(1) puberty physiology 1. According to the morphological development of adolescence, what are the differences between men and women in adulthood? Due to the differences between men and women in adolescent morphological development, adult men eventually form taller bodies, wider shoulders and developed muscles; Adult women have different body characteristics, such as short stature, full figure and wide hips.
2. Why are the total number of red blood cells and hemoglobin of adolescent girls lower than that of boys? In adolescence, especially for girls, the total number of red blood cells and hemoglobin increased significantly. After menarche in adolescence, girls will lose a certain amount of blood every month, so hemoglobin and red blood cells will not increase significantly.
3. What is the primary sexual characteristic? What is the secondary sexual characteristic? In medicine, the difference of reproductive organs formed by men and women in embryonic period is called the main sexual characteristic, also called the primary sexual characteristic. The differences in appearance and morphology between men and women except internal and external genitalia are called secondary sexual characteristics, also known as accessory sexual characteristics.
4. What are the reproductive organs of men and women? Male reproductive organs can be divided into external genitalia and internal genitalia. Scrotum and * * * are external genitalia.
The internal genitalia includes testis, epididymis, vas deferens and obstructive sac. Female reproductive organs are also divided into external genitalia and internal genitalia. The external genitalia mainly include * * *, big * * *, small lips, * * * and hymen; The internal genitalia includes uterus, fallopian tubes and ovaries.
5. What are the main aspects of the development of male and female secondary sexual characteristics? The development of boys' secondary sexual characteristics is mainly manifested in five aspects: * * *, armpit hair, beard, Adam's apple and voice change. Female secondary sexual characteristics refer to * * *, * * and armpit hair.
6. What is nocturnal emission? After boys and adolescents enter puberty, the reproductive organs mature. When the reproductive organs are affected by internal and external * * *, they can involuntarily excrete * * *, which is nocturnal emission.
Nocturnal emission is a normal physiological phenomenon, which usually occurs during sleep. 7. What is menarche? When a girl reaches a certain age, she will bleed periodically, which is menstruation.
A girl's first menstruation is called menarche. (2) adolescent health care 1. What aspects should female teenagers pay attention to in their menstrual health? (1) Keep outdoor * * * clean and sanitary; (2) Pay attention to cold and warmth, avoid getting wet, wading and swimming, don't take a bath, wash your hair and feet with cold water, don't sit and lie in a wet and cold place or on the concrete floor, and avoid eating too many cold drinks; (3) Emotional stability and comfort, moderate exercise.
2. Why should we pay special attention to maintaining external hygiene during menstruation? Because the body's resistance is weakened during menstruation, the cervix is slightly opened and the endometrium falls off to form a wound; Plus * * * acidic secretions are diluted by menstruation, and bacteria can easily invade. Therefore, special attention should be paid to keeping the external * * * clean and hygienic during the menstrual period.
Wash the outside with warm water every day. Menstrual belt should be made of soft and easy-to-clean cloth, and pay attention to disinfection.
After washing the menstrual belt, it should be dried in the sun. Generally, exposure to the sun for 2 hours can achieve the purpose of disinfection. The pad on the menstrual belt should be sterilized toilet paper, gauze or cotton, and the menstrual belt should be changed frequently.
You can also choose high-quality sanitary napkins (towels) on the market. 3. How to protect your voice? During adolescence, the voices of boys and girls will change from elegant children's voices to deep adult voices, which is the so-called "voice change period".
The vocal cords will be swollen and congested during the voice change period, so special attention should be paid to protecting the voice to avoid hoarseness for a long time. Don't shout loudly and sing hard during the voice change period, sing in moderation; Don't drink cold drinks immediately after singing and talking loudly. Drink warm water when you are thirsty.
In winter, we should pay attention to protecting the neck, at the same time, we should pay attention to proper rest, strengthen physical exercise and prevent colds. Eat less food, such as pepper, garlic, fried food, etc.
Smoking and drinking should be banned. During the menstrual period of female teenagers, there will be physiological vocal cord congestion, so special attention should be paid to protecting the sound.
4. What is the cause of acne? How to prevent it? Acne, also known as acne, can occur in both men and women during adolescence, especially in boys. Acne is caused by excessive secretion of sex hormones in adolescence, excessive secretion of sebaceous glands, poor discharge, blockage and oppression of hair follicles, and inflammatory reaction of sebum and its decomposition products.
The parasitism of Bacillus acnes in sebaceous glands is related to the occurrence of acne. Fat treatment: (1) Keep your skin clean and wash your face with warm water and neutral soap (soap or bath soap); (2) Pay attention to diet, do not eat greasy and sugary foods, do not eat spicy foods such as onions, garlic and peppers, avoid smoking and alcohol, and eat more fresh vegetables and fruits.
Drink plenty of water to keep the stool unobstructed; (3) Avoid mental stress and maintain an optimistic and confident attitude; (4) Never squeeze acne by hand to avoid creating conditions for bacterial invasion and reproduction. (3) Mental health and health 1. What are the main indicators of mental health? (1) A healthy mood; (2) Good will and quality; (3) Harmonious interpersonal relationship 2. What are the psychological characteristics of adolescence? Mainly: (1) adult feeling; (2) independence and dependence; (3) Self-evaluation ability is improved; (4) self-esteem; (5) One-sidedness and superficiality; (6) Concealed psychological performance; (7) The emergence, development and expression of sexual psychology.
3. What are the mental health problems in adolescence? The main manifestations are: (1) confused about sexual development; (2) independent intention develops rapidly; (3) Close partnership; (4) The ability to understand society is not high enough; (5) great pressure of study; (6) It is easy to form bad habits and get into bad habits. 4. How to promote the healthy growth of adolescence? Teenagers should set up lofty ideals and cultivate their own sound personality; We should carry forward the advantages of quick thinking, sensitivity to new things, courage, enthusiasm, energy and positivity; Cultivate a healthy mental state and let the body and mind grow healthily.
5. How to be different from * * *? (1) To achieve mutual respect and love between men and women, we must not only know how to respect ourselves and the same sex, but also know how to respect others and the opposite sex; (2) Being good at controlling one's feelings, not easily expressing affection for the opposite sex, and not writing letters to students of the opposite sex casually; (3) behave in a dignified manner and treat others with courtesy; (4) Insist on collective communication and don't contact the opposite sex alone; Don't give gifts to the opposite sex alone; Don't accept gifts from the opposite sex alone; (5) Distinguish right from wrong and enhance the ability of bad habits. 6. What are the basic requirements of adolescent sexual morality? The basic requirements of teenagers' sexual morality are.
2. What are the precautions for taking a bath?
(1) The water temperature should not be overheated.
Proper water temperature can accelerate human metabolism, but too high water temperature will lead to fatigue due to large energy consumption in the body. At the same time, too hot water will wash away the oil secreted on the skin surface and the protective flora normally parasitic on the skin surface, which will easily damage the stratum corneum and cause itching, dryness and other symptoms.
The appropriate water temperature should be close to body temperature, that is, 37? c？ 4 1? C. (2) The time should not be too long.
Tap water is usually disinfected with chlorine. Studies have shown that bathing with chlorine-containing water for a long time can cause respiratory diseases. In addition, taking a bath for too long, the blood supply to the head is relatively reduced, which is easy to lead to cerebral ischemia and accidents, especially for the elderly, and it is also easy to cause cardiac ischemia and hypoxia, leading to coronary artery spasm, thrombosis, and even serious arrhythmia and sudden death.
The correct time should be to take a shower for 20 minutes, shower 10? 15 minutes. (3) The room temperature should not be too high.
Many people are afraid of cold when taking a bath, and always adjust the temperature of the bathroom to a high level, which leads to a large temperature difference between the inside and outside of the bathroom and makes it easier to catch a cold.