There have been many extended meanings, such as the national financial troika, the national economic troika, the world economic troika, the German football troika, the NBA Spurs troika, and the Soviet Red Army troika.
1, national finance troika
Taxation, national debt and issuing currency.
The state can control the rhythm of the economy by issuing money, or redistribute social wealth by relying on taxes, and the state can also raise funds by borrowing money. But these three kinds of state power have strict control scope and insurmountable red line. Once these three powers are abused, it will threaten the relationship between the people and the government, the currency of this country will encounter a credit crisis and the country will face bankruptcy.
2. Troika of economic growth
Investment, consumption and export.
From the perspective of expenditure, GDP is the sum of final demand-investment, consumption and net exports. Therefore, investment, consumption and export are often compared to the "troika" that drives GDP growth in economics, which is the most vivid expression of the principle of economic growth.
Extended data:
China's economic growth has gradually shifted from the old troika (investment, consumption and net export) to the new troika (new investment, new consumption and the Belt and Road Initiative).
New investment mainly refers to public consumption-oriented basic investment and industrial transformation and upgrading. It mainly includes three aspects:
1. Public consumption-oriented basic investment, including high-speed rail, subway, urban infrastructure, disaster prevention and relief, rural garbage and water treatment, air quality improvement, public housing construction, etc. The investment includes information power grid, oil and gas network, clean energy, energy and mineral resources protection, ecological environment protection, transportation, food and water conservancy, and health care services for the elderly.
The inclusion of major engineering package projects should be mainly based on: it has overall, basic and strategic significance for economic and social development and is conducive to the formation of new economic growth points; It is conducive to adjusting the structure, filling shortcomings, strengthening the construction of weak links, and increasing the supply of public goods and services; Conforming to the national industrial policy; There is a certain working foundation, and it can be promoted as soon as possible by increasing the intensity of work.
Second, the greening of existing production capacity and industrial transformation and upgrading. Only five major energy-consuming industries (non-ferrous metals, steel, electric power, chemical industry and building materials) need about ten years to update the production capacity with high pollution and high energy consumption, and drive GDP growth 1% every year. With the arrival of aging population, the burden of brain diseases in China may reach one trillion yuan per year.
Under the guidance of "Healthy Brain", we focus on the prevention and treatment of neurodevelopmental diseases, mental diseases and neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease. At the same time, we will promote the leap-forward development of artificial intelligence, aim at cutting-edge technologies, and lay out key areas, such as intelligent human-computer interaction, autonomous driving, big data analysis and prediction technology, intelligent medical diagnosis, intelligent unmanned aerial vehicle and other technologies.
Third, the development of the pension industry needs a lot of investment. Pension industry is a new industry developed with the aging population. It is a comprehensive industrial system that provides products or services for the elderly and meets their needs of food, clothing, housing, transportation and spiritual culture, including the manufacturing and retail of articles for the elderly, the real estate industry for the aged, the service industry for the aged at home and the medical service industry for the aged.
Endowment insurance financing industry, endowment education service industry, endowment spiritual culture and entertainment industry, endowment personnel training industry, etc. At present, enterprises have overcapacity and enterprises are under-employed. On the other hand, the aging products urgently needed by society have not been produced. Developing the old-age care industry is also the key to solve the problem of China's capacity escape sequence.
People's Daily Online-Special Attention: The "New Troika" of China's Economic Growth
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