Nowadays, human beings are facing the third environmental pollution after "soot pollution" and "photochemical smog pollution", mainly indoor air pollution.
American experts found that there are more than 500 kinds of volatile organic compounds in indoor air, including more than 20 kinds of carcinogens and more than 200 kinds of pathogenic viruses. The main hazards are radon, formaldehyde, benzene, ammonia, esters and trichloroethylene. A large number of shocking facts have confirmed that indoor air pollution has become an "invisible killer" that harms human health, and it has also become a common concern of all countries in the world. Research shows that indoor air pollution is 2-5 times more serious than outdoor air, and it can reach 100 times in special circumstances. Therefore, the United States lists indoor air pollution as one of the five major environmental factors that endanger human health. The World Health Organization also lists indoor air pollution as one of the top ten threats to human health, along with hypertension, hypercholesterolemia and obesity. According to statistics, nearly half of the people in the world are in indoor air pollution, and indoor environmental pollution has caused 35? 7% of respiratory diseases, 22% of chronic lung diseases and 15% of tracheitis, bronchitis and lung cancer.
Present situation of indoor environmental pollution in China
In recent years, China has successively formulated a series of standards on indoor environment, from the use of building decoration materials to the limit of pollutants in indoor air, strictly monitoring the indoor environment in all directions to ensure people's health. Therefore, people often think that modern living conditions are constantly improving and indoor environmental pollution has been controlled. In fact, people's understanding of the harm of indoor environmental pollution is far from enough.
It should be noted that with the rapid development of China's economy, indoor environmental pollution caused by buildings, decoration and furniture has become a major killer affecting people's health. According to the data provided by China Indoor Environmental Monitoring Center, the number of excess deaths caused by indoor air pollution in China can reach 1 1? 1 10,000 people, the excess outpatient visits can reach 220,000, and the excess emergency visits can reach 4.3 million. Serious indoor environmental pollution not only causes losses to people's health, but also causes huge economic losses. The economic loss caused by indoor environmental pollution in China is as high as 1995 USD.
After investigation by experts, it is found that the use of materials containing harmful substances in bedroom decoration will aggravate indoor pollution and have a greater impact on children and women. Statistics show that at present, there are about 265,438+million children who die of upper respiratory tract infection every year in China, among which more than 1 10,000 children's deaths are directly or indirectly related to indoor air pollution, especially in some newly built and rebuilt kindergartens and families. In recent years, the number of children with leukemia in big cities such as Beijing, Guangzhou, Shenzhen and Harbin has increased, and living in an over-decorated room is one of the important reasons.
According to a survey conducted by Beijing Children's Hospital, 90% children with leukemia in this hospital have been decorated at home within half a year. Experts speculate that harmful substances in interior decoration materials may be an important cause of childhood leukemia.
From the current detection and analysis, the main sources of indoor air pollutants are: building and indoor decoration materials, outdoor pollutants, combustion products and human activities. Among them, the pollution of indoor decoration materials and furniture is the main aspect of indoor air pollution at present. The national health, construction and environmental protection departments have conducted spot checks on indoor decoration materials, and found that 68% of the materials are polluted by toxic gases, and these decoration materials will emit more than 300 kinds of volatile organic compounds. Among them, formaldehyde, ammonia, benzene, toluene, xylene, volatile organic compounds and radioactive gas radon can cause headaches, nausea and vomiting, convulsions and dyspnea after human contact, allergic reactions such as asthma, allergic rhinitis and dermatitis after repeated contact, and cancer (lung cancer and leukemia) or abortion, fetal malformation and growth retardation after long-term contact.