can take Fuxin as a pilot, analyze and summarize the experience and lessons, and explore the development road of resource-exhausted cities in China.