The company's old horse has been wandering around the top three hospitals in Beijing for more than ten years and has been called "barefoot doctor's old horse" by colleagues. Male colleagues have nothing to do, so they ask the old horse something hard to say. Female colleagues are keen on reading his palm.
Early in the morning, the old horse staggered into the office, saw Fan Xiao absorbed in his work and shouted, "Fan Xiao! Look up at me! ! "
Fan Xiao looked up at the old horse inexplicably, and the old horse quickly said, "Fan Xiao, your eyes look like kidney is not good!" "
Fan Xiao blushed at once and argued, "How did I end up in kidney is not good?"
Men can't say kidney is not good. How did Ma Lao, a barefoot doctor, see that Fan Xiao's kidney was bad through his eyes?
In fact, the eye is a mirror of the kidney. The following four kinds of kidney diseases can be diagnosed by eye examination.
1. Diabetic nephropathy:
Diabetic patients, if urine contains proteinuria, can judge kidney damage.
In fact, diabetic nephropathy and diabetic retinopathy generally occur at the same time, because Tamen is a microvascular complication of diabetes. We can infer kidney damage through fundus examination.
Generally, patients with a history of diabetes for more than 5- 10 years are all accompanied by diabetic retinopathy. According to the severity, we can divide the disease into six stages:
The first period is venous dilatation or microangiomas and small bleeding spots;
There are hard exudation and bleeding spots in stage ⅱ;
There are soft exudation and bleeding spots in stage ⅲ;
There are new blood vessels and vitreous hemorrhage in stage ⅳ;
There are new blood vessels and fibrous hyperplasia in stage ⅴ;
Stage ⅵ complicated with retinal detachment. [ 1]
If you still can't tell the difference by observing the fundus, you can make a diagnosis by renal puncture.
2. Hypertensive nephropathy:
Renal damage caused by hypertension is called hypertensive renal damage or hypertensive nephropathy. Patients with hypertensive renal damage are generally older and often have a family history of primary hypertension, or have a history of hypertension for many years before renal damage. If blood pressure is not well controlled, renal function will accelerate.
Is there any change in the eyes at the same time of hypertensive kidney damage? The answer is yes, the fundus damage caused by hypertension often manifests as retinal arteriosclerosis.
3.TINU syndrome:
Also known as tubulointerstitial nephritis uveitis syndrome.
This is a newly discovered syndrome involving kidneys and eyes, which mostly occurs in adolescent women.
Clinically, sometimes both eyes and kidneys are sick at the same time, and the kidneys are characterized by idiopathic acute tubulointerstitial nephritis, acute renal failure, proteinuria, renal diabetes, hypokalemia and so on. The general symptoms are fever, weight loss, fatigue and discomfort. The main manifestation of the eye is bilateral non-granulomatous anterior uveitis, which can cause redness, fear of light and tears.
Clinically it is also called tubulointerstitial nephritis-uveitis syndrome.
4. Hereditary nephritis:
It is a hereditary disease, which is caused by the mutation of the main collagen component-type ⅳ collagen gene encoding glomerular basement membrane. The incidence of gene mutation is about110000 ~1/5000. Its clinical features are hematuria, sensorineural deafness and progressive renal insufficiency. Some patients can see eye diseases, such as anterior cone lens, punctate and punctate retinopathy around macula and retinopathy at the equator of retina.
The above four diseases all involve eye diseases, and every clue in clinic may be helpful for diagnosis and treatment.
So how to prevent kidney disease in daily life?
Quit smoking, control weight and limit salt intake; Diet should be light and easy to digest, and avoid greasy, mellow and spicy things. When renal function is impaired, it is recommended to have a high-quality diet with low protein, high calcium and low phosphorus; Actively control primary disease, control blood sugar and blood pressure; Keep the indoor air fresh, with proper temperature and humidity, sufficient light and regular ventilation; Keep a good attitude, adjust your mood and be happy; Proper exercise improves disease resistance. Take a walk and beat Tai Ji Chuan, and insist on it every morning and evening. Activity time depends on physical strength and physical condition. At the same time, we should proceed step by step and stick to it for a long time.