1, unclean sex affects the cervix.
Miss Chen, 32, is an ordinary civil servant with a loving husband and lovely children. Her family life can be described as happiness. However, she didn't go to the hospital, although she had been bleeding in the same room for the past two years. For nearly half a month, there have been unexplained female private parts bleeding and smelly. She hurried to the local hospital for gynecological treatment. After examination, she found a cauliflower-like tumor in the cervix and contact bleeding. It was further diagnosed as differentiated squamous cell carcinoma in cervix.
With the liberation of sexual concept, the age of female sexual history tends to be younger. I still remember that in the previous interview, the doctor mentioned that a girl of 14 years old had two operating tables in the rainy season (what operation? Is it an ectopic pregnancy? Please add). However, this will not only lead to her infertility in the future, but also lead to human papillomavirus infection and cervical cancer because of premature sexual life and careless protection of sexual life.
Peng Ping said, "Cervical cancer can be said to be an infectious disease, which is closely related to the persistent infection of high-risk human papillomavirus." Therefore, experts suggest that women who have had sex for more than three years should have a cervical cytological examination once a year to screen for cervical cancer, because external contact (mainly through sexual contact) may infect human papillomavirus, which may cause abnormal cell development after long-term stimulation. Generally speaking, it takes 5- 10 years for human papillomavirus infection to develop into CIN (cervical intraepithelial neoplasia) and cervical cancer.
Studies have shown that the imprecision of sexual life is one of the high-risk factors affecting the incidence of cervical cancer. Among them, sexual life is premature (reference16; ; ; ; The incidence of cervical cancer in women who have sex before the age of 65 is 16 because their cervical tissue cells are immature and fragile and sensitive to external carcinogens and cancer-promoting substances. ; ; ; /kloc-women who start having sex after the age of 0/8 are ten times higher. Women who frequently change sexual partners will produce a sperm antibody after sperm enters the female private parts, which usually disappears in about 4 months. If there are many sexual partners and frequent sexual intercourse, then a variety of antibodies (foreign proteins) will be produced, which will enter the female body in a short time, thus interfering with the antibody reaction that produces sperm, so it is easy to suffer from cervical cancer.
Unhealthy sexual behavior is also one of the main causes of cervical cancer. The survey shows that most of the spouses of patients with cervical cancer have various sexual histories, including gonorrhea and genital herpes. The prevalence of cervical cancer in women whose spouses often use condoms is lower. In addition, smoking, prolificacy, long-term use of contraceptives, neglect of personal hygiene in women's private parts, childbirth and abortion are also "powerful promoters" of the rising incidence of cervical cancer.
2. Cervical examination
Xiaoying, 2 1 year-old, was diagnosed with cervical cancer when she came to the hospital for gynecological examination, and lost her gorgeous sunshine. In August last year, at the doctor's suggestion, the family decided to have an operation after discussion to remove the local affected part of Miss Huang's cervix. Fortunately, local cervical excision preserved Miss Huang's uterine body, that is to say, retained her reproductive function. "But due to the loss of the cervix, the fertility will decline, and it is necessary to use assisted reproductive means such as IVF." The doctor suggested.
The treatment of cervical cancer is divided into CIN treatment and invasive cancer treatment. CIN refers to cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, which belongs to cervical precancerous lesions, including cervical atypical hyperplasia and cervical carcinoma in situ. Because precancerous lesions are reversible for a long time, early cervical precancerous lesions can be treated with local physical therapy and drugs to improve the local immunity of the cervix. Invasive cancer is the last stage of cancer development trilogy (precancerous lesion-carcinoma in situ-invasive cancer). Cervical carcinoma in situ and early invasive carcinoma can be treated by local excision, which is the most effective treatment at present and the most ideal period for clinicians to treat tumors. Advanced cervical cancer needs comprehensive treatment through surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, which is relatively harmful to human body.
Many people will have a fear of cancer, thinking that having cancer means that life is not long. "As long as early detection and early treatment are achieved, cancer is not terrible." Peng Ping told the reporter, "Three steps are recommended for cervical cancer screening: cervical scraping → microscopic biopsy of female private parts → cervical conization."
At present, the main method for screening cervical cancer is cervical scraping (cervical exfoliated cell smear examination) to find out whether there are abnormal cells in the cervix. Endoscopic biopsy of female private parts is an effective method to further diagnose cervical lesions after cervical curettage examination finds abnormalities. Cervical conization is the last step of the three-step method, which has the dual functions of treatment and further diagnosis. It is the most reliable and indispensable method to diagnose cervical precancerous lesions and minimally invasive cervical cancer.
Finally, Peng Ping reminded everyone: "Generally speaking, the screening of cervical cancer is step by step according to the three-step method. It is not standard and immoral for some doctors to do cervical conization directly for the benefit of screening subjects. "
3. Early symptoms of cervical cancer
1, the secretion of female private parts increased. Most patients with cervical cancer have increased secretion of female private parts to varying degrees. In the early stage, the existence of cancer stimulates excessive secretion of cervical glands, resulting in mucinous leucorrhea. With the development of cancer, cancer tissue necrosis, secondary infection, leucorrhea becomes turbid, such as watery rice or purulent blood, with a special stench.
2. Irregular bleeding in female private parts. The early manifestations are a small amount of bloody leucorrhea and contact with female private parts bleeding, and patients often come to see a doctor because of a small amount of bleeding in the female private parts after the same room or defecation. Attention should be paid to finding the causes of postmenopausal bleeding in female private parts. The bleeding in the private parts of women with cervical cancer is often irregular, usually less first and then more, sometimes more and less. Cauliflower-type bleeding occurs early and has a large amount. After advanced cancer erodes large blood vessels, it will cause a lot of fatal bleeding in female private parts. Patients often suffer from anemia due to repeated bleeding for a long time.
3. Pain is a symptom of advanced cervical cancer. The main cause of pain is the infiltration or oppression of pelvic nerve by cancer. Other causes of pain are: cervical canal blocked by cancer, poor drainage of secretions in uterine cavity or lower abdominal pain when uterine cavity accumulates pus; Cancer invades the tissues around the uterus. When the ureter is compressed or infiltrated, it can cause hydronephrosis of the ureter or renal pelvis and ureter, resulting in spasmodic swelling or severe pain on one or both sides of the lower abdomen. When the tumor compresses iliac lymph and iliac blood vessels and hinders reflux, swelling and pain of lower limbs may occur.