In the absence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, actively prevent the occurrence of atherosclerosis, which is primary prevention;
Patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases should be actively treated, improved and prevented, which is called secondary prevention.
First, primary prevention:
Non-drug therapy is the main way to maintain a healthy lifestyle, such as low salt and low fat, smoking cessation and alcohol restriction, weight control, proper exercise, avoiding mental stimulation and maintaining a good psychological state. It is an effective method to prevent and treat arteriosclerosis.
1, quit smoking and limit alcohol-smoking promotes and aggravates arteriosclerosis and causes coronary artery spasm, so you should quit smoking; Ethanol < 30ml/ day, equivalent to 720ml beer;
2, low salt-less than 6 grams a day, too much salt intake, can cause water and sodium retention, blood pressure, accelerate arteriosclerosis.
3. Diet control: avoiding obesity, strictly controlling calorie intake and eating less sweets can significantly reduce the risk of diseases such as diabetes, heart disease and stroke.
Controlling calorie intake can effectively prevent aging-related diseases.
4. Low-fat diet: It is advisable to eat a low-fat and low-cholesterol diet, and eat more soy products, vegetables and fruits appropriately. Check blood sugar and blood lipid regularly.
High fat will accelerate arteriosclerosis. For patients with arteriosclerosis or coronary heart disease, the goal of lowering blood lipid: According to China's "Recommendations for the Prevention and Treatment of Dyslipidemia", cholesterol should be reduced to 4.7.
underneath
, triglycerides-should be reduced to
1.7 below, low density lipoprotein-should be reduced to below 2.6.
4. Appropriate exercise, such as brisk walking, jogging, Tai Ji Chuan, etc., can enhance cardiovascular and cerebrovascular functions and improve blood supply.
5. Actively prevent and treat risk factors such as hypertension and diabetes. Hypertension and diabetes are important risk factors for cerebrovascular diseases. We must carefully control blood pressure and blood sugar to delay the occurrence of arteriosclerosis, especially to prevent the sudden rise and fall of blood pressure.
6. Pay attention to psychological prevention, keep cheerful and emotionally stable. Live a regular life, combine work and rest, keep the stool unobstructed, avoid overwork, live a regular life and ensure adequate sleep. Avoid mental stress and stimulation, but also avoid cold stimulation, so as not to cause cerebral vasospasm and induce heart and brain accidents.
Second, drug prevention:
Those who are over 40 years old, have a family history of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, or have predisposing factors of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases such as hyperlipidemia, hypertension and diabetes, should take aspirin 75mg a day in addition to actively treating these predisposing factors.
You can also take traditional Chinese medicines for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis, such as Naoxintong, Xinnaokang and Weinaolutong.