The police in China include the Armed Police and the People's Police. Armed police is the full name of the Chinese people's armed police force. It is a part of the people's armed forces of China, and it is a force entrusted by the state to undertake security tasks. It is under the dual leadership of the State Council and the Central Military Commission. The Armed Police Force is divided into three categories, namely, the internal security forces directly led and managed by the Armed Police Headquarters, the forces under the dual leadership of the relevant business departments of the State Council and the Armed Police Headquarters (gold, water and electricity, transportation and forest) and the forces under the management of the public security departments (frontier defense, fire fighting and security). The officers and men of the Armed Police Force are soldiers, and the system of rank of general, captain, non-commissioned officer and soldier is implemented. The main color of the dress is olive green. The people's police is a national civil servant, and the system of ranks of captain, police inspector, superintendent and police officer is implemented. The main color of clothing is dark blue. It should be pointed out that the third type of armed police (frontier defense, fire fighting, guards) is managed by the public security department, so it can be included in the category of "public security". The police ranks of the people's police are divided into five grades and thirteen grades, namely 1, the general police rank and the deputy police rank; 2, the public security bureau chief (level 1, level 2, level 3); 3. Police inspector (level 1, level 2 and level 3); 4. Superintendent (level I, II and III); 5. Police officers (Grade I and II). The police rank of the people's police who hold professional and technical positions is preceded by "professional technology".
organize personnel
The people's police carry out police ranks and prepare police ranks. The people's police who hold administrative posts are awarded the following police ranks: 1, ministerial level: commissioner general; 2. Deputy Minister: Deputy Commissioner-General; 3. Office (bureau) level chief: from the first-level police inspector to the second-level police inspector; 4. Deputies at department (bureau) level: level 2 to level 3 police commissioners; 5. Office (bureau) level chief: from the third-level police inspector to the second-level police inspector; 6. Deputies at department (bureau) level: first-class police inspector to third-class police inspector; 7. Office (bureau) level chief: first-class police inspector to first-class superintendent; 8. Deputies at department (bureau) level: second-class police inspector to second-class superintendent; 9. Clerk (sheriff) position: from the third-level police inspector to the third-level police inspector; 10, clerk (police officer) position: first-class superintendent to second-class police officer. The people's police who hold professional and technical positions are awarded the following police ranks: 1, and senior professional and technical positions: first-class police Commissioner to second-class police inspector; 2. Intermediate professional and technical positions: first-class police inspector to second-class police inspector; 3. Junior professional and technical positions: from the third-class police inspector to the first-class police officer.
Style and wearing of police rank marks
After the People's Police renewed the uniform of "1999", the badge style was: commissioner general and Deputy commissioner general's badge consisted of a silver olive branch surrounded by a silver national emblem. Among them, the Commissioner-General's badge is decorated with the national emblem, surrounded by an olive branch for a week, and the Deputy Commissioner's badge is decorated with the national emblem, surrounded by an olive branch for half a week. The rank badge of a captain consists of a silver olive branch and a silver four-pointed star flower. Among them, there are three four-pointed stars nailed to the badge of the first-class police Commissioner; Two four-pointed star flowers are nailed to the badge of the second-level police Commissioner; There is a four-pointed star flower nailed to the badge of the third-class captain. The badges of police supervisors and superintendents consist of silver stripes and silver four-pointed stars. Among them, the police inspector badge is nailed with two horizontal bars, the first-level police inspector badge is nailed with three four-corner star flowers, the second-level police inspector badge is nailed with two four-corner star flowers, and the third-level police inspector badge is nailed with one four-corner star flower. The rank symbol of superintendent is nailed with horizontal bar, the rank symbol of first-class superintendent is nailed with three four-corner star flowers, the rank symbol of second-class superintendent is nailed with two four-corner star flowers, and the rank symbol of third-class superintendent is nailed with one four-corner star flower. The police rank symbol consists of silver four-corner star flowers. Among them, the badge of the first-class police officer is nailed with two four-pointed stars; The badge of the second-class police officer is nailed with a four-pointed star flower. The police rank badge is worn on the epaulettes. The epaulettes of the people's police in administrative positions are navy blue, and those of the people's police in professional and technical positions are blue-gray
The duties of the people's police
According to Article 6 of the People's Police Law of the People's Republic of China, the people's police of public security organs shall perform the following duties according to the division of responsibilities: 1. To prevent, stop and investigate illegal and criminal activities; Second, maintain social order and stop acts that endanger social order; Third, maintain traffic safety and traffic order and deal with traffic accidents; Four, organize the implementation of fire control work, the implementation of fire supervision; Five, the management of firearms and ammunition, knives and flammable, explosive, toxic, radioactive and other dangerous goods; Six, the management of special industries as stipulated by laws and regulations; Seven, guard the specific personnel stipulated by the state, guard important places and facilities; 8. Manage assemblies, processions and demonstrations; Nine, the management of household administration, nationality, entry and exit affairs and foreigners' residence and travel in China; Ten, to maintain public order in the country (border) area; 1 1. To execute criminal punishments for criminals sentenced to public surveillance, criminal detention or deprivation of political rights and criminals executed outside prison, and to supervise and inspect criminals who have been declared suspended or paroled; Twelve, supervision and management of computer information system security protection work; Thirteen, guide and supervise the public security work of state organs, social organizations, enterprises and institutions and key construction projects, and guide the public security work of mass organizations such as public security committees; Other duties as prescribed by laws and regulations.
(1) General practitioners/family doctors should have the following characteristics: 1, comprehensive knowledge: besides sociology, psychology, political science, law, socio-economics and even religion, general practitioners should also master comprehensive clinical medicine foundation and basic knowledge to solve various problems of individuals, various physical and mental diseases and health and hygiene problems of groups. 2. Noble quality: General practitioners shoulder the burden of life-cycle medical care, have a high sense of responsibility and sympathy for everyone, always stand in a fair position on every issue, and often encounter some thorny problems. They must have a cool head, a good ideological realm, and even the wisdom of politicians. They must have an insight into what they have experienced, adjust people's emotions, and make people feel relatively calm, comfortable in life, comfortable in work and happy in spirit. Therefore, in addition to good medical talents, we must also have noble moral character and good cultivation, and general practitioners need to keep making progress all their lives. 3. Rich life experience: General practitioners are faced with the problem that diseases and life are intertwined, which is a combination of medical knowledge, social common sense and humanistic knowledge. They live in the community, closest to residents, not in high-walled hospitals, but interfere with individuals and families from time to time, so they can best understand people's living conditions, wishes and family conditions, and gain and summarize rich life experiences from practice. It is precisely because of these that they enrich their minds, give them a deep understanding of problems and have a strong ability to solve problems. 4. Excellent management skills: General practitioners take patients as the center, safeguard patients' interests, observe and manage personal and family problems in the community at a higher level, monitor the health status of the whole community, propose intervention measures at any time, and negotiate with relevant departments (government, enterprises, charity and other departments). It is necessary to carry out detailed business, personnel and economic management of his own job, so he has shown excellent management ability in his work, and only with this ability can he become an excellent general practitioner. Because of the excellent management of medical treatment and medical expenses by general practitioners, they have won the professional title of "gatekeeper" in medical treatment. 5. Persevering scientific spirit: With the continuous updating of knowledge and the increasing medical needs of people, in order to meet the needs of communities and individuals, general practitioners must constantly study and study various disciplines. Only with a modest style and rigorous scientific attitude can they tirelessly study the ever-changing scientific and social knowledge, so as to deal with the health problems of the community and people and become qualified general practitioners. (2) Business scope of general practitioners/family doctors 1. Outpatient treatment of common diseases, frequently-occurring diseases and general emergencies; 2. Pre-hospital treatment of critical emergencies; 3. Psychological counseling and dealing with personal and family problems; 4. Management and treatment of infectious diseases; 5. Set up a family sickbed to treat family patients at home; 6. Home visits or convenience services for the elderly; 7, maternal and child health care, health care for the elderly; 8. Health education and health promotion; 9, community health management, including disease monitoring (endemic diseases, occupational diseases, infectious diseases, frequently-occurring diseases), multiple risk factors investigation, food hygiene, public hazards and other management; 10, coordinating patient referral, consultation, consulting experts and medical assistance and support; 1 1, community people have regular health checkups; 12, managed by this department; 13, personal study, advanced academic exchanges, conferences, etc. It can be seen that general practitioners are doctors with general training and primary health care expertise. See 1. A general practitioner can probably manage 1, 000-3,000 people. He cooperated with experts to complete the prevention and treatment of primary, secondary and tertiary medical care. According to the research of the World Health Organization, the ratio of general practitioners to specialists in the medical system is 1: 1, while some countries think that there are more general practitioners. The difference between general practitioners and specialists
General practitioner expert
Medical scope 1-2 level prevention, mainly 2-3 level prevention.
It is difficult to classify common frequently-occurring diseases and early undifferentiated diseases, and the condition is serious.
Medical model, biopsychosocial medical model, biomedical model
Population target: the general population classified by sex, age and disease population.
A clinic or other local hospital that receives patients.
The medical viewpoint focuses on people and diseases.
Provide services for all diseases and health problems and special diseases.
Need to set up simple medical devices, complete sets of medical devices.
Diagnostic means, clinical skills, instrument dependence, diagnostic means.
Responsible for the whole process, only responsible for local diseases when seeking medical treatment.
Equal status of doctors and patients, authoritative guidance of cooperation.
Close doctor-patient relationship, friendship, loose agreement, no agreement
Professional characteristics of lawyers
The basic characteristics of the lawyer profession are. Have the necessary legal expertise. To provide legal services as its function. Protected and managed by the state. Lawyers are people who have obtained professional qualifications through national examinations, and lawyers are protected and managed by the state.
Characteristics of teachers' profession
Teachers' professional characteristics not only have the color of historical inheritance, but also reflect the influence of the times. On the whole, the characteristics of teachers' professional special teachers in contemporary China are as follows: First, the quasi-publicity of professional image. Although teachers are not completely public figures like politicians and artists, they are also concerned by students, parents and communities, so they must be good at shaping and maintaining their positive images. Second, the occupational environment is relatively closed. Thirdly, the fuzziness of job performance. Fourth, professional benefits. Teachers' labor achievements can not be measured by economic indicators, and teachers' labor treatment is also quite welfare. The so-called welfare means that the treatment of teachers is relatively low and the treatment of teachers is relatively stable. Fifth, the implicit inequality between teachers and students. Although from a legal point of view, teachers and students are equal subjects of rights and obligations; From the ideal pursuit of education, teachers and students should also become equal interlocutors. However, in practice, due to the influence of traditional ideas, especially the advantages of teachers in physical strength, intelligence, knowledge and social status, the relationship between teachers and students is naturally unequal. This kind of inequality may be something that many people are afraid or unwilling to admit, but it is extremely hidden and stubborn.
Professional requirements of teachers
Be proud of your love and dedication, and be ashamed of being perfunctory. Be proud of pioneering and innovating, and be ashamed of being conformist. Proud of being diligent and knowledgeable, ashamed of being lazy and superficial. Proud of caring for students, ashamed of ignoring students. Be proud of being honest in teaching and ashamed of being selfish in your post. Be proud of teaching students in accordance with their aptitude, and be ashamed of the sameness. We are proud of unity and cooperation, and ashamed of harming others and benefiting ourselves. I am proud of my dignified appearance and ashamed of my untidiness. Be proud of respecting students and be ashamed of insulting them.