Diarrhea of piglets in delivery room is common and frequent, and its main manifestations are: diarrhea, emaciation, dehydration, coarseness, exhaustion and death; The dead pig's skin is pale or dark red, rash or sporadic, and the treatment effect is poor. Etiology can be divided into infectious factors and non-infectious factors. Infection factors mainly include: coronavirus or rotavirus infection, Escherichia coli infection, Clostridium perfringens infection, pig coccidia infection, salmonella infection and pig dysentery; Non-infectious factors are common in the symptoms of hypoglycemia and diarrhea in piglets caused by sudden temperature change, lack of milk in sows or lack of milk.
1. What are the symptoms in the delivery room that can be judged as piglet diarrhea?
Clinical symptoms: pale and dehydrated body surface infected by Escherichia coli; The course of coccidia infection or rotavirus infection is slightly longer, and the hair is rough and sparse; Vomiting and dehydration can be seen in epidemic diarrhea. Swine dysentery usually does not show signs of dehydration. Hypoglycemia is characterized by weakness, hypothermia and neurological symptoms; Epidemic diarrhea, infectious gastroenteritis and hemagglutination encephalomyelitis can cause obvious vomiting symptoms. Escherichia coli and Clostridium can infect newborn piglets, causing diarrhea for 1-2 days; Coccidiosis in pigs often occurs at 1 week. Coronavirus can cause infectious gastroenteritis in piglets around 1 week. Swine dysentery mostly occurs at 2 weeks old; Salmonella is common for more than 3 weeks.
Feces: The quantity, shape, texture, color and acidity of feces are also helpful for the identification of diseases. For example, infectious gastroenteritis is infected with watery feces, which has a fishy smell and is acidic; Rotavirus-infected feces are watery or mushy, often mixed with undigested curd and acidic substances. The feces infected by coccidia are grayish yellow paste or watery, smelly and alkaline. The feces infected by E.coli are yellow-white, with water bubbles, foul smell and alkalinity. Swine dysentery can be seen in watery bloody stool.
Incidence: Generally speaking, the incidence of viral diarrhea is higher than that of bacterial diarrhea. For example, the incidence and mortality of infectious gastroenteritis in piglets caused by coronavirus infection can reach100%; The incidence of rotavirus infection is generally lower than 40%, and the mortality is lower than 10%. Clostridium perfringens infects several hair diseases in each nest, and most of them occur alone. Swine dysentery is scattered in the nest. In addition, understanding the immune status and past medical history of pigs is also helpful for differential diagnosis.
Secondly, analyze all kinds of conditions that lead to diarrhea of piglets in delivery room.
Escherichia coli diarrhea in piglet delivery room is a common diarrhea disease in delivery room, which belongs to one of maternal vertical transmission diseases and is more common in pig farms with poor feeding management and poor environmental conditions. Doing well the perinatal care of sows is one of the effective prevention and control measures. Single Escherichia coli infection can achieve good therapeutic effect through drug treatment.
In addition to bacterial factors (e. coli, etc. ), piglet diarrhea in delivery room is also affected by virus infection and mycotoxin poisoning. The detection of swine fever infection by autopsy and laboratory diagnosis strongly proves the complexity of the pathogen of diarrhea in piglets in delivery room. If the drug treatment effect is not good, viral infection is behind the scenes.
Why is there still virus infection after immunization with classical swine fever? Excluding factors such as vaccine quality and immune procedure, immunosuppression is the internal cause of immune failure. Professor Yang once said: "No matter whether it is ordinary piglets with maternal antibodies or SPF piglets, after being infected with Beijing isolate BJ-4, compared with the group vaccinated with classical swine fever vaccine alone, the antibody production is seriously inhibited." In the laboratory diagnosis of the above diseases, it is also proved that blue ear disease is positive, so the author thinks that it may be due to immunosuppressive factors such as blue ear disease in pig farms, which makes the immunity of classical swine fever fail, thus leading to mild onset of classical swine fever. At present, pig diseases are very complicated and abnormal, especially piglet diarrhea syndrome in the delivery room of large-scale pig farms. In recent years, the morbidity and mortality of pigs are very high, which has become one of the key diseases in pig farms. The author suggests that in the process of prevention and control, we should not simply aim at treating diarrhea, but catch the black hand behind the scenes, and comprehensive prevention and control will have good results. In actual production, sows should be strictly immunized against blue ear disease, circovirus disease, swine fever and pseudorabies, and the feeding of piglets in delivery room should be strictly managed to reduce or control the diarrhea of piglets in delivery room.
Third, the solution
1. The temperature regulation system of newborn piglets is not perfect, which requires high ambient temperature. The temperature in the piglet incubator should be above 25℃ (the temperature of newborn piglets should be slightly higher than 30℃), and the delivery bed should be kept dry and comfortable.
2. Do a good job of sanitation and cleaning around the delivery bed and the fence, and at the same time, choose appropriate disinfectants (such as potassium persulfate and peracetic acid) to configure disinfection water according to the instructions and actual conditions to thoroughly disinfect the fence. Disinfect the breasts and vulva of sows before delivery, and disinfect the teeth, navel and tail of piglets to prevent infection. Disinfectants should be replaced regularly to make them effective.
3. Diarrhea can cause dehydration acidosis and ion imbalance, so sick pigs often die. Supplementing appropriate electrolyte solution is the key to treatment. Rehydration salt (3.5g NaCl, 32.5g nahco, 1.5g KCl and 20g glucose in warm water) can be dissolved in warm water for piglets to drink. Severe dehydration patients were injected with glucose and sodium chloride solution intraperitoneally.
4. Strengthen the management of sow feeding. The quality of breast milk is an important factor affecting the health of piglets. You can add Bailiwang, Zhu Bao, Sairuwang and other sows for health care, enhance physical fitness, promote lactation, deliver more nutrition, and improve the physical function of piglets. Reduce sick children and improve economic benefits.