Buy horses in the east market and saddles in the west market (stone) (m ǐ i) (ān) (mǐ22；; ), buy a halter (pèi) in the south and a whip in the north. Say goodbye to parents and go to the Yellow River at dusk. I didn't hear my parents calling for a female voice, but I heard the Yellow River splashing. But bid farewell to the Yellow River and stay in Montenegro at dusk. I didn't hear my parents calling for women, but I heard Hu Qi chirping in Yanshan Mountain.
Wan Li to Rongji, the mountain is flying. New Qi Chuan Jin Yan, cold light iron clothes. The general died in battle, and the strong man returned in ten years.
See you later, the son of heaven is sitting in the hall. Policy (cè) training (xūn) twelve turns, awarded to the top 100. Khan asked him what he wanted, and Mulan didn't need Shang Shulang. I am willing to send my son back to his hometown.
When parents heard that their daughter was coming, they went out to help Guo. Sister (zǐ) heard that her sister was coming, so she took care of her red makeup. When I heard my sister (zǐ) coming, I sharpened my knife at pigs and sheep. Open my East Pavilion door and sit on my West Pavilion bed. Take off my wartime robe and put on my old clothes. When the window is decorated with clouds and temples, the mirror is painted yellow. When you go out to meet your partner, your partner is scared. After traveling together for twelve years, I didn't know Mulan was a girl!
The male rabbit's feet are confused and the female rabbit's eyes are blurred. When two rabbits walk on the ground, Ann can tell whether I am a male or a female.
Translation:
One sigh after another, Miss Mulan walked back and forth at the door. The loom stopped, the loom stopped, and only the girl sighed. Ask the girl with such a sigh, what are you thinking? (Mulan answers) Girl, I didn't miss anything. I saw the conscription documents last night and learned that the king was recruiting a large number of soldiers. There are so many conscription documents, each with his father's name on it. My father has no adult son, and Mulan has no brother. I am willing to buy saddles and horses instead of my father from now on and apply for them.
Buy horses in the east market, saddles and cushions under saddles in the west market, chews and reins in the south market and whips in the north market. In the morning, I said goodbye to my parents and set off. In the evening, I camped by the Yellow River. I can't hear my parents calling for my daughter, but I can only hear the rushing of the Yellow River. In the morning, I bid farewell to the Yellow River and set off. In the evening, I arrived at Heishan Mountain. I can't hear my parents calling for my daughter, but I can only hear the chirping of Hu Bing's war horses in Yanshan.
March Wan Li to the battlefield, cross the pass, climb mountains and mountains, as fast as flying. In the cold wind in the north, there was the sound of fighting, and the cold moonlight reflected the soldiers' armored shirts. After countless battles, the soldiers won ten years later.
When he returned victorious, he appeared in front of the emperor, who was sitting in the palace. Mulan, who was awarded the title of meritorious service, was the highest and won more than a thousand gold. The son of heaven asked Mulan what she wanted. Mulan doesn't want to be an official like Shang. She wants to ride a good camel and send me back to my hometown with its feet.
Parents heard that their daughter was back and helped each other to meet her outside the city; When my sister heard that she was back, she dressed up in front of the door. My brother heard that my sister came back and was busy sharpening the knife and killing pigs and sheep. Open the door in the east of my boudoir, sit on the bed in the west of my boudoir, take off my shirt, put on my former girl's clothes, arrange my hair as soft as a dark cloud in front of the window, and stick a yellow flower on my forehead in front of the mirror. When I went out to meet my comrades, they were all surprised. They all said that we had traveled together for twelve years and didn't even know Mulan was a girl.
Male rabbits like to scratch their feet, while female rabbits always squint. When they run next to each other on the ground, how can they tell who is male and who is female?
China Northern Dynasties' Long Narrative Yuefu Folk Songs. Also known as Mulan Ci. This is the first time that Chen Shizhi recorded it in the History of Ancient and Modern Music. Guo Maoqian's Yuefu Poems in Song Dynasty. It is generally considered to be a folk work created during the Rouran War in the Northern Wei Dynasty. Although there are various records about Mulan, they all belong to folklore. This poem tells the story that Mulan disguised herself as a man, joined the army instead of her father, and returned to her hometown after making brilliant achievements. It has shaped Mulan's simple, kind, brave and strong heroine image, and praised her noble spirit of gratitude and dedication, and her noble moral character of not seeking honor or disgrace, which is full of strong romanticism. Focusing on the characteristics of "Mulan is a girl", the whole poem is carefully selected, with prominent center, just right simplicity, rich and simple language and rough and bold style, which represents the outstanding achievements of Yuefu folk songs in the Northern Dynasties and is also one of the most rare works in the history of China literature. Until today, the image of Mulan on the stage screen still inspires people's patriotic enthusiasm.
Mulan's poems have written a brilliant artistic image. We don't need to treat this story as a true story. However, some researchers generally agree with the research on the time and place of this work: even if it was revised in the Tang Dynasty, it should be a work of the Western Wei Dynasty or an earlier period of the Northern Wei Dynasty. About the situation of this era, there are several things that can be determined:
(1) At that time, China was a feudal society. No matter in the southern or northern dynasties, there was a set of feudal social education that bound working people, especially working women;
(2) At that time, wars were frequent, and those who died on the battlefield and were slaughtered and tortured to death in panic were of course people;
(3) At that time, the tax corvee, especially the military corvee, was extremely heavy, and the people were struggling.
In a word, this is what Lu Xun said, "an era that wants to be a slave but can't do it." In this era, there is the image of Mulan described in Mulan Poetry, which should be said to be the image of a heroine. Why?
First of all, Mulan is a professional woman who often works as a maid. When her father was old and her brother was young, that is, neither of them could go to military service, and she was forced to do so, she resolutely decided to take double risks-the danger of a fierce battle and the possibility of being arrested in disguise, and disguised as a man to join the army instead of her father. This is certainly a heroic act. Mulan couldn't change this situation, so she saved her father and brother with heroic deeds full of humanitarianism and self-sacrifice. From this behavior, we can see Mulan's excellent qualities of self-sacrifice, courage and perseverance.
Second, "Wan Li to Rongji, if the mountain flies. Pay the gold, cold light iron clothes. The general died in a hundred battles, and the strong man returned in ten years. " Mulan's situation was very tense. Wan Li went to the hard frontier and took part in a long and fierce battle. She finally persisted and came back victorious. This is the outstanding performance of Mulan's excellent quality of being very brave and very determined.
Third, after the victory, Mulan was "unwilling to be a scholar" and just wanted to "go back to her hometown", which was also a heroic act. She is full of the pride of the working people, and totally despises what many people longed for in feudal times-being an official. As a working people, Hua Mulan's vision is much higher than that of many people who are full of poetry books.
Fourthly, after Mulan came home, that is to say, after realizing her wish to save her father and brother, she bravely changed into women's clothes as before. She didn't pretend at all, and she didn't feel like a great hero at all. She just feels like an ordinary woman as before. "Open my Dongting door and sit on my Xiting bed; Take off my wartime robe and put on my old clothes; There are clouds in the window and the mirror column is yellow. " All this, she felt how familiar, and how common! All this shows the true face of a working people's hero, who is as simple and humble as he looks.
Lu Xun said: "The daily life of soldiers is not all touching, but it is all related to the touching part. This is the real soldier. " (2) This sentence is also enlightening for understanding the heroic image of Mulan.
From the above analysis, we can see that Mulan embodies the noble spiritual quality of thousands of working people in ancient China and Qian Qian. She is a hero and the embodiment of the people's ideal woman. The image of Mulan is one of the outstanding artistic images in China's outstanding ancient literary works.
We must understand that the appearance of Mulan poems and Mulan images has great historical and social significance. The heroine image of working people like Hua Mulan is unprecedented. In China's ancient literary works before Mulan's poems, there was no positive female image created with affirmation and praise, but there was no information that we came into contact with to create such an excellent working people heroine image and praise it as a hero equal to or even more than men. Therefore, the appearance of Mulan's image is the first time to show the simple concept of equality between men and women of working people in China's feudal social literature. This is objectively a protest against the feudal society centered on men. This kind of protest, even if it is still weak, is the first time, so it is still very important and valuable.
At that time, it was a new thing in the bud: the description of Mulan's image convincingly revealed the truth of life: Mulan is a woman with lofty spiritual quality, and she has no factors belonging to the weak category; She can accomplish the most difficult tasks-including those things that people always thought women could not do at that time; She took the job even though she didn't have the general conditions (she had to dress up as a woman), and she finished it better than men. Isn't this tantamount to giving a shot in the arm to the male-centered thought in feudal society?
The people shaped Mulan's image and regarded her as a representative of the working people. At that time, working people (including men and women) were oppressed and exploited. The image of Mulan shows the wishes and demands of the working people for the society and the times, and also expresses their protests against the society and the times. Hua Mulan's image is full of romanticism, but her thoughts and feelings are healthy, and this creative method is basically realistic. The wishes, demands and protests of the working people expressed in the image of Mulan are deeply rooted in reality. Mulan, she wants to give birth. After returning home, she immediately returned to her original appearance, which shows her love for her original work and life. It is entirely conceivable that she will tirelessly "knit" again. Mulan, she wants a quiet life, she wants her parents, brothers and sisters to reunite; After the war, she wanted nothing but to send her back to her hometown. She loves her hometown, her relatives and the quiet life in her hometown. Mulan, she joined the army to replace her elderly father and strive for a peaceful working life. At the beginning of the poem, from her concern about the disaster brought by the war to the people and her family, she also showed the working people's protest against the war. It can be said that the author of the people created Mulan, and she pinned her hopes on a reasonable ideal of life that might have existed at that time. Gorky said: "Although folk song writers have a hard life, their painful slave labor was once deprived of meaning by exploiters, and their personal life is powerless and insecure. But regardless of all this, this group can be said to be particularly aware of its immortality and is convinced that it can defeat all forces that hate them. " (4) This is also in line with the situation of China folk songs, especially folk songs like Mulan Poetry.
Mulan poetry, like all folk songs, is full of optimism. It is bright, happy and healthy. The fine tradition of folk songs is reflected in Mulan's poems. It can be said that Mulan poetry is a comedy of the ideal victory of working people's life. The first few sentences in Mulan Poem are really about Mulan's heart, but they really reveal Mulan's mental state of "nine ileums a day", which makes people more deeply realize the commendable justice of her acting as her father's military service.
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