I. Leaders attach importance to and improve the system Under the unified organization of the leading group for tobacco control, the group leader is personally responsible, the office makes plans, organizes implementation, further improves the tobacco control system, and instructs the director of the office to make a special trip to take charge of irregular inspections and inspections.
Second, the introduction of tobacco control measures (1) set up a tobacco control team. (2) Promote non-smoking and mutual respect for cigarettes.
(3) Smoking is strictly prohibited in public places.
(four) in the no-smoking area where there is a no-smoking sign, the smoking utensils are removed and smoking is strictly prohibited. If any violators are found, the anti-smoking group has the right to dissuade and educate them.
(five) members of the leading group for tobacco control have the obligation to publicize the health hazards of smoking to other personnel.
Third, increase publicity, and the effect is remarkable. Make full use of learning, activities, publicity columns, meetings and other forms to carry out publicity and education on the dangers of smoking, improve tobacco control knowledge, cultivate good non-smoking habits, and enhance self-care awareness and ability.
At the same time, the office also uses political study and various activities to educate cadres and workers on tobacco control and smoking cessation, so as to further improve their tobacco control ability. Fourth, leaders take the lead and everyone participates in tobacco control activities. Leaders take the lead in tobacco control and jointly control tobacco. All cadres and workers participate in tobacco control activities, and everyone strives to be the master of tobacco control and supervise each other. Effectively improve the sense of responsibility for tobacco control and enhance the ability of tobacco control.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) tobacco control propaganda is spread all over the unit and family. On May 3 1 World No Tobacco Day, a column was set up to actively publicize the scientific knowledge that smoking is harmful to health and the relevant national laws and regulations on tobacco control, and to advocate quitting smoking and controlling tobacco. At the same time, publicize tobacco control measures and smoking hazards. And suggest that all cadres, workers and their families control and quit smoking, set an example and form the habit of not smoking.
Through hard work, all cadres, workers and villagers have further clarified the significance of tobacco control, and have made certain achievements in creating a good smoke-free environment, ensuring good hygiene habits and promoting a good attitude. Build a smoke-free movie house and jointly create civilized smoke-free villagers. 20 1 1 May 2/year1day
Smoking Health Knowledge _ Smoking Health Knowledge Lecture-Smoking Health Knowledge Lecture-Beibei Experimental Primary School Moral Education Lecture 1. The main harmful components of tobacco are carbohydrates (accounting for 40%~50%), carboxylic acids, pigments, terpenes, alkanes and lipids, as well as some nutrients (such as nitrate) and some pollutants necessary for growth (such as pesticides and important metal elements).
Unlike other plants, tobacco is rich in terpenes, which are often called "wax" or "nicotine". The process of smokers inhaling cigarettes is a series of chemical reactions of thermal decomposition and thermal synthesis during the incomplete combustion of cigarettes, and a large number of new substances are formed. The chemical composition is very complicated. More than 3,000 harmful components are separated from the flue gas, among which the main toxic substances are nicotine, cigarette tar, carbon monoxide, hydrocyanic acid, ammonia and aromatic compounds. Protein, carbohydrates, vitamins, amino acids and other beneficial substances in tobacco are beneficial if eaten, but when used as cigarettes, smoke and dust are released after burning and become harmful substances. The smoke from tobacco ignition consists of two parts, of which the gas part accounts for 92%, including a large amount of oxygen and nitrogen harmless gases, a certain amount of carbon monoxide and a small amount of carcinogenic, carcinogenic and ciliary toxic substances. Particulate phase accounts for 8%, mainly nicotine and tobacco tar. Second, the toxicity and addiction of nicotine Nicotine is an unpleasant, bitter, colorless and transparent oily liquid with strong volatility, which is easily oxidized to dark gray in the air, can be quickly dissolved in water and alcohol, and is easily absorbed by the human body through the nasal, oral and bronchial mucosa. Nicotine stuck to the skin surface can also be absorbed and penetrated into the body. Nicotine in one cigarette can poison a mouse, and nicotine in 20 cigarettes can poison a cow. The lethal dose of human is 50~70 mg, which is equivalent to the nicotine content of 20~25 cigarettes. If nicotine in a cigar or three cigarettes is injected into a person's vein for 3 to 5 minutes, he will die. Tobacco is not only harmful to higher animals, but also harmful to lower animals, so it is also the main component of agricultural pesticides. So "poisonous snakes don't bite smokers because they smell the bitter taste of smoking and run away." Similarly, passive smokers are uncomfortable with the smell of smoke.
Acute poisoning death caused by smoking has occurred in China. If you smoke too much, you will be drunk and spit yellow water on the ground and die. So Emperor Chongzhen once ordered a ban on smoking. It is also reported abroad that a young man in the Soviet Union smoked for the first time and died after smoking a big cigar. A 40-year-old healthy man who smokes for a long time in Britain is engaged in a very important job; I smoked 14 cigars and 40 cigarettes overnight. I felt sick in the morning and died after being rescued by a doctor. A French club held a smoking competition. The winner smoked 60 cigarettes and died before receiving the prize. Other participants were dying and went to the hospital for rescue.
So why do some people smoke a lot but are not poisoned? There are many people who smoke more than one box (20 cigarettes) every day, among which the nicotine content greatly exceeds the lethal dose of people, but few people die of acute poisoning, because some nicotine in tobacco is neutralized by formaldehyde, a poison in smoke, and most people do not smoke continuously, and these nicotine slowly enters the human body intermittently. In addition, 50% of nicotine diffuses into the air with smoke, 5% is thrown away with cigarette butts, 25% is destroyed by burning, and only 20% is absorbed by human body. Nicotine is rapidly detoxified in the body and excreted with urine. Coupled with long-term smokers, the body has tolerance and addiction to nicotine, making people addicted to cigarettes. Third, smoking has to face ten kinds of dangerous chemicals. 1998, cigarette manufacturers were forced to disclose the composition of cigarettes, and the public realized that more than 4,000 chemicals would be produced every time they smoked. The following are the most dangerous.
1. ammonia water: used to improve the absorption rate of nicotine, and can also be used to clean toilets. It is the main component of liquid fertilizer.
2. Arsenic: pesticide for tobacco crops, which remains in the final cigarette products. If there are mice at home, you might as well carry them to a nest with arsenic.
3. Cadmium: A metal mixture obtained by tobacco crops from acidic soil. Is the battery low? Fill it with cadmium quickly.
4. Formaldehyde: a by-product of smoking, mainly used to preserve corpses.
5. Acetone: another by-product produced when cigarettes are lit, which is often used to make nail polish cleaning solution and also used to clean toilets like ammonia.
6. Butane: This by-product helps to light cigarettes and appears in liquid form in lighters.
7. Propylene glycol: The function is to prevent cigarettes from "extinguishing fire" and accelerate the speed of nicotine entering the brain.
8. Turpentine: A flavoring agent for mint cigarettes. It is also used to dilute paint and remove varnish from wood.
9. Benzene: Another by-product produced when cigarettes are lit, which can be found in pesticides and gasoline.
10. lead and nickel: it seems that these two metals need not be said.
Fourth, quitting smoking should start with teenagers. A recent medical research report pointed out that 765,438+0% teenagers and middle school students have tried smoking. Later, men were three times as many as women. The doctor warned that teenagers smoking is more harmful to their health than adults. Starting smoking at the age of 65,438+05 or younger may reduce their life expectancy by 25 years, and these people die earlier than normal people.
Smoking in adolescence can lead to organ dysfunction in the body, and it is difficult to cure even if you quit smoking.
But in general, quitting smoking at any time in life is good for your health. After quitting smoking, your taste and smell become sensitive. The risk of heart disease, vascular disease and cancer is reduced, and the main hazards of smoking to the body are: 1, dysfunction of taste and smell.
2. The digestive system is prone to ulcers and dysfunction.
3, prone to oral cancer, esophageal cancer and gastric cancer, especially lung cancer.
4. It is easy to suffer from hypertension, arteriosclerosis, myocardial infarction and cerebral thrombosis.
5. Poor sleep.
Health knowledge of smoking _ 1 lecture on smoking and health knowledge (comprehensive knowledge) The harm of tobacco has become one of the most serious public problems in the world and the biggest problem facing human health. However, unlike other natural disasters, tobacco can be prevented and controlled. China is the country with the largest tobacco production and consumption in the world, accounting for more than 1/3 of the global total.
According to the 20 10 report on smoking control in China, there are currently 350 million smokers in China, and more than/kloc-0 million people die of tobacco-related diseases every year, exceeding the sum of AIDS, tuberculosis, traffic accidents and suicide deaths.
On June 9, 2006, the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control came into force in China. According to the requirements, from 20 1 1 to 1, China should completely ban smoking in all indoor public places, indoor workplaces, public transport and other possible outdoor public places.
Question 1. Harmful components in tobacco smoke can produce more than 4,000 known chemicals during tobacco combustion, including hundreds of toxic substances and 69 carcinogenic or cancer-promoting substances. The main harmful substances of tobacco are: nicotine, also known as nicotine, which is highly addictive, and its addiction is second only to heroin. Nicotine can act on smokers' brains and make them dependent on tobacco, which is the main component leading to tobacco addiction. Nicotine can also cause vasoconstriction, hypertension, rapid heartbeat, coronary artery spasm, intimal injury, angina pectoris and myocardial infarction.
Tobacco tar: commonly known as "tobacco oil seed", each cigarette is 5- 15 mg, which contains a variety of carcinogens and cancer-promoting substances.
It can be attached to the mucosa of trachea and alveoli, affecting its function and causing cancer for a long time, which is the main cause of lung cancer and laryngeal cancer.
Tar is also the cause of yellowing of smokers' teeth and fingers. The latest research shows that the so-called "low tar content" cigarettes are not safe, and switching to this kind of cigarettes will not reduce the risk of diseases caused by tobacco.
Others include: carbon monoxide, various toxic compounds (such as phenylpropyl pyrene, formaldehyde, potassium cyanide, propylene, aldehyde, etc. ), radioactive substances and various harmful metals (cadmium, mercury, lead, arsenic, nickel, etc.). ).
Second, the main diseases caused by smoking have been confirmed by a large number of epidemiological studies around the world. Smoking and passive smoking are risk factors for many diseases. At present, they have become the main risk factors of six diseases except AIDS and diarrhea among the top eight causes of death in the world (ischemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, lower respiratory tract infection, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, AIDS, diarrhea, tuberculosis and tracheobronchial lung cancer). Tobacco will damage almost all organs of the human body. The main diseases caused by smoking are lung cancer and various malignant tumors: more than 90% of lung cancer is caused by smoking, and the incidence of lung cancer in smokers is 18 times that of non-smokers. Smoking can also cause oral cancer, laryngeal cancer, esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, pancreatic cancer, bladder cancer, renal cancer, liver cancer, leukemia, and cervical cancer and breast cancer in women.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: The smoke tar and other harmful substances in the smoke irritate the respiratory tract for a long time, which makes smokers prone to chronic bronchitis, asthma and emphysema, and eventually leads to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and pulmonary heart disease. The prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in smokers is 3 ~ 5 times higher than that in non-smokers. The more you smoke, the longer you smoke, the deeper tobacco smoke is inhaled into the airway, and the earlier you start smoking, the greater the risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Cardiovascular diseases: tar, carbon monoxide, nicotine and other toxic substances in tobacco can damage myocardial and vascular walls, cause cholesterol metabolism disorder and high-density lipoprotein deficiency, and lead to hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, arteriosclerosis and other diseases; Smoking can increase blood viscosity, promote thrombosis, reduce human perception of heart disease precursors, and eventually lead to coronary heart disease and sudden cardiac death.
Smoking can also cause thromboangiitis obliterans of lower limbs. According to the survey, smoking can advance the onset time of coronary heart disease by 10 years, and the probability of myocardial infarction is 3.6 times higher than that of non-smokers. Smoking also increases the risk of death after coronary intervention by an average of 76%.
Cerebrovascular diseases: Smoking will increase the risk of cerebral hemorrhage, cerebral infarction and subarachnoid hemorrhage.
The stroke risk of smokers in China is 2 ~ 3.5 times that of non-smokers, and more than 90% of male stroke patients are smokers. Smoking can also damage brain cells, memory, thinking and judgment, and even lead to mental disorders and Alzheimer's disease.
Diseases of digestive system: Smoking can cause peptic ulcer, gastritis, esophageal and colon diseases, especially the recurrence of peptic ulcer.
Endocrine diseases: Smoking 20 cigarettes a day increases the risk of diabetes 1 times. Smoking can also promote thyroid diseases.
Oral diseases: mild oral odor, yellow teeth, serious cases can cause lip cancer, oral cancer, oral leukoplakia, Candida albicans infection and so on.
Ophthalmic diseases: it can cause toxic optic neuropathy, decreased visual adaptability, macular degeneration, cataract and so on.
Smoking can also cause diseases such as blood diseases and osteoporosis. Serious harm to male sexual function: toxic substances in tobacco can damage testicular pills, reduce the secretion of sex hormones, damage the blood circulation of penis, and cause male impotence.
Harmful substances such as nicotine in tobacco can also reduce the number of sperm and affect the quality of sperm. Will kill sperm, affect the appearance, motility and ability to penetrate eggs of sperm, resulting in male infertility or fetal malformation; The higher the nicotine concentration, the greater the influence.
Smoking can lead to premature aging, menstrual disorder, dysmenorrhea, low estrogen, early menopause, osteoporosis and urinary incontinence. Smoking in pregnant women will seriously affect the development of the fetus at all stages, and it is easy to cause spontaneous abortion, premature delivery, stillbirth or ectopic pregnancy; Cause fetal growth retardation, congenital malformation, etc. When pregnant women smoke, the average birth weight of their babies is reduced by 200g, and the low birth weight babies are twice that of non-smoking women.
Third, the harm of passive smoking to health Passive smoking refers to non-smokers inhaling the smoke exhaled by smokers and the smoke produced by cigarette burning, also known as "involuntary smoking" or "second-hand smoke".
1. Passive smoking has no "safe exposure" level. Some people think that as long as the number of smokers is small and the room area is large enough, the harm can be reduced to a minimum or even no harm, that is, there is a "safe exposure" level. However, scientific evidence shows that there is no "safe exposure" level of passive smoking. Research shows that the current air purification equipment can only remove large particles of smoke, but not small particles, and can not remove all kinds of toxic gases in second-hand smoke. Once cigarette smoke is formed, it is difficult to remove it, and passive smokers will inevitably inhale it. Setting up smoking areas in public places or indoors to separate smokers from non-smokers cannot prevent the harm of "second-hand smoke". The American Ventilation Administration (American Society of Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning Engineers) has concluded that the health risks of exposure to secondhand smoke cannot be controlled by ventilation technology. Therefore, separating smokers from non-smokers, purifying the air or installing ventilation equipment can not eliminate the harm of second-hand smoke to non-smokers. There is a smoking area in the same building, and the normal HVAC system will send second-hand smoke to every corner of the whole building.
Secondhand smoke is also harmful. Because secondhand smoke contains many compounds that can quickly stimulate and damage the intima of respiratory tract, even short-term exposure will lead to serious consequences such as upper respiratory tract injury, increased blood viscosity and intima injury of blood vessels in healthy people. Therefore, the smoke of passive smoking can also cause serious diseases such as lung cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, etc., especially endangering the health of pregnant women, infants and children.
Studies have shown that women who live with smokers are six times more likely to develop lung cancer than ordinary people; 20-30% of lung cancer patients are caused by passive smoking. Infants and young children are particularly vulnerable to passive smoking, which can lead to sudden infant death syndrome, low lung function, bronchitis, pneumonia and asthma. Passive smokers at home or in the workplace have an increased risk of heart disease by 25-30% and lung disease by 20-30%. Fourth, the harm of smoking to teenagers.
Teenagers are in the period of growth and development, and their physiological systems and organs are not yet mature. Their resistance to harmful factors in the external environment is weaker than that of adults, and they are easy to absorb poisons and damage the normal growth of their bodies. According to the survey, if smokers start smoking at a young age and continue to do so, they will have a 50% chance of dying from tobacco-related diseases. Half of them will die before middle age or 70, losing their normal life expectancy of about 22 years. Because of long-term smoking, the mortality rate of smokers at any age from adolescence is about three times higher than that of non-smokers.
Smoking damages the brain and affects intelligence. The content of carbon monoxide in tobacco smoke is very high. After carbon monoxide is inhaled into the human body, it combines with hemoglobin in the blood to form carboxyhemoglobin, which makes hemoglobin unable to combine with oxygen to form oxygenated hemoglobin, thus losing its oxygen-carrying function. Because the human brain needs a lot of oxygen, it is very sensitive to hypoxia. If you smoke too much, you will feel distracted and even have a headache and dizziness. Over time, the brain will be damaged and thinking will become dull. In this way, it will inevitably affect study and work, and make students' academic performance decline.
In addition, for minors, nicotine in tobacco is a neurotoxin that mainly harms people's nervous system. Teenagers subjectively think that smoking can relieve fatigue and refresh their minds, which is a one-off excitement of the nervous system. In fact, the euphoria caused by nicotine is short-lived, and the nervous system is suppressed after excitement. Therefore, the sensitivity and accuracy of neuromuscular response decreased after smoking.
In addition, smoking is easy to infect teenagers with pathogenic bacteria, and the probability that smokers are infected with meningitis, toxemia, pneumonia and ear diseases is more than four times higher than that of non-smokers. Adolescent amblyopia caused by smoking is called "tobacco toxic amblyopia". One of its main manifestations is visual impairment: unclear vision, which is difficult to correct with glasses. With the gradual deterioration of vision, even 0. 1 on the eye chart can't be seen clearly in a certain period of time; Second, the visual field changes: dumbbell-shaped or circular shadows appear in the middle of the visual field in the early stage, and the visual field shrinks in the later stage, and the surroundings are blurred when viewing objects; Third, color vision is abnormal: in particular, red and green cannot be distinguished; Fourth, photophobia: I can't see clearly under strong light. Toxic amblyopia in tobacco develops slowly, which is easy to be ignored by people and may cause blindness in the later stage.
Smoking is harmful to ourselves and others, so we should form a good healthy habit of not smoking.
Question 5: Quitting smoking has many advantages. If you are a smoker, you should change this uncivilized and unhealthy behavior and quit it! If you quit smoking successfully, you will get the following benefits: 1. People who quit smoking live longer than those who continue to smoke. Generally speaking, people who quit smoking before the age of 50 will have a 50% lower risk of death in the next 15 years than those who continue to smoke.
2. The relative risk of lung cancer among smokers is 10- 15 times that of non-smokers. After smokers quit smoking 10 years, their risk of lung cancer will be reduced by 30% to 50% compared with those of persistent smokers.
3. Quitting smoking will reduce the risk of smokers suffering from laryngeal cancer, oral cancer, esophageal cancer, pancreatic cancer, bladder cancer and other cancers.
The risk of smokers dying of coronary heart disease is twice as high as that of never smokers.
Within one year after smokers quit smoking, this risk will be reduced by 50%. After quitting smoking 15 years, the risk will be close to that of never smokers.
Compared with never smokers, the relative risk of smokers dying of stroke is twice as high as that of non-smokers.
Some smokers can reduce this risk to the level of never smokers within five years after quitting smoking, while others need to persist for 15 years to receive this effect.
6. Smoking is the main cause of lung disease. After quitting smoking, a person can reduce the risk of catching cold, pneumonia and bronchitis, and the rate of lung function decline with age will be close to that of never smokers.
7. After quitting smoking, you won't cause family conflicts because of smoking. You can save a lot of money after quitting smoking 10 years. You will not be fined for smoking in public places.
8. Pregnant women smoking makes the fetal and infant mortality rate 25-50% higher than that of normal non-smokers, and the average birth weight of infants is 200 grams lower than the normal value. If you quit smoking four months before pregnancy, these adverse effects can usually be changed.
9. After quitting smoking, you will be able to concentrate more on your study and work and make your face moist and shiny. Make your sense of smell and taste more sensitive and eat more delicious. 10. After quitting smoking, I will never go to places that smell of smoke, and I will never let my family, friends and colleagues eat second-hand smoke again.
Question 6: There are many ways to teach you how to quit smoking successfully, such as acupuncture, quit smoking candy and quit smoking tea, but mainly psychological victory. If smokers really realize the harm of smoking, they will make up their minds to quit smoking as soon as possible. Here is a simple way to quit smoking: 1. Throw away all cigarettes, lighters, matches and ashtrays.
2. Avoid places or activities where you are used to smoking.
Drink water, eat fruit or take a walk after meals to get rid of the idea of smoking a cigarette after meals.
4. When you are addicted to cigarettes, you should take a deep breath immediately, or chew sugar-free gum, and avoid using snacks instead of cigarettes, otherwise your blood sugar will rise and your body will be overweight.
5, resolutely refuse the temptation of cigarettes, often remind yourself that smoking another cigarette is enough to make the plan to quit smoking go up in smoke.
Question 7: Techniques to discourage smoking 1. Standard terms for tobacco control inspectors to persuade smokers hello! This is a non-smoking section. Please observe our rules and don't smoke.
The smoke you smoke is as harmful to your family as to others. Please protect their health! If you must smoke, please smoke in our designated outdoor smoking area. Thank you for your cooperation! Medical staff advised smokers to quit smoking. Quitting smoking is very important for you, and it is one of the most important treatments to restore health.
Smoking is not conducive to your disease control. As a doctor, I strongly advise you to give up smoking! To improve your health, quitting smoking is the best thing you can do.
You are ill. It is not enough to smoke less.
I think coughing has something to do with your smoking. Quitting smoking will improve.
If you want to quit smoking, I can help. Finally, for the health of you and others, please don't smoke; Smoke less and be healthy every day; Smoking less cigarettes will prolong life; Please don't smoke in public places.