The "Negative List of Football Activities for Children Aged 3-6" makes us clearly realize that we can't ignore or ignore the laws of children's physical and mental development at any time. Only by following the rules can we really guide children to engage in appropriate activities, and only by following the rules can we have truly high-quality sports activities and effectively improve children's physical fitness.
The organizational forms of sports activities should be diversified.
Children's physical and mental health is the foundation to realize their all-round development, and appropriate sports activities are an important means to promote children's physical and mental health. Therefore, under the premise of paying equal attention to education, kindergartens should scientifically and reasonably organize children to carry out sports activities and actively promote the harmonious development of children's quality in all aspects.
There are many forms of kindergarten sports activities, including morning sports activities, sports teaching activities and outdoor sports games. Different sports activities have different effects on promoting children's physical and mental development. For example, morning exercises, including morning exercises and optional small and varied sports activities. Morning exercises are mainly based on children's basic gymnastics, rhythmic gymnastics and queue formation. Through different perception and practice of music, movement, speed and rhythm, good body shape and function are gradually formed, and the coordination and flexibility of movements are continuously enhanced. In self-selected small-scale and diversified sports activities, open and low-structure activities will help children to produce more independent and diversified ways of playing, strengthen their sports system in creative ways of playing, and cultivate their cooperation, coordination and innovation ability.
For another example, in physical education teaching activities, basic sports skills and sports quality are brought into teaching activities purposefully, planned and organized, and children are trained in the direct participation of the body through gamification education and teaching methods to continuously enhance their physique.
Core experience based on children's sports
These different forms of sports activities contain the basic core experience of children's sports to varying degrees: the practice and development of body control and balance ability, body movement ability and instrument (tool) control ability. No sport can only exercise one sports experience, and no sport can meet the needs of all core sports experiences of children. The core sports experience developed by different sports forms is different.
The organization of children's sports activities cannot be limited to a certain activity. Too much pursuit of "characteristic items" of kindergarten-based sports activities often ignores the real needs of children's all-round growth and development. Kindergarten sports activities need to be based on the core experience of children's sports and carried out in various ways. For example, to cultivate children's ability to control equipment (furniture) in kindergarten, we can use all kinds of commonly used sports equipment, including various vehicle toys, rocking and bumping sports equipment, balance equipment, ball toys and so on. Different sports equipment has different exercise values for children.
Ball games are one of the common methods to develop children's manipulation ability. To carry out ball games in kindergartens, we should follow the principle of all-round development and gamification, and organize them from easy to difficult according to the development order of children's manipulation ability. Children can be encouraged to use various body movements to create various ways of playing: shooting, receiving, throwing, throwing, kicking, rolling and other actions; At the same time, with the help of different material combinations, various new ways of playing and playing can be formed, such as creating a "happy farm" game situation and playing a "piggy ball" sports game with balls, sticks and baskets. To meet the development needs of children's upper and lower limbs, trunk and other parts through various forms.
Cultivating interests and habits is the key.
Kindergarten physical education is the foundation of lifelong physical education. The outline points out that "cultivating children's interest and habits in participating in sports activities" and "being willing to participate in sports activities" are important goals of kindergarten health education. Therefore, in sports activities, we should pay full attention to children's interest in sports. Only by stimulating and maintaining children's interest in sports can they actively participate in sports activities. Maintaining children's interest in sports activities and developing the habit of physical exercise are the key to achieving the goal of children's physical education.
To stimulate children's interest in participating in sports activities, in addition to a variety of activities, it is more important to run the spirit of the game through the activities, and to make children willing to participate by creating game situations, game roles and game rules. In addition, it is necessary to ensure the time and space for sports activities, and the time should be guaranteed and the space should be diversified, especially to increase outdoor and natural activities. For kindergarten teachers, their emotional state, posture, intonation and attitude towards sports are also very important. Children's interest and enthusiasm for physical exercise will often help them overcome the difficulties encountered in the exercise process, help them form a will quality and a positive and optimistic attitude that is not afraid of difficulties, thus forming the habit of insisting on physical exercise.
Early childhood is a key stage of physical growth and development. As a professional educational institution, on the one hand, kindergartens should persist in creating conditions, give children opportunities for scientific exercise, carry out diversified sports activities suitable for children's physical and mental development, promote the coordinated development of children's physical skills, and improve their basic physical quality; On the other hand, we must adhere to the law and make it clear that children are in a special period of physical development, and their bones, tissues and functions are not yet mature. We should stay away from sports that exceed the requirements and try to protect children from harm, otherwise haste makes waste.
(Author: Nanjing Changjiang Road Primary School Kindergarten)
China Education News, 2nd edition, June 65438+1October 65438+August 2020.
Author: Pan Li