The method of breast self-examination is simple and easy, and most women can master it, so it should be valued and popularized.
The specific self-inspection method can be divided into two items: the first item is inspection: unbutton the coat and completely expose the breasts on both sides. Firstly, the size of both breasts was observed and compared. Second, check whether the nipple position is retracted or raised; Then check the breast skin for nodules, depressions or eczema-like changes. The second item is palpation: the left hand is akimbo, and the left breast is palpated with your right hand, and then the right breast is palpated with your right hand akimbo. You can also sit in a sitting position, use your right hand when palpating the left breast, use your left hand when examining the right breast, put your fingers together, and gently touch the breast with your fingertips. Don't pinch it with your fingers, because normal mammary ducts are arranged radially. If you pinch it with your fingers, you will mistakenly think that the normal gland tissue squeezed out is a breast lump. Palpation should be in order, first touch the whole breast, and then proceed in turn according to the upper inside, upper outside, lower inside and lower outside of the breast. In the process of touching, if you find a lump in the breast, you should pay special attention to the position, size, shape, hardness and mobility of the lump, because mastering these signs is the key to distinguish between benign and malignant lesions.
Benign tumor of breast. Most of them occur in young women aged 20-25, usually in the outer upper part of the breast. They are oval, as small as cherries and as big as eggs, with smooth surfaces, clear boundaries, normal skin color and no pain.
Mammary gland hyperplasia. It is common in women aged 30-40 years, and it is characterized by the appearance of lumps of different sizes on both sides of the breast, which often appear at the same time or one after another, forming irregularities and can be flaky or nodular. The boundary between the lump and the surrounding tissues is unclear, and it does not adhere to the skin, pushing and moving. The pain is aggravated 3-4 days before menstruation, the lump is enlarged, and the symptoms are alleviated after menstruation.
Breast cancer. The incidence of breast cancer is second only to uterine cancer, and it is between 40 and 60 years old. The incidence of breast cancer in women before and after menopause is higher. The lump is hard in texture, uneven in surface, easy to push, unclear in boundary, and often bloody secretions overflow from the nipple.
Conditional can also use the above inspection method for double inspection. The time of breast examination should be 7- 10 days after menstruation, which is the most stable period of breast physiology, and the lesions are easy to find. The diagnosis and palpation of breast diseases are very important, and the key depends on experience, hand feeling, correct examination and comprehensive analysis. For the diagnosis of breast cancer, we need to rely on puncture or biopsy, and we should operate as soon as possible after the diagnosis, without delay; For hyperplasia of mammary glands or other breast diseases, the combination of traditional Chinese and western medicine can achieve good results.