Pay attention to heatstroke prevention and cooling
Temperature is the key factor affecting blood pressure, so patients with hypertension should do a good job of heatstroke prevention and cooling in summer. The number of hypertensive patients should be reduced when it is hot and hot, and measures such as refrigeration, cooling and cooling can be taken in summer to cool down. Among them, the most worth advocating is the heat dissipation of bath water-swimming. Swimming can not only take away excess heat in the body, but also cool down and dispel summer heat. It can also consume excess nutrients, reduce blood lipid and blood sugar, reduce fat storage, and have the function of strengthening the body.
Scientific practice
Exercise is indispensable all year round. You should arrange your life scientifically and form a good habit of preventing and treating hypertension. Don't abandon your blood pressure just because it drops in summer. We should adhere to the scientific arrangement of 24-hour living, eliminate risk factors and maintain good health care habits.
Timely replenishment of water
In hot summer, people sweat a lot, which leads to dehydration. Drinking more water can prevent dehydration. To achieve water balance in the body, it is necessary to adjust the amount of drinking water according to the amount of excretion. Drinking boiled water or low salt water with salt content not exceeding l% can effectively replenish water. Of course, it can also be supplemented by eating fruits and vegetables.
Insist on measuring blood pressure
Always measure blood pressure, and don't relax the monitoring and observation of blood pressure. If it is best to take blood pressure regularly, if not, go to the clinic to take blood pressure every 3~5 days, with the longest interval not exceeding L weeks. If it is found that blood pressure fluctuates obviously with the sudden change of temperature, the interval will be shortened.
2. How to prevent hypertension in summer?
1, prevention of hypertension in summer, easy-to-lose potassium and sodium should be supplemented in time: when you enter the summer heat, you will sweat a little and need to replenish water urgently.
You sweat too much in summer and don't replenish enough water. Because not only the water in the body, but also the sodium salt will be lost with sweat; Food is easy to deteriorate in summer, which can easily lead to acute gastroenteritis, vomiting and diarrhea, and easily lead to electrolyte disorder in the body.
Then it may lead to serious cardiovascular events such as malignant arrhythmia and even cardiac arrest. In order to maintain normal electrolyte, some salt can be added to boiling water.
Usually, the diet should be light, but in summer, you can put more salt in the dish and eat more fruits containing potassium, such as oranges, to keep the balance of sodium and potassium. In addition, special attention should be paid to food hygiene in summer.
3. How to prevent hypertension in summer
Ten points for attention in preventing hypertension? "Less salt, less fat and more exercise, quitting smoking, limiting alcohol and reducing stress, taking medicine on time are the key, and following the doctor's advice is the guarantee".
For the majority of patients with hypertension, relevant experts give suggestions, especially to achieve "ten points of attention" for hypertension: 1, and reduce salt intake. Hypertensive patients should consume less than 5 grams of salt a day, about half a spoonful a day, especially those who are sensitive to salt.
2. Ensure a reasonable diet. Patients with hypertension should limit their fat intake, eat less fat, animal offal, fried food, cakes and sweets, and eat more fresh vegetables, fruits, fish, mushrooms and low-fat dairy products.
3. Effective weight control can prevent hypertension. The most effective way to lose weight and control weight is to control diet and reduce the total calorie intake every day.
4. quit smoking. Tobacco contains nicotine, which can stimulate the heart, accelerate the heartbeat, contract blood vessels and raise blood pressure.
5, limit alcohol. Drinking a lot of alcohol, especially hard liquor, will raise blood pressure. Even if the blood pressure is not high after drinking, some patients can still show higher blood pressure than usual in the next few days.
6. Increase physical activity. Proper physical exercise can enhance physical fitness, lose weight and maintain normal weight. You can do jogging, brisk walking, swimming, cycling, gymnastics and other sports activities. Generally, 30 to 60 minutes is appropriate for each activity, and the intensity varies from person to person.
7. Pay attention to psychological and social factors. Patients with hypertension should pay attention to the combination of work and rest, maintain a good mood and avoid emotional ups and downs.
8, if through 3-6 months of non-drug treatment, blood pressure control is good, can continue to maintain. If it doesn't work, you should switch to antihypertensive drugs, and you can't stop taking drugs because you are young or have no obvious symptoms.
9. Adhere to the application of dietotherapy, therapeutic tea and health care methods. No matter how good the medicine is, no matter how bad the dietotherapy method is, we can't give up the application of dietotherapy, tea treatment and health care methods while using the medicine. How many effects these methods can have is equivalent to how many side effects are reduced.
10, because there are many factors that cause hypertension, and each patient's individual differences are also great. Drugs that have a good effect on A may not have an effect on B. Drugs that also have a good antihypertensive effect can be taken according to the situation of C. Because of Ding's physical reasons, even the best antihypertensive effect cannot be used, because side effects may lead to more serious consequences.
Therefore, antihypertensive drugs should not be casually applied to other people's experience.
How to prevent blood pressure from rising when summer comes?
1. Drink plenty of water to prevent dehydration. At normal ambient temperature, people need about 2300 ml of water a day, and the total amount of water discharged is also about 2300 ml, so the amount of water in and out is balanced.
However, in the high temperature environment in summer, the amount of water discharged from the human body can reach about 3300 ml, and the amount of water discharged from the body can reach about 6600 ml during strenuous exercise. Therefore, to achieve water balance in the body, it is necessary to adjust the amount of drinking water according to the amount of excretion.
Drinking boiled water or low salt water with salt content not exceeding l% can effectively replenish water. Of course, it can also be supplemented by eating fruits and vegetables.
It should be noted that don't wait until you are thirsty to drink water, but develop the habit of drinking water only when you are thirsty; Often drink a small amount of water many times, instead of drinking a lot of water at once; Weigh before and after exercise, and add 2~3 glasses of water for every 0.5 kg weight loss; Drink plenty of water when the urine is dark; Sleep will also lose water. Drink a glass of water before going to bed after waking up. 2. Insist on monitoring blood pressure, keep in mind the changeable law of hypertension in summer, and don't relax the monitoring and observation of blood pressure. If it is best to take blood pressure regularly, if not, go to the clinic to take blood pressure every 3~5 days, with the longest interval not exceeding L weeks.
If it is found that blood pressure fluctuates obviously with the sudden change of temperature, the interval will be shortened. If the peak-valley difference between day and night is found to be large or irregular, you should go to the hospital for 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring to understand the fluctuation law of blood pressure and take measures according to the doctor's advice.
3. Pay attention to cooling in summer. The fluctuation of blood pressure in summer is mainly caused by heat, so the main countermeasure for hypertensive patients is to cool down in summer. Measures such as refrigeration and cooling in summer can be taken.
There are many refrigeration methods at present. Patients with hypertension should use air conditioning scientifically. Don't adjust the room temperature too low, just keep it at 27~28℃ and keep the indoor temperature constant. Among them, the most worth advocating is the heat dissipation of bath water-swimming.
Swimming can not only take away excess heat in the body, but also cool down and dispel summer heat. It can also consume excess nutrition, reduce blood lipid and blood sugar, reduce fat storage and strengthen the body. 4. The elderly should not excessively lower their blood pressure. Older people over 60 years old have different degrees of arteriosclerosis, so the increase of blood pressure is beneficial to the blood supply of heart, brain, kidney and other organs.
Regardless of the age and the patient's specific situation, blindly demanding that the blood pressure be reduced to a "normal" level will inevitably affect the function of the above organs, but it is not worth the candle. 5. Adjust the dose according to blood pressure Generally speaking, blood pressure has not been excessively reduced, and it is still necessary to continue to maintain the dose.
Some people have obviously low blood pressure in summer. At this time, taking the winter dose is easy to make the blood pressure drop too low, so it is easy to have dizziness, insufficient blood supply to the brain, general weakness and even cerebral infarction or angina pectoris. Therefore, in the hot summer, patients with hypertension should always measure their blood pressure and make records.
Then tell these records to the doctor in time, and the doctor will adjust the dose according to the results of patient monitoring. However, patients must not change drugs at will.
5. What should hypertensive patients avoid in summer?
The survey found that the incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events in patients with hypertension was the highest in winter and summer.
In order to ensure a safe summer, patients with hypertension should avoid the following things in summer. (1) Don't eat cold food: People with hypertension eat a lot of cold food, which is "harmful and useless".
Because eating a lot of cold food will not only shrink the blood vessels in the stomach, but also cause diarrhea and abdominal pain. It will also cause reflex contraction of small blood vessels in the whole body, leading to high blood pressure. In severe cases, coronary artery spasm may occur, leading to myocardial ischemia and even angina pectoris. Therefore, patients with hypertension must have a reasonable diet in summer, and avoid eating cold food.
It is best to leave iced drinks or fruits taken out of the refrigerator at room temperature for a period of time before drinking, or sip them slowly to avoid a sudden increase in blood pressure. (1) Don't adjust the air-conditioning temperature too low: if the air-conditioning temperature is adjusted too low, the temperature difference between indoor and outdoor will be too large, and the blood vessels will suddenly change from a relaxed state to a contracted state when the human body is hot and cold, resulting in a significant increase in blood pressure.
If you stay in an air-conditioned room for a long time, you will feel a "rolling heat wave" as soon as you go out, blood vessels will suddenly change from contraction to relaxation, and blood pressure will drop. This continuous blood pressure fluctuation can easily lead to cardiovascular events (such as stroke and angina pectoris).
Therefore, when patients with hypertension use air conditioning, the room temperature should be kept at 27T? 28T not too low. (2) Don't lead an irregular life: keeping blood pressure changing regularly day and night is helpful to protect cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.
The climate is hot in summer. If hypertensive patients fall asleep late at night and get up early in the morning, the sleep time will be reduced and the quality of sleep will be reduced, which will lead to the increase of blood pressure at night and the increase of blood pressure fluctuation, which will aggravate the damage to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Therefore, patients with hypertension should maintain regular living habits and ensure adequate sleep in summer. They can take a nap 1 hour to make up for the lack of sleep at night.
(3) Don't forget to replenish water: When hypertensive patients drink water, don't drink a lot of water at a time, so as not to cause blood pressure to rise and increase the burden on the heart and blood vessels. It is advisable to drink boiled water or light salt water with salt content not exceeding 0.9%. You can also replenish water by eating more fruits and vegetables.
Patients with hypertension should develop the good habit of drinking water at any time, and don't wait for thirst to drink water. Drink a small amount of water many times, not a large amount at a time.
Weigh before and after exercise, and add 2 ~3 glasses of water for every 0.5 kg weight loss. Drink more water when the urine is dark.
Drink 1 glass of water after waking up. (4) Don't stop exercising: Exercise can improve the elasticity of blood vessels, effectively improve the spasm of small blood vessels, and keep good contraction and relaxation functions of large and small blood vessels, which is conducive to improving the prognosis of hypertension.
Therefore, patients with hypertension should still insist on exercising in summer, and the exercise time should be in the evening to avoid the sunshine and high temperature during the day. Middle-aged and elderly patients with hypertension should choose slow-paced and low-intensity aerobic exercise, such as playing Tai Ji Chuan, cycling, walking and swimming, rather than high-intensity and fast-paced exercise.
Swimming can not only take away excess heat in the body, cool down and relieve summer heat, but also consume excess nutrients in the body, reduce blood lipid and blood sugar, reduce fat storage and strengthen the body. However, any exercise should not be excessive, and we should do what we can.
(6) Don't adjust the dosage of antihypertensive drugs at will: Generally speaking, the blood pressure of most hypertensive patients will drop in summer, but some patients will rise instead of falling. This may be related to discomfort, irritability and poor rest caused by high temperature.
Therefore, patients with hypertension should continue to measure their blood pressure in summer, make records and tell the doctor the changes of blood pressure in time, and the doctor will adjust the dose according to the results of monitoring blood pressure. It is best for patients not to change the dosage at will, let alone change the medicine at will.
If the blood pressure is not excessively reduced, the original dose should still be maintained; If the blood pressure drops significantly, the dosage of the drug can be reduced or even stopped temporarily under the guidance of a doctor; If the blood pressure rises instead of falling, the dosage of antihypertensive drugs should be adjusted in time under the guidance of a doctor. (7) Don't take a cold bath: Taking a cold bath in summer can easily make the blood vessels of the whole body contract, leading to an increase in blood pressure, which is very unfavorable for patients with hypertension.
Hypertensive patients should take a bath with warm water in summer. Take a rest after going home, replenish some water, and then take a warm bath to avoid accidents due to blood pressure fluctuations.