Mental health has become a hot issue in today's society. The following are the mental health problems of the elderly, welcome to read!
What is the elderly?
The so-called elderly is actually a subjective definition.
At present, there are two international standards to define the elderly, one is 65 years recommended by the United Nations 1956, and the other is 60 years recommended by the World Assembly on Ageing 1982. The former is generally adopted by developed countries, while the latter is accepted by most developing countries. China's newly revised Law of the People's Republic of China on the Protection of the Rights and Interests of the Elderly 20 12 stipulates? The elderly referred to in this law refer to citizens over the age of 60? . In addition, the academic community generally regards 60 years old as the critical point of the elderly. Therefore, it is more appropriate to define the population aged 60 and above as the elderly in China. But this year, as we all know, due to the aging society, our country is going to postpone the retirement age to 65, so in a relative sense, the threshold age of the elderly is equivalent to 65.
Mental health of the elderly and its standard division
The mental health of the elderly should be manifested as: normal intelligence, emotional stability, sound will, strong interpersonal adaptability, moderate response, in line with the psychological characteristics of age.
The division of mental health standards for the elderly should have the following points:
First, have normal feelings and perceptions, normal thinking and good memory;
Second, have a sound personality, emotional stability and strong willpower;
Third, have good interpersonal relationships.
Fourth, there is self-identity.
Main problems of mental health of the elderly
1, the elderly's perception, memory and logical thinking abilities decline, and their emotions tend to be negative.
With the growth of age, the physical function of the elderly is getting worse and worse, and the sensory organs of the elderly are no longer what they used to be, and their sensitivity is gradually decreasing. Such as hearing, smell and vision.
Old people tend to be subjective in their view of problems, and it is difficult to accept other people's suggestions, which leads to the imbalance of personal outlook on life, values and world outlook.
What do you mean? That is, we often say that the old man is stubborn and can't listen to others. Because the thinking ability is not as good as before, more things are based on past experience, so the problem is subjective and stubborn, so the elderly often become the target of scammers, because once these scammers and elderly people believe them, it is difficult for the elderly to be corrected by family and friends, or even the police, and it is very likely that they will not wake up until they are finally cheated out of their finances.
At the same time, the personal emotions of the elderly will also accept physical aging and' major events' encountered in their later years because of helplessness, and their emotions and emotions tend to be depressed and anxious.
2. The elderly have weak willpower.
Older people are generally susceptible to some life events, especially news about accidents, deaths, and the death of relatives and friends. , and generally show an evasive and evasive attitude and are negative and depressed. Older people are particularly prone to sadness, especially when family and friends encounter some events, and even some scenes we see on TV can make us deeply touched.
3. The elderly have a low sense of self-worth.
Most elderly people, especially the very old, consider themselves a burden to their families, which is also the main reason why they don't want to live with their children and choose the service center for the elderly. Besides, everything in life is also a test for the elderly. At the same time, it is difficult for the elderly to gain respect and recognition from others and even society by virtue of their own life experiences and experiences. These conditions have accelerated the generation of inferiority complex of the elderly and formed a low sense of self-identity.
Analysis of factors affecting mental health of the elderly
1, analysis of the elderly's own factors
The elderly themselves are the main factors affecting their mental health, which are embodied in the following aspects:
(1) Physical condition of the elderly
Generally speaking, the elderly generally decline with age. According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory, the elderly have all kinds of physical diseases. If their safety needs are not met, their psychology will be unbalanced and they will easily form wrong cognition and negative emotions.
(2) The negative personality characteristics of the elderly
The elderly with positive and optimistic personality are in good mental health, able to carry out positive self-regulation and relieve negative emotions such as depression and anxiety through self-opening.
The elderly generally have the characteristics of anxiety. They will worry about all kinds of things or people that are related or unrelated to their lives. In the case of insufficient communication with others, the inner burden of the elderly will increase and their mood will be low.
(3) Physical exercise and making friends with the elderly.
2. Analysis of family factors
(1) Is the family harmonious?
A harmonious family shows that family members have good relations and smooth communication. Harmonious family atmosphere is the source of comfort for the elderly. Even if there is disease and economic depression, a harmonious family atmosphere will overcome these material obstacles and make the elderly get spiritual satisfaction.
(2) Changes of family members and economic situation
The death of relatives and friends or some major changes will affect the fragile mind of the elderly, who are easily associated with themselves and feel afraid. Even such news will affect the psychology of the elderly.
Family economic status also has a certain impact on the mental health of the elderly. In the field observation, it is found that this kind of anxiety generally exists in the elderly group, which leads to negative psychological interests such as uselessness and inferiority, and affects mental health.
3. Analysis of social factors
Old people are easily divorced from society, and the existing social system will also make them automatically divorced from society.
(1) The social participation of the elderly declined.
Old people do not participate in social work because of retirement, poor health and other reasons. Old people who are forced to evacuate and voluntarily leave social activities mainly live at home. Narrow circle of friends can easily derail the elderly from modern society.
Once someone in the circle of friends of the elderly deteriorates and dies, it will affect the mood of the elderly in the circle of friends. There are no young people in the circle of friends of the elderly, which will aggravate their depression, depression and other negative emotions, thus affecting their mental health.
(2) The elderly receive less attention.
The degree of social support and respect for the elderly reflects the importance attached to the elderly group.
The survey found that most elderly people generally have a sense of uselessness, which comes not only from the influence of physical weakness, but also from the information transmitted by the outside world, people's disrespect for the elderly in society, doubts about their own abilities, and the reduction of communication with the elderly.
Six psychological characteristics of long-lived elderly people
Treat others with tolerance
Optimistic and open-minded
Wide interest
enjoy life
A contented mind is perpetual feast.
Suppress sadness and anger
The secret of longevity of the elderly in Japan
Forget death, you can ask for the fear of losing.
Forget about money and free yourself from the bondage of money.
Forget your children and grandchildren, and leave your work for the next generation.
Reasonable diet, moderate exercise, smoking cessation and alcohol restriction, psychological balance
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