A: Psychological counseling and therapy are professional psychological practitioners. The essence of using professional skills to help clients solve their own psychological problems is to help others help themselves.
Psychological counseling and therapy is a process to help visitors know, explore and use their own resources, and also a process to help them learn to endure irreversible pain and increase their endurance for their own growth. It is also a process of mobilizing their awareness of self-help and letting them learn to help themselves enter a virtuous circle in a constructive way.
Pay attention to the problems encountered by ordinary people. Through psychological counseling, we can change our cognition, mood and attitude, and solve self-disharmony and psychological problems in study, work and interpersonal relationship. , improve their self-harmony and ability to adapt to the environment, to help maintain physical and mental health.
Second, is there a difference between psychological counseling and psychotherapy?
A: The object of psychological counseling is mainly psychological counseling aimed at the psychological problems and troubles encountered by ordinary people. Temporarily unbalanced, relatively broad, supportive and developmental, and the issues involved are closely related to the daily life and behavior of ordinary people.
The main target of psychotherapy is people with mental illness or psychological disorder, including depression, neurosis, stress disorder, sexual psychological disorder, serious behavioral disorder and so on. Psychosomatic diseases.
Third, what problems do psychological counseling and psychotherapy specifically solve?
Due to various internal or external reasons, anyone will face some problems or obstacles in work, study, interpersonal relationship, further education, going abroad and growth, such as difficult choices, involuntary entanglements, parent-child relationship, abnormal behavior of children, study, childhood trauma, marriage, disaster, death, bereavement, bankruptcy, emergencies, crises and threats, and there is a certain degree of pressure. Pessimism, depression, insomnia, loss of appetite, decreased interest, overeating, anorexia, reticence, irritability, anxiety, inferiority, depression, jealousy, resentment, anger, helplessness, throwing objects, beating others, fear, self-injury, self-mutilation, suicide, hostility, suicidal thoughts and other self-conflicts and troubles. For at least three days to a week or more.
Fourth, how to conduct psychological counseling and psychotherapy?
Psychologists or counselors communicate directly with visitors, and family members and relatives and friends supplement information to evaluate or distinguish the situation of visitors, and then choose the appropriate method.
The helper and the consultant make an appointment, and the two sides will work together to set the consulting goal, and then * * * will evaluate the consulting effect together.
5. Do counselors do ideological work like teachers, leaders and parents?
Psychological counselors use psychological principles, techniques and methods to choose different psychological methods for different visitors to analyze and solve psychological problems, obstacles or diseases.
Ideological work focuses on communication in politics and education.
Sixth, psychological counseling is a kind of conversation. Do I still need to pay?
Psychological consultation and treatment must have a cost equivalent to its value, because it is a valuable and meaningful work in itself. Psychological counselors and therapists have made a lot of efforts, which will also make visitors or the whole society pay attention to it and take it seriously. It brings people a brand-new inner feeling and inner world, and even affects people's life. The cost of a psychological consultation or treatment will not be more than that of some people going to a restaurant for a meal. The cost of a course of psychological consultation will not exceed the medical cost of any chronic medical disease for one month. An efficient psychological consultation can benefit people far-reaching, and those in need deserve it.
Seven, psychological counseling and treatment is chatting?
Psychological counseling and therapy are planned, targeted, focused and confidential conversations, while chatting is a conversation without any requirements. In psychotherapy, the psychologist and the patient discuss the treatment plan together and determine the clear treatment goal. (Of course, many times, the consultant has a clear goal frame in mind and has not fully explained it to the visitors).
Chatting aimlessly, parents are short and unrestrained, which will touch all kinds of emotional feelings. When chatting, people often talk about other people's privacy or secret history.
Chatting not only has no obligation to keep the conversation confidential, but also has the habit of passing messages.
The dialogue between psychological counseling and therapy is to help patients to increase their understanding of their emotions, beliefs and behaviors, and to enhance their understanding of their motivation and consequences. Every time you experience a psychological conversation, you will increase your self-awareness. Under the guidance of psychological counselors, promoting and developing yourself is the most different place between psychotherapy and chatting. When chatting, people usually don't care about each other's weaknesses In order to avoid embarrassing each other, everyone doesn't talk about their dark side.
The content of the chat may be full of compliments, jokes, frolicking, etc. And the conversation of psychological consultation must be practical and concrete.
The function of chatting is to keep in touch with friends and exchange information in general life and work. Chatting can't help people solve their psychological troubles and mental pains. People with psychological distress and mental pain need psychotherapy most, not chatting.
Everyone will have troubles, and psychological counseling is to help them see what they are afraid of. Worried about what? Are you worried about being looked down upon and belittled by others? Are you afraid of being ignored or abandoned by your relatives or lovers?
Psychological counseling and therapy are different from chatting. Experts engaged in psychotherapy have at least a bachelor's degree in psychology, plus years of clinical training, and there are many psychological conversation methods. Psychologists should treat psychological troubles by "speaking", and they should not only understand the development of human behavior, but also understand the development of behavior, personality and psychology, which is a perfect metacognition process. In short, in today's affluent society and diversified life, psychological counseling and therapy is a professional industry, which is irreplaceable by daily chat.
Eight, how to choose a consultant?
First, understand the consultant's image, including dress, temperament, eyes, expressions, body language (posture) and so on. And feel whether the other party is serious, sincere, steady, calm, calm, peaceful, kind and tolerant.
Psychological counseling is a natural discipline based on various disciplines, which determines whether the other party is knowledgeable, intelligent, broad-minded, helpful and dedicated.
Second, know the age of the consultant. Generally speaking, just because the consultant is younger than you, he can't help you in place. Some people hold this prejudice: she has never been married or given birth, so how can she have experience to guide me? Counselors have special professional conditions and foundations. Empathy is one of them, and you don't have to experience it yourself.
Third, understand the qualifications, academic qualifications and professional background, and the consultants working in the consulting platform have relevant qualifications. Education and qualification are hardware, and the life experience, personality, connotation and moral cultivation of consultants are constantly improving their soft power.
Fourth, understand the consultation and evaluation. This aspect can provide reference, and the evaluation is not necessarily accurate, because some users are not objective about the problem, some people are more emotional, hate others when they are in a bad mood, and have a low evaluation of consultants.
Fifth, talk with the counselor further, understand each other's listening ability and understanding ability, and ask whether your question is professional, mainly, whether the statement is serious, concise and pertinent, whether you can look at the problem objectively and identify the problem.
9. Do you need drugs for psychological counseling and treatment?
This is a matter of great concern to help-seekers, and it is also closely related to doctors and consultants, because whether to "prescribe the right medicine" and "treat both the symptoms and the root causes" are the main standards and basis to show whether it is professional or not.
Medicine is just one of many medical methods. How can it be medicine except psychology? Such as acupuncture, massage, exercise, diet therapy, etc. The highest realm of Chinese medicine is health preservation, and the highest realm of health preservation is nourishing the heart. Chinese medicine is the golden mean, and everyone has reason to explore more about health.
Heart disease needs a psychotherapist.
Drugs are ineffective for symptoms caused by psychosocial factors. Traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine all treat the symptoms rather than the root cause. Drugs will cause harm, side effects, dependence and other adverse reactions to the body to a certain extent. After stopping taking drugs, they still don't know how to face psychological and social problems and fall into psychological conflicts.
If drugs are used, it will shake their belief in mastering their own destiny, affect their determination and motivation to save themselves, seriously make them give up their responsibility for their own rehabilitation and growth, and encourage them to rely on external forces.
Because people's understanding of their own psychological phenomena or mental diseases is still quite limited, the judgment of the causes of mental symptoms basically depends on the understanding of phenomenology. Many cases may be related to biological, psychological and social factors, but it is difficult to accurately identify biological defects or psychological reasons only by evaluating psychological phenomena.
The problem is developing and changing. Help-seekers and psychological counselors should look at the changing problems from a developmental perspective and make necessary corrections in time according to the specific problems in the process of consultation and treatment.
For example, for typical obsessive-compulsive disorder and phobia, drugs have been proved ineffective, and drug abuse should be avoided again.