Transaminase is an essential "catalyst" in human metabolism, which mainly exists in liver cells. Inflammation, necrosis and poisoning. Occurs in liver cells, causing liver cells to be damaged, and transaminase will be released into the blood, thus increasing serum transaminase. Usually, alanine aminotransferase is the main transaminase in physical examination. 1% hepatocyte injury can increase the concentration of ALT in blood by 1 fold. Therefore, ALT level can sensitively monitor whether the liver is damaged.
Basic overview
High transaminase [1] is a very common situation, and it is not necessarily a problem with the liver. Because transaminase is very sensitive, many factors will cause the normal value of transaminase to fluctuate up and down. Healthy people may be examined at different times of the day, and the results of transaminase measurement may be different. In the early stage, Schisandra Yanggan tablets were generally used to reduce transaminase.
Edit this symptom
Some people do not have the symptoms of high transaminase, while others have the symptoms of high transaminase, which is easily confused with the symptoms of other diseases.
The common symptoms of high transaminase are fatigue, anorexia, insomnia and dreaminess, low fever, aversion to greasy food, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, liver discomfort and so on. Mild manifestations are easy to sweat, drowsiness, thirst and reading eye fatigue. In outpatient service, the most common symptom is that hepatitis B patients will have high transaminase. Therefore, patients with hepatitis B should be familiar with these symptoms and go to the hospital in time when these symptoms appear.
Generally speaking, a slight increase in transaminase will not have obvious symptoms, while patients with a large increase in transaminase will have symptoms such as fatigue, anorexia, nausea, vomiting and abdominal distension. If the transaminase rises to more than 500 units in a short time, it is necessary to consider whether you are acute hepatitis and treat it in time. Acute hepatitis B can be completely cured.
The reason for editing this paragraph
Non-pathological cause
1. If healthy people check the transaminase after strenuous exercise, they will find that the transaminase is elevated.
2, if you are too tired, it will lead to an increase in transaminase.
3. If you eat greasy food or drink too much before the examination, the transaminase will increase.
4. Pregnant women can also lead to endocrine disorders and elevated transaminase;
5, malnutrition diet structure is unreasonable, such as low-protein diet, especially when food lacks cystine and vitamin E, it can also increase ALT.
6. The side effects of daily taking drugs will also lead to the increase of transaminase, such as erythromycin, sleeping pills, antipyretic and analgesic drugs, contraceptive cream and traditional Chinese medicines such as Pinellia ternata, Areca catechu and indigo naturalis.
Pathological cause
1, viral hepatitis This is a common disease that causes high transaminase, and other types of hepatitis can also cause high transaminase.
2, a variety of drugs and chemicals can cause transaminase to rise, but it can return to normal after stopping the drug.
3. When liver cirrhosis and liver cancer cirrhosis are active, transaminase is generally high.
4. Acute attack of biliary tract diseases such as cholecystitis and gallstones, in addition to fever, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting and jaundice, can also cause the increase of serum bilirubin and transaminase. Transaminase is excreted from bile duct. If there are diseases of bile duct, gallbladder and pancreas and bile duct obstruction, transaminase can also be increased. Cholecystitis, biliary ascaris, hepatolithiasis, gallbladder and bile duct tumors, periampullary carcinoma, congenital biliary dilatation, acute and chronic pancreatitis, pancreatic headache and hemorrhagic necrotizing pancreatitis are common diseases in hospital beds.
5, heart disease acute myocardial infarction, myocarditis, heart failure, can cause transaminase increase.
6. Other infectious diseases: In addition to the liver, other organs and tissues in the body such as heart, kidney, lung, brain, testis, muscle, etc. also contain this enzyme. Therefore, when patients with myocarditis, pyelonephritis, lobar pneumonia, tuberculosis, polymyositis, hyperthyroidism, acute septicemia, typhoid fever, meningitis, malaria, leptospirosis, influenza, measles, schistosomiasis and crush syndrome, we can also see the increase of transaminase in the blood.
7. Have you ever taken drugs harmful to your liver? If so, we must pay attention to the possibility of drug-induced hepatitis;
8. Women should also pay attention to the possibility of autoimmune hepatitis and check autoimmune antibodies (antinuclear antibodies, Kangping smooth muscle antibodies, etc.). ) are all positive;
9. Whether there are diseases such as cholecystitis, heart disease and nephritis that can also cause the increase of transaminase in the past;
To sum up, there are many reasons for the increase of transaminase, so we must check it carefully, make clear the cause and treat it according to the cause.
It is normal for transaminase levels to be between 0 and 40. If it is beyond the normal range, the doctor will recommend a second inspection to eliminate the possibility of errors caused by laboratory equipment failures and operational errors. If the level of transaminase is still high, it is mostly caused by viral hepatitis or other liver diseases. However, in order to determine whether it is viral hepatitis, other tests are needed, combined with comprehensive analysis of medical history, symptoms and signs.