Selected questions and answers on health knowledge of the elderly
1, if you use fried dough sticks for a long time, it is likely to cause (b) accumulation in your body, which is harmful to your health.
A. Lead B. Aluminum
(The excessive aluminum residue in fritters is mainly caused by baking powder and alum, so it is necessary to make fritters.
Use baking powder or alum for bulking. Traditional baking powder mostly contains alum, the main component of which is aluminum, which is the main reason for exceeding the standard. )
2, if you don't eat breakfast, lack of (B) in the blood, brain function will be affected.
A. Vitamin B. Glucose
Because of the first night's sleep, the blood sugar content will decrease. If you don't eat breakfast, your blood sugar will not be replenished, which will lead to hypoglycemia, the brain will not be supplied with energy, and its function will be affected, and then dizziness, inattention, and even a series of irreparable damage to the brain such as fainting and limb convulsions will occur. )
3. What diseases are easily caused by long-term smoking? Bronchitis pulmonary edema
Chronic bronchitis is a chronic nonspecific inflammation of trachea, bronchial mucosa and its surrounding tissues caused by infectious or non-infectious factors. The etiology of chronic bronchitis is complex. At present, it is recognized that smoking is the main pathogenic factor of chronic bronchitis. )
The best daily drinking water for the elderly is: B.
A. Fruit juice B. Tea and boiled water
Many middle-aged and elderly people suffer from cardiovascular diseases, which seriously endanger the health of patients, and tea helps to prevent cardiovascular diseases. )
45. Which of the following sports is suitable for the elderly b?
A. Mountain biking B. Aerobic exercise
Life lies in sports, but some sports are not suitable for the elderly. If you do it reluctantly, it may cause unnecessary harm to your body. Many elderly people like to choose outdoor sports, such as climbing mountains and playing Tai Ji Chuan. However, as people get older, some sports not only
If you can't achieve the effect of exercise, it will bring harm to the health of the elderly. )
6. Is it easy for the elderly to exercise on an empty stomach in winter morning exercises? B A. Right B. (The blood concentration is high in the morning, and running on an empty stomach will increase the burden on the heart and liver, which is prone to circulatory disorders such as arrhythmia. Avoid doing morning exercises on an empty stomach. Don't do morning exercises on an empty stomach or full stomach, but eat some food, such as bread, milk, eggs and fruit, and do morning exercises outdoors after eating half full. )
7. From the point of view of nutrition, which of the following methods is correct?
Repeated rice washing. B. Wash the vegetables first, then cut them.
If the whole vegetable or leaf is washed with clear water before cutting, the loss of vitamin C and other water-soluble vitamins can be reduced. )
8, the following elderly nutrition guidance error is B ..
The daily intake of salt should not exceed 6 grams. B. the daily drinking water is about 3000ML.
Eating light and low-salt food is good for health. Epidemiological investigation shows that the intake of sodium is positively correlated with the incidence of hypertension, so it is not advisable to have too much salt. The World Health Organization recommends that the salt intake per person per day should not exceed 6 grams. )
9, the elderly movement follows the principle of A.
Choose an appropriate exercise, such as jogging. Run as fast as possible.
10, the most important risk factor of hemorrhagic cerebrovascular disease is B.
A. Diabetes B. Hypertension
Hypertension itself is not terrible, what is terrible is the consequences of hypertension. As for the changes of heart, brain and kidney, myocardial hypertrophy, coronary heart disease and cardiac insufficiency are one of the reasons for their participation, cerebrovascular disease.
Arteriosclerosis, cerebral infarction, brain atrophy and even cerebral hemorrhage may occur, and the prognosis of nephropathy and renal insufficiency is also poor. )
Complete Questions and Answers on Health Knowledge of the Elderly
1. What are the principles of reasonable nutrition? (ABCD)
A. Food diversification B. Pay attention to the collocation of three meals
C. The food is vegetarian and the thickness is balanced. D. Scientific cooking
2. What are the good eating habits? (ABCD)
A. Wash your hands before and after meals. B. Eat regularly and quantitatively.
C. don't eat spoiled food.
3. How to prevent food poisoning? (ABCD)
A. Don't eat dead, poisonous or unexplained livestock meat.
B. Separate raw and cooked food from the knife box.
C. Don't eat bad food.
D. don't eat sprouted potatoes
4. How to prevent hypertension? (ABCD)
A. don't smoke and drink less. B. control diet to prevent obesity.
C. Eat a low-salt diet and eat more vegetables. D. Maintain emotional stability and optimism.
5. Health means: (ABC)
A. Physical health B. Mental health
C. Good social adaptability D. Good moral behavior ability
6. What are the typical symptoms of diabetes? (ABCD)
A. Drink more B. Eat more C. Urine more D. Lose weight
7. Who is prone to high blood pressure? (ABCD)
A. Obese people B. People who like salty food
C. People who drink too much D. People with a family history of hypertension
8. What are the foods with high cholesterol? (automatic call distributor)
A. Fat meat B. Lean meat C. Egg yolk D. Animal viscera
9. What should I pay attention to in drug preservation? (ABCD)
A. avoid light B. avoid heat C. prevent moisture D. pay attention to the shelf life
10. If someone around you has a sudden heart attack, how should you rescue him? (AB)
A. Let the patient lie down and find out the first-aid drugs that may be on the patient.
B. Call the emergency center as soon as possible and send it to the hospital for emergency treatment. C. do artificial respiration.
1 1. Which foods are rich in iron? (ABCD)
A. pig blood B. pig liver C. auricularia D. jujube
12. What foods are rich in calcium? (AB)
A. Shrimp skin B. Milk C. Animal viscera D. Carrots
13. Which of the following foods is beneficial to lowering blood pressure? (AB)
A. coarse grains B. celery C. coffee D. strong tea
14. Which of the following is an unscientific diet? (ABCD)
A. Fried tofu with shallots B. Wash eggs with soybean milk
C. boiled eggs in tea D. scrambled eggs with monosodium glutamate
15. What are the early signs of cancer? (ABC)
A. Abnormal mass B. Intestinal bleeding C. Weight loss
16. What is a healthy lifestyle and behavior? (ABCDEF)
A. don't use towels and toiletries. B. Brush your teeth every day and rinse your mouth after meals.
Cover your nose and mouth when coughing or sneezing, and don't spit everywhere.
D. don't smoke in public places. E. Eat milk, beans and their products regularly.
F. Eat more vegetables, fruits and potatoes, and pay attention to the collocation of meat and vegetables.
17. What is a healthy lifestyle and behavior? (ABCDE)
A. don't abuse antibiotics. Don't eat food that has gone bad and expired.
C. Always open the window for ventilation D. The diet should be light and less salt.
E. raw and cooked food should be stored and treated separately.
18. What should hypertensive patients pay attention to when taking medicine? (ABC)
A. Combined medication B. Long-term medication C. Regular medication D. Intermittent withdrawal
19. What diseases can smoking cause? (ABCD)
A. Lung cancer B. Hypertension C. Coronary heart disease D. Laryngeal cancer
20. What foods should gout patients avoid? (ABCD)
A. beer B. seafood C. mutton D. animal offal
2 1. Green food refers to: (BCD)
A. the color of food is green. B. the ecological environment of raw materials is good.
The water and fertilizer for crop growth must be pollution-free and pollution-free.
D the product meets the requirements of the food hygiene law.
22. Family hygiene should reach: (ABCD)
A. the room is clean and airy. B. Bedclothes should be clean and washed frequently.
C. Cookware and utensils shall be clean, and raw and cooked utensils shall be separated. D. no Four evils?
23. Greening the environment: (ABCD)
A. absorb carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide and release oxygen B. absorb and retain dust.
C. Adjust the climate D. Beautify the environment, so that people can eliminate tension and improve work efficiency.
24. How many times a day do you brush your teeth? B
A. 1 times B.2 times
According to the latest survey based on a large number of people, people who brush their teeth less than twice a day are 7% more likely to suffer from cardiovascular diseases than those who brush their teeth more than twice. )
25. In which container is honey difficult to store? B
A. glass bottle B. tin can (honey is stored in a metal container, which is not only very easy to deteriorate, but also easy to cause poisoning after eating. Because honey contains organic acids and carbohydrates, some of these substances are converted into acetic acid under the action of enzymes. Acetic acid can corrode galvanized iron sheet, thus increasing the content of lead, zinc, iron and other metals in honey and making honey deteriorate. )
26. What is the exercise that can strengthen the cardiovascular system? A
A. aerobic exercise B. anaerobic exercise
Cardiovascular disease is a chronic disease caused by atherosclerosis. What is this? Lifestyle disease? Only by quitting smoking and limiting alcohol, balancing diet and strengthening exercise can we change the unhealthy lifestyle and achieve the goal of effective prevention. Aerobic exercise is an activity aimed at fitness and improving physical endurance, including walking, jogging, swimming, cycling, mountain climbing and so on. It is very helpful for the prevention of cardiovascular diseases. )
27. How to eat carrots is the most nutritious? A
A. Stewed meat B. Eat raw
Carrots are rich in carotene, which can be converted into vitamin A in human body, but oil must be mixed in this process of absorption and transformation by human body. So braised pork with carrot is a delicious and nutritious scientific cooking method. )
28. How often should the toothbrush be changed? B
6 months B.3 months
Generally speaking, the domestic toothbrushes currently on the market will bend after using l-3 months. Bending toothbrush bristles can not only clean food residues in teeth, but also scratch gums. Therefore, when the bristles are found to be bent, a new toothbrush should be replaced immediately. In addition, bacteria can easily remain in the toothbrush head that has been used for too long. So it is generally recommended to change the toothbrush at least once every three months. )
29. Which organ of the human body is most seriously damaged by long-term heavy drinking? B
A. Kidney B. Liver
The alcohol content of various wines is different. After alcohol enters the human body, only 65,438+00% is excreted from the stomach, and 90% is metabolized in the liver, which directly stimulates and damages liver cells. )
30. A low-salt diet is conducive to preventing hypertension. How much salt should not be used per person per day? 4 grams B.6 grams
Eating light and low-salt food is good for health. Epidemiological investigation shows that the intake of sodium is positively correlated with the incidence of hypertension, so it is not advisable to have too much salt. The World Health Organization recommends that the salt intake per person per day should not exceed 6 grams. )
3 1. Is it better to drink freshly squeezed juice or eat fruit? A
A. fruit juice
The sugar content of fruit juice is too high, but the dietary fiber content is seriously insufficient. )
32. Is it better to have a full meal or a little meal? B
A. have a good meal. B.eat more.
(eat more times. This can disperse calorie intake, stabilize blood sugar, increase insulin level evenly, and relieve physical stress, making people less tired. )
33. Which is more beneficial to the human body, eating apples or oranges? A
A. apples B. oranges
A study by the University of Nottingham found that eating more than five apples a week can significantly improve heart and lung function and greatly reduce asthma and asthma symptoms. )
34. Which is more beneficial to human body, tea or coffee? Coffee and tea
Both are refreshing, but tea contains more heart-friendly antioxidants, which can promote arterial health and prevent cancer. )
35. Which of the following meets the requirements of a healthy family eating environment? A
A. cooking with high blood pressure is light and low in salt. B. There is only one meal with vegetables a day (the prevalence rate is increasing year by year. In order to prevent this serious chronic disease, it is imperative to advocate a light and low-salt diet. )
36. Which of the following foods must be included in breakfast? It can be quickly converted into glucose in the body to provide energy for the brain. A
A. Grain B. Milk
Grains are rich in B vitamins, dietary fiber, plant protein and trace elements such as magnesium, potassium, phosphorus and iron. According to a survey conducted by the Nutrition Society of China, about 40% of China residents don't eat miscellaneous grains, and the consumption of cereals in their diet has obviously decreased. In fact, normal people need it every day
Ensure 300-500 grams of cereal nutrition intake, especially pay attention to breakfast cereal nutrition intake. )
37. Is it better to have breakfast (a) minutes after getting up?
20 minutes 10 minutes
Generally speaking, it is most appropriate to have breakfast 20~30 minutes after getting up. At this time, people's appetite is the strongest and digestion and absorption are at the best level. )
In order to keep healthy, it is best to do (b) moderate-intensity exercise every day? A. 1 hour B.30 minutes
If you don't exercise, your body's immunity will decline, and some diseases and viruses can't be effectively immunized, which will cause physical diseases. Science suggests that you exercise 1 hour every day. )
39. Milk is the best source of human body (A). A. Calcium B. Iron (Every 250 grams of milk contains more than 250 mg of calcium, rich in potassium and magnesium, and also contains vitamin D, lactose and essential amino acids to promote calcium absorption. )
40. What is the best difference between three meals a day? B
A.4~5 hours B.5~6 hours
The human body must wait for the stomach to digest all the food and feel hungry again before eating. Food usually stays in the stomach for 5-6 hours, which means there must be an interval of about 5-6 hours between meals. )
Top ten healthy recipes for the elderly
1. Eat more rice and supplement nutrition with snacks.
Because of poor chewing and swallowing ability, the elderly often can't eat much at a meal and eat for a long time. In order to get enough calories and nutrition for the elderly every day, nutritionists suggest that the elderly eat 5-6 meals a day, and prepare some simple snacks between meals, such as low-fat milk biscuits (or nutritious oatmeal), low-fat milk oatmeal, old people or tofu pudding, soybean milk and eggs, or mix small pieces of fruit or fruit paste with yogurt.
2. Replace some animal proteins with bean products; The elderly must limit the intake of meat, and some protein sources should be replaced by beans and bean products (such as tofu and soybean milk). In the diet of the elderly, each dinner should contain at least 170g of high-quality protein (such as lean meat, fish, eggs, tofu, etc. Vegetarians should get high-quality protein from beans and nuts (peanuts, walnuts, almonds, cashews, etc.). ).
3. Add vegetables to the staple food and cook together. In order to facilitate the elderly to chew, try to choose soft vegetables, such as tomatoes, loofah, wax gourd, pumpkin, eggplant and tender leaves of green leafy vegetables, and cut them into small pieces or plane them into filaments before cooking. If the elderly usually take porridge or noodle soup as their staple food, they can add 1 ~ 2 kinds of vegetables to cook together every time, and ensure that they eat at least 500 grams of vegetables every day.
Eating 350 grams of fruit every day is a food that the elderly often ignore.
Some soft fruits, such as bananas, watermelons, peaches, papayas, mangoes and kiwis, are very suitable for the elderly. You can slice the fruit or scrape it into mud with a spoon. If you want to make juice, you must pay attention to controlling the amount. You can add some water to dilute it when making juice.
Vitamin b supplement.
Recent studies have gradually shown that vitamin B is closely related to cardiovascular diseases, kidney diseases, cataracts, brain function degradation (cognition and memory) and mental health that are prone to occur in the elderly. No matter getting sick, taking medicine or after surgery, it will cause a lot of loss of vitamin B, so for the sick elderly, special attention should be paid to vitamin B supplementation. Raw grains and nuts are rich in vitamin B, so when preparing three meals for the elderly, you might as well add some brown rice and germ. You should cook porridge with white rice, or break a small amount of nuts into powder in a blender and add them to oatmeal to cook oatmeal.
Restrict oil intake
The elderly should mainly eat vegetable oil, avoid fat, animal fat, lard and butter, fry less and cook less food. In addition, the fat content of desserts and cakes is also high, and the elderly should try to eat less such high-fat snacks. Polyunsaturated fats (such as corn oil and sunflower oil) and monounsaturated fats (such as olive oil and peanut oil) are best eaten alternately to absorb various fatty acids in a balanced way.
7. Add less salt, monosodium glutamate and soy sauce, and make good use of other seasoning methods. Old people who are not sensitive to taste often feel tasteless when eating. When food comes up, salt is suddenly added, which is easy to ingest too much sodium and bury the hidden danger of high blood pressure. You can make more use of some fragrant vegetables, such as coriander, mushrooms and onions, to scramble eggs or make soup and porridge. The use of white vinegar, fruit vinegar, lemon juice, orange juice or pineapple can also change the taste of food. Use some Chinese herbal medicines, especially strong-smelling angelica, cinnamon, spiced, star anise or sweet wolfberry and red dates, instead of salt or soy sauce. The strong taste will help to arouse the appetite of the elderly.
8. Eat less spicy food
Although spicy spices can arouse appetite, eating more of these foods can easily lead to imbalance of water and electrolyte in the body, dry mouth, irritability and poor sleep, so it is advisable to eat less.
9. Add more water during the day
Many elderly people don't drink much water all day because they are worried about urinary incontinence or frequent toilet trips at night. In fact, the elderly should be encouraged to drink more boiled water during the day, or make some herbal tea (try not to put sugar) to change their taste, but drink less sugary drinks. Drink less water after meals to avoid going to the toilet at night and affecting sleep.
10. There are great differences among the elderly who take a multivitamin supplement every day, and different elderly people need different nutrients after taking the medicine for a long time. It is the most basic and safest way to strengthen nutrition for the elderly to take a variety of vitamin supplements every day, especially vitamin B supplements, antioxidant vitamins C and E, calcium to maintain bones, zinc to enhance immunity, etc. Don't take high-dose single supplements without authorization, especially fat-soluble vitamins A, D and E. If you eat too much, it will accumulate in the body and even cause toxicity.
Healthy diet for the elderly
1, the diet should be light
The food should be light, not heavy. It is recommended that the daily salt content should not exceed 6 grams. Suggest the food composition of the elderly for one day: cereal 150? Fish, shrimp, lean meat 250g, 100g, beans and their products 50g, fresh vegetables 300g, fresh fruits 250g, milk 250g, edible oil 30g, salt 6g and sugar 25g. Drink less and drink more water.
2, food should be mixed
No food can contain all kinds of nutrients needed by human body. Therefore, we should eat cereals, fruits and vegetables, bacteria and algae every day, and pay attention to the collocation, thickness, color, taste and dryness of meat and vegetables.
3. Slow down.
Chewing slowly is good for digestion and absorption. Pay more attention, especially when eating fish. Fish is easy to chew, digest and absorb because of its tender meat. Protein content is high; Low fat content and other advantages, it is the first choice food for the elderly. However, due to the problem of fishbone, the consumption of many elderly people is limited. To solve this problem, we must first choose fish with fewer fishbones. When eating fish, it is best not to eat it with rice and steamed bread at the same time.
4, the quality should be high
High quality does not mean high price. For example, bean products, eggs and milk are all high-quality foods, and the elderly should eat them often. Also pay attention to eating more fish and less meat. The main sources of sugar are staple food and fruits and vegetables. Try to reduce the consumption of refined sugar such as white sugar, brown sugar and granulated sugar.
5. Fruits and vegetables should be fresh
Fresh colored fruits and vegetables are rich in vitamins, minerals and dietary fiber, and fruits are also rich in organic acids, which can stimulate appetite and maintain the acid-base balance of body fluids.
Step 6 drink plenty of water
Old people are not as sensitive to thirst as young people, so to drink more water consciously, you can choose light tea or boiled water. Never wait until you are thirsty, lest you be short of water. Lack of water can lead to constipation and metabolic disorder in the elderly.
7. Food should be fragrant
Old people's appetite is reduced, so they should pay more attention to the preparation of food and pay attention to the allocation of color, fragrance, taste and shape. In addition, an elegant, quiet and tidy dining environment; Dining in groups or groups can improve the elderly's interest in eating.
8. The quantity should be small.
If you want to be healthy, you must be hungry and cold. Old people should eat a variety of foods, but the amount of each food should not be too much, and each meal should be seven or eight points full.
9, the texture should be soft
Old people can't digest and absorb food well, so the food is soft and rotten, and cooking methods such as steaming, boiling, stewing and stewing can be used. Choose foods with coarse fiber that are not suitable for chewing, such as fish with short fiber and tender meat; Milk, eggs and bean products are the best choices.
10, the temperature should be hot
The best digestion and absorption process of food is carried out at a temperature close to body temperature. Old people have poor resistance to cold. Once they eat cold and hard food, it will affect digestion and absorption, and even cause intestinal diseases. Therefore, the food for the elderly is mainly warm.