Burn:
The following work should be done for burned children:
1. When a child burns, put clothes on the affected area and peel off the attachments. If the clothes are attached to the child's skin, never tear them off by force.
2. Rinse and cool the affected area with cold water for about 15 minutes, or apply ice to the affected area.
Don't apply any ointment or liquid medicine to the affected area. Only use sterile gauze to cover all affected areas to avoid infection.
4. Raise the burned area of the child and reduce the blood flow of the affected area.
5. If the injury is serious, it is necessary to lie the child flat on the bed, raise the child's lower limbs and make the child's head lean to one side, so as to ensure the blood flow to important organs and prevent the child from going into shock.
Concave and convex:
For children with bruises, the following work should be done:
1. The influence on children is not very serious, and the affected area has no symptoms such as swelling and difficulty in moving. You can apply cold compress to the ecchymosis of the skin for about an hour.
2. If the wound bleeds, press the wound with a sterile cotton pad or toilet paper for more than ten minutes. If the wound is not big, rinse the affected area with cold boiled water after hemostasis, and cover the affected area with a band-aid.
3. If the wound is large, or the lump may contain tetanus Bacillus, take the child to the hospital immediately to treat the wound, and inject tetanus antitoxin if necessary to prevent the occurrence of tetanus.
4. If the symptoms are serious, the affected part is swollen or difficult to move, or the bruised part is the head or chest, especially when dizziness, vomiting, loss of consciousness, yellowish liquid in the ear and nose or blood flow out, the child must be sent to the hospital immediately.
Sprain:
For children with sprains, the following work should be done:
1. Let the sprained child lie flat on the bed. Raise the affected area and apply cold compress to reduce the swelling of the affected area.
2. Put cotton on the affected area, and then bind the affected area with a bandage. Be careful that the bandage is not too tight, which is not conducive to blood circulation.
3. Don't touch the injured joint. If the child has deformity or severe pain, it means that the child's condition is not limited to sprain, and a fracture may have occurred, so he should be sent to the hospital for treatment immediately.
Burn:
Parents should do the following work for scalded children:
1, should be immediately washed with cold water 15 minutes or more, reduce the local temperature, reduce the further injury of the wound, and relieve the pain.
2. If bubbles appear, you can't do anything about them. For soybean-sized blisters, if the wound is shallow, you can cut the blisters with sterile scissors and dip them in sterile cotton balls or gauze. In order to avoid infection, we should go to the hospital for further treatment.
3, because the child's skin is particularly delicate and has poor tolerance, it is often more serious after scalding, and it is more prone to infection and complications. So, don't take medicine by yourself and go to the hospital as soon as possible.
Error handling:
1. Apply sesame oil and soy sauce to the wound.
2. Apply toothpaste to the wound.
3. Apply ointment without the guidance of a doctor.
Cut:
Parents should do the following work for children with cuts:
1, the wound is not deep, only a small amount of blood cuts the skin. Just wash the affected area with clean water (or light salt water) and soap, and then cover it with a band-aid or sterile gauze after disinfection to prevent wound infection. When cleaning the wound, make sure that all stolen goods are washed out of the wound.
2. Don't cover the wound with cotton or other fluffy substances, because they will stick to the wound and hinder the wound healing;
3. When dressing the wound, make sure that the wound is breathable and cannot be wrapped too tightly.
4. Changing the dressing every day can expose the affected area to the air at night, which is beneficial to wound healing.
When the wound is serious, send the child to the hospital for medical treatment.
Heatstroke:
When children suffer from heatstroke, their body temperature can rise above 40℃, and their skin is dry, flushed, anhidrosis, dizziness, thirst, nausea, vomiting, irritability and mental confusion. Some people lose a lot of salt due to excessive sweating, which leads to muscle pain and even spasm. In severe cases, convulsions, coma, blood pressure drop and skin bleeding may occur.
Parents should do the following work for children suffering from heatstroke:
1, when children suffer from heatstroke, parents can wipe their bodies with cold water, ice or alcohol, or take a bath with warm water 3-5℃ lower than their body temperature. Or put an ice pack under the child's armpit and groin, give the child a cold drink, and try to lower the body temperature below 38℃.
2. Try to reduce the indoor temperature.
3. Let children drink more water. Children can be given summer drugs such as Huoxiang Zhengqi Capsule.
Seriously ill patients should be sent to hospital for treatment.
Insects enter the ear canal:
Biological foreign bodies such as insects often enter the external auditory canal when children are asleep. Insect-like foreign bodies cause unbearable pain and ignorance to children because of crawling and commotion. Children show crying, irritability and anxiety, occasionally causing dizziness and tinnitus, which can cause membrane damage and affect hearing in severe cases.
For children with insects entering the ear canal, parents should do the following:
1, you can drown the worm by dropping alcohol or oil liquid into the external auditory canal, then fix the child and take it out with ear pliers, and then wipe the ear canal with a cotton swab.
If it is difficult to get rid of insects by this method, you should send it to the hospital immediately.
Intraocular foreign body:
For children with foreign bodies in their eyes, parents should do the following:
1, carefully observe whether the foreign body is implanted in the eye.
2. If the foreign body is not implanted in the child's eyes, the mother can open the child's eyes and face, let the child look down, and gently remove the foreign body with a sterile cotton swab.
3. If a foreign body is implanted in the eye, do not touch it. Cover the child's injured eyes with sterile gauze pad and fix them with gauze or cloth, and seek medical attention immediately.
Foreign body in nose:
There is a foreign body in the child's nose. If it is not taken out in time, it may cause the child to have difficulty breathing and even suffocate.
For children with foreign bodies in their noses, parents should do the following:
1. When animal foreign bodies enter, they can be anesthetized with 1% tetracaine, and then taken out with nasal forceps.
2, large foreign body into the person, should be sent to the hospital immediately.
Shocked:
Shock is a very dangerous symptom, which may be fatal if the patient is not treated in time.
Parents should do the following work for children in shock:
1, you must try to get in touch with the hospital as soon as possible, or call a doctor for emergency treatment.
2. Let the children lie flat. Except for people with head trauma, we should pay attention to keeping their heads low and their feet high to increase the blood supply to the brain, otherwise once the brain is deprived of oxygen for 3-4 minutes, it will cause permanent damage to the brain.
3, pay attention to ensure that the child's respiratory tract is smooth. Never give a child hot compress, because it will make the blood flow out of the internal organs quickly, causing danger.
4. Check the pulse of the child at any time and pay close attention to the changes of the child's condition.
Spasm:
Convulsion is a sudden symptom caused by abnormal brain response. The patient has short-term generalized convulsion or local limb convulsion. Before convulsion, children can cry loudly, then lose consciousness, turn purple all over and hold their breath. After a few seconds, their limbs began to bend and shake rhythmically, possibly accompanied by incontinence. This symptom may last for several minutes.
Parents should do the following work for children with convulsions:
1, let the child lie on his back, with his head tilted to one side, to prevent the tongue from falling back and the oral secretions from refluxing and blocking the trachea.
2. You can put a towel or handkerchief between your upper and lower teeth to prevent biting your tongue.
3. Physically cool the head.
Drug abuse:
Children who take medicine by mistake may show burning sensation, chest tightness, palpitation, pale face, purple lips, dyspnea, blood pressure drop and even coma within seconds or minutes after taking the medicine. Fixed erythema (purplish red round or oval, often colonized in the center) appears within minutes or hours after taking the medicine, accompanied by fever. Sudden symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain and drowsiness.
The correct treatment principle is rapid excretion, reduced absorption, timely detoxification and symptomatic treatment.