Mental health knowledge 1. Mental health knowledge of primary school students
According to the mental health standards put forward by the World Mental Health Association, combined with the characteristics of primary school students' mental health development, we determine the mental health standards of primary school students as six aspects, namely, the level of intellectual development, emotional stability, learning adaptability, objectification of self-knowledge, social adaptability and behavior habits.
(1) Level of intellectual development: Although people with excellent intellectual development may not have a healthy mind, if the level of intellectual development is low, there is no mental health at all. Therefore, the intellectual development of a mentally healthy pupil should be normal.
On the other hand, if the intelligence level is low, it is not mental health. (2) Emotional stability: Pupils with mental health are generally in a good mood, and positive emotional states such as cheerful, optimistic, happy and satisfied are dominant, but at the same time they can produce reasonable emotional changes with the changes of things.
The so-called reasonable emotional change is a kind of reaction. When something happy happens, I feel happy, and when something unfortunate happens, I feel sad. In addition, you can control your emotions appropriately according to different occasions.
(3) Learning adaptability: A mentally healthy pupil usually likes to go to school and thinks learning is a pleasant thing and relaxed; Often have a strong interest in learning content, willing to overcome the difficulties encountered in learning; Learning efficiency is high. (4) objectification of self-cognition: mentally healthy pupils can smoothly change from egocentrism to egocentrism; We can connect ourselves with the objective reality, mainly look for reference points from the surrounding environment to evaluate ourselves, and begin to show objectivity in our understanding of ourselves.
(5) Social adaptability: mentally healthy pupils often have the ability to live independently. They can handle daily affairs by themselves, adapt to social life in different environments, be willing to associate with classmates and teachers, integrate into collective life, and consciously restrain themselves with social norms to make their behavior conform to the requirements of society, instead of being self-centered, isolating themselves and incompatible with the people around them. (6) Behavioral habits: Mentally healthy pupils generally have good behavioral habits, and react moderately to external behaviors without being overly sensitive or slow; They don't lose their temper because of trivial things, and they rarely act inexplicably, and their behavior conforms to their age characteristics.
2. Mental health knowledge
Edit this paragraph [English] Mental Health Edit this paragraph [noun explanation] The environment that individuals can adapt to and develop has perfect personality characteristics; And its cognition, emotional response and will behavior are in a positive state, which can maintain normal adjustment ability.
Edit this paragraph [Introduction] Mental health is an inseparable and important aspect of modern people's health, so what is human mental health? There are standards for a person's physical health, and there are standards for a person's mental health. However, the standard of people's mental health is not as specific and objective as the standard of people's physical health.
Foreign scholars have discussed the standards of mental health. For example, ingrid thinks: "Mental health refers to a continuous mental state, in which the parties can adapt well and have the vitality of life, and can fully develop their physical and mental potential; This is a positive enrichment.
Not just mental illness. "Mai Linger believes:" Mental health refers to people's most efficient and pleasant adaptation to the environment and each other.
Not only to be efficient, but also to be satisfied, or to accept the norms of life happily, but to have both. A mentally healthy person should be able to keep calm mood, keen intelligence, behavior suitable for social environment and pleasant temperament. "
Masler believes that a mentally healthy person should have the following qualities: (1) having an efficient perception of reality; (2) Have spontaneous but not vulgar thoughts; (3) Being able to accept yourself and others; (4) Be independent in the environment and enjoy peace. (5) attaching importance to philosophy and moral theory; (6) Interested in ordinary things, even in daily work; (7) Being able to establish deep feelings with a few people and having the spirit of helping others; (8) Have a democratic attitude, creative ideas and a sense of humor; (9) Can experience joy and hurt.
We believe that people's mental health includes the following seven aspects: normal intelligence, emotional health, sound will, coordinated behavior, adaptability to interpersonal relationships, moderate response, and psychological characteristics adapted to age. Understanding and mastering the definition of mental health is of great significance for strengthening and maintaining people's health.
People have mastered people's health standards and made self-diagnosis of mental health on this basis. If you find that one or several aspects of your mental state are far from the standard of mental health, you should strengthen psychological exercise in a targeted way to reach the level of mental health.
If you find that your mental state seriously deviates from the mental health standards, you should seek medical advice in time, and make early diagnosis and treatment. Now the standard of mental health is defined as follows: first, you have enough adaptability; Second, you can fully understand yourself and make a moderate evaluation of your ability; Third, the reality of life goals; Fourth, not divorced from the real environment; Five, can maintain the integrity and harmony of personality; 6. Be good at learning from experience; Seven, can maintain good interpersonal relationships; Eight, can moderately vent emotions and control emotions; Nine, under the premise of not violating the collective interests, can play a limited role of personality; Ten, under the premise of not violating social norms, can properly meet the basic needs of individuals. Mental health in this paragraph includes normal intelligence, which is the most basic psychological condition of normal life and the primary standard of mental health.
The International Classification of Diseases proposed by the World Health Organization (WHO) regards mental retardation or retardation as a psychological disorder and abnormal behavior. People who are good at coordinating and controlling emotions and have good mental health can always maintain a happy, cheerful, confident and satisfied mood, be good at seeking fun from life and be full of hope for life.
More importantly, good emotional stability. A healthy will with strong will quality has the following characteristics: clear and reasonable purpose, high consciousness; Good at analyzing the situation and being decisive; Strong will, perseverance and strong psychological endurance; Good self-control, not only has the firmness of realistic goals, but also can restrain the desire, motivation, emotion and behavior that interfere with the realization of goals, and does not indulge willfulness.
Harmonious interpersonal relationships are as follows: first, they are willing to communicate with others and have stable and extensive interpersonal relationships and intimate friends; Second, maintain an independent and complete personality in communication, have self-knowledge and be neither humble nor supercilious; Third, we can objectively evaluate others, make up for our own shortcomings with people's strengths, be lenient with others, live in harmony and be helpful; Fourth, there are more positive attitudes than negative attitudes in communication. The ultimate goal of actively adapting to and transforming the environment and maintaining personality integrity and mental health is to maintain personality integrity and cultivate a sound personality.
The main signs of personality integrity and health are: ① there are no obvious defects and deviations in the structural elements of personality; (two) have a clear sense of self, and do not produce confusion of self-identity; ③ Take a positive outlook on life as the core of personality and use it to effectively control your behavior; ④ It has relatively complete and unified psychological characteristics. Psychological behavior conforms to age characteristics. A person's psychological behavior often seriously deviates from his age characteristics, which is generally a manifestation of psychological unhealthy.
Edit the relationship between mental health and physical health in this paragraph. Many people think that physical health and mental health are two unrelated concepts. In fact, this is not correct.
In real life, mental health and physical health are interrelated and interactive, and mental health affects people's physical health all the time. If a person is withdrawn and psychologically depressed for a long time, it will affect the secretion of hormones and reduce people's resistance, and diseases will take advantage of it.
If a healthy person always doubts what's wrong with him, he will be depressed all day, and eventually he will really get sick. Therefore, in daily life, on the one hand, we should pay attention to reasonable diet and physical exercise, on the other hand, we should cultivate our own sentiments, broaden our minds and avoid being in a tense emotional state for a long time.
If you feel that your mood continues to be unhappy, you should make psychological self-adjustment in time, and go to a psychological clinic or psychological counseling center for help when necessary to ensure your overall psychological and physical health. With the rapid development of natural science and the arrival of the information age, our society is undergoing unprecedented changes.
The degree of industrialization, modernization, socialization and integration has been continuously improved; People's life is getting faster and faster, time is becoming more and more precious, and people are becoming more and more efficient.
3. Little knowledge and common sense of mental health
Mental health knowledge
1. Know yourself, accept yourself and affirm yourself.
2. Be responsible for your own life.
3. Have great dreams and set clear life goals.
4. Learn self-control, overcome temptation and live in reality.
5. Learn to deal with anger, depression, melancholy and boredom.
6. Always encourage yourself to enhance your self-confidence.
7. Establish good interpersonal relationships.
8. Pay attention to exercise and show vitality.
9. Learn to think and develop a positive attitude towards learning and life.
10, purify the mind and pursue a peaceful state of mind.
Improvement of interpersonal communication ability
Self-regulation in interpersonal communication is an inevitable and important behavior in life.
People's psychological adaptation is mainly the adaptation to interpersonal relationships, so people's psychological diseases are mainly due to the imbalance of interpersonal relationships.
1, learn to cultivate an outlook on life that is conducive to his dedication.
2. Learn the psychological adjustment of role-playing.
3. Have a correct understanding of competition and cooperation.
4|, accept yourself and others.
5. Correctly handle the three emotions, three principles and three methods in interpersonal communication.
6. Eliminate bad psychology in interpersonal communication.
4. Who knows some health tips in life?
1. Get up and defecate once every morning.
After a night of digestion and absorption, the stomach produces some waste, which can reduce the harm of waste to the body through defecation; Drink a glass of boiled water before breakfast every day. After a night's rest, a lot of water is lost in the human body. Drinking a cup of boiled water not only helps to replenish the necessary water for the human body, but also helps to clean the stomach and drive away the air on an empty stomach. 3. Take proper physical exercise every day.
People are full of energy, charming and healthy because of exercise. Having a good body can promote life and work.
Tips: Physical exercise should be gradual, and the intensity of exercise can be determined according to your own situation. Don't overdo it, it will harm all tissues of the body. 4. Soak your feet before going to bed.
This is conducive to promoting blood circulation throughout the body, relaxing various tissues of the body and helping to sleep.
5. Mental health knowledge 100 words
Mental health: it is the most common view to divide health and unhealthy according to whether an individual can adapt to the environment.
A person is well adapted to the environment, psychologically healthy, poorly adapted and unhealthy. There are relatively objective indexes for people's physical health in medicine, but there is no recognized and consistent standard for people's mental health. According to the relevant information at home and abroad, we sum up several psychological characteristics that a mentally healthy person should have in order to deepen our understanding of the concept of mental health.
1. Harmonious interpersonal relationship
Mentally healthy people have positive and good interpersonal relationships, have their own friends and are willing to associate with others. Always show respect, trust, friendship, sympathy, help and understanding when getting along with others. He can not only accept the advantages of others, but also tolerate their shortcomings.
2. Correct self-concept
Mentally healthy people can not only objectively evaluate others, but also correctly understand and accept themselves. He can exert his potential, correct and overcome his shortcomings, experience the value of his existence, and devote himself to social ideals that conform to the laws of social development.
3. Healthy emotional experience
People with mental health have a healthy emotional experience. His emotional state is caused by appropriate reasons, the intensity of emotional reaction is commensurate with the situation that caused it, and the duration of emotion changes with the objective situation. He has both positive emotional states such as pleasure, happiness and joy, and negative emotional states such as anger, fear and anxiety, but the positive emotional experience is often more than the negative emotional experience, and he can always maintain a happy and optimistic mood.
4. Love life and be willing to study and work.
Mentally healthy people, love life and are willing to study and work; In my study and work, I always strive to make progress, be positive, give full play to my intelligence and try my best to achieve the greatest success.
5. Face up to reality and accept it
A mentally healthy person can face the reality, accept the reality, objectively reflect the reality and treat the reality with a correct attitude. He can not only face up to all kinds of difficulties in life, study and work, but also solve them properly in practical and effective ways; For setbacks, you can also adopt mature and sound adaptive methods to solve them, and never try to escape.
6. Normal behavior, perfect and harmonious personality
For people with mental health, the internal reaction and external performance of behavior are consistent; Before and after the behavior is consistent and unified; The intensity of behavioral response is consistent with * * *. A person whose psychological activity and behavior are harmonious is called a person with complete and harmonious personality.
7. Psychological behavior conforms to age characteristics.
People's psychological and behavioral performance always develops and changes with age. This development and change has some age stages. People of the same age have some similarities in psychological and behavioral performance. A mentally healthy person should have the same psychological and behavioral characteristics as most of his peers.
* The definition of health by the United Nations World Health Organization: Health refers not only to the absence of disease in the body, but also to the sound and optimal state of psychological and social adaptability.
The research of modern scientists reveals that mental health and physical health are mutually influenced, restricted and dialectically unified.
* Diseases that cause organ dysfunction or tissue damage due to long-term negative emotions are called psychosomatic diseases in modern medicine.
China ancient medicine put forward the theory that worldly desires, happiness, anger, worry, thinking, sadness, fear and shock caused diseases long ago, and thought that mind and body were unified, which had many similarities with modern western psychosomatic medicine theory.
6. Little knowledge and common sense of mental health.
Mental health knowledge 1, know yourself, accept yourself and affirm yourself.
2. Be responsible for your own life. 3. Have great dreams and set clear life goals.
4. Learn self-control, overcome temptation and live in reality. 5. Learn to deal with anger, depression, melancholy and boredom.
6. Always encourage yourself to enhance your self-confidence. 7. Establish good interpersonal relationships.
8. Pay attention to exercise and show vitality. 9. Learn to think and develop a positive attitude towards learning and life.
10, purify the mind and pursue a peaceful state of mind. The improvement of interpersonal communication ability and self-regulation of interpersonal communication are inevitable and important behaviors in life.
People's psychological adaptation is mainly the adaptation to interpersonal relationships, so people's psychological diseases are mainly due to the imbalance of interpersonal relationships. 1, learn to cultivate an outlook on life that is conducive to his dedication.
2. Learn the psychological adjustment of role-playing; 3. Have a correct understanding of competition and cooperation; 4. Accept yourself and others. 5. Correctly handle the three emotions, three principles and three methods in interpersonal communication.
6. Eliminate bad psychology in interpersonal communication.
7. Knowledge about mental health problems
2 1 century is the era of preventive medicine and self-care medicine, and mental health and health promotion will become the priority development strategy of health undertakings.
Taking senior high school students as the research object, this paper makes statistics and analysis on the data through questionnaires and personal interviews, and analyzes the mental health problems of middle school students, so as to understand their psychological characteristics, psychological activities, various psychological forms and emotional tendencies, and provide some references for educators. 1. Introduction: The declaration of the World Health Organization has repeatedly pointed out in recent years: "Health is not only the absence of physical diseases and weakness, but also a state of good physical, psychological and social functions."
So health not only refers to physical and physiological aspects, but also includes psychological aspects. Last year, a senior three girl in our school committed suicide by taking poison because of unbearable ideological pressure; Junior three boys in a nearby middle school jumped off a building because they doubted others for no reason. This seemingly special event reflects the psychological barriers of young students now.
With the development of China's economy and culture and the progress of education, especially the transition from exam-oriented education to quality education, the mental health problems of middle school students should be paid more attention, studied and discussed by all parties. How to strengthen adolescent mental health education and health care and prevent mental illness has become an increasingly urgent problem to be solved.
2. Research objects, methods and results Research objects: 2500 middle school students in our school. Research methods: Questionnaire survey of mental health level test (2500 test papers were distributed, and 25 16 were recovered, with a recovery rate of 96.64%, indicating that this survey is effective). The test results show that although 50% of the students' mental health status is good and 30% of the students are in the basic normal range, there are still 10- 15% of the students below the normal level, especially 3-6% of the students have serious psychological troubles.
The above situation shows that middle school students do have mental health problems. Of course, first of all, we should make clear the standard of mental health of middle school students.
3. 1 World Health Organization (W.H.0 1948) defines the standard of mental health as follows: "There are not only physical defects and diseases, but also a state of complete physical, psychological and social adaptation." In addition to physical diseases, health should also have psychological stability and good social adaptability.
Only when an individual's healthy physiology and psychology are combined together and well adapted to society can he present a perfect state of health. Referring to the mental health standards proposed by the World Health Association, I set the mental health standards for middle school students as follows: (1) Normal cognitive development; Emotional stability and optimism; Sound will, strong sense of action, tenacity, decisiveness and self-control; Harmonious interpersonal relationship.
3.2 The main problems existing in teenagers' psychological quality today 3.2. 1 Students' intelligence problems mainly include ADHD, learning skills disorder, abnormal intelligence, inattention, weariness of learning, lack of innovation ability and poor practical ability. 3.2.2 Emotional problem will is a psychological process of consciously controlling and regulating behavior and overcoming difficulties to achieve predetermined and goals.
The emotional problems of students are mainly anxiety, emotional instability, rebellious psychology and aggressive behavior. Examination anxiety, especially when encountering more important exams, is more serious and even generalized.
Through the questionnaire survey, it is found that the wrong score view is the most important reason for students' psychological pain. Teachers' ridicule, classmates' contempt and even parents' complaints and abuse have caused great psychological pressure on students.
3.2.3 Will problem Will is a psychological process of consciously controlling and regulating behavior and overcoming difficulties to achieve predetermined goals. The problem of students' will is mainly manifested in their weak will, unable to control themselves when they are excited and unable to withstand the temptation of the outside world.
3.2.4 Personality problems Students' personality problems are mainly manifested as poor self-control, cowardice, self-centeredness, inferiority, autism, unsociable, and lack of cooperation spirit. 3.3 The analysis of the causes of various psychological problems shows that some genetic factors, bad prenatal environment and bad early growth environment may be the main factors leading to mental disorders such as ADHD, learning skills disorder and mental abnormality.
3.3. 1 aggressive behavioral psychology believes that attack is a negative way to vent tension and dissatisfaction. There are two ways to attack: one is direct attack, and the other is turning attack. The former is to vent their anger on other objects.
Self-abuse, self-abuse or suicide also belong to the attack, which is characterized by turning the target to yourself. Teachers and parents can use the method of "diverting attention" to pay more attention to aggressive students and divert their attention with some interesting things in daily life, so as to cultivate interest, cultivate temperament and achieve the goal of "radical cure".
3.3.2 Adolescent students in the "psychological weaning period" strongly demand that others treat them as adults. Their self-awareness has made unprecedented progress, but their self-control ability is still relatively poor, and they will consciously or unconsciously violate discipline; They like to argue with others, but the arguments are insufficient; I like to express my views, but I'm not sure; Like to doubt or attack others, but easy to be one-sided and lack of factual basis.
3.3.3 The main reasons for the unsociable phenomenon are the doting of parents and grandparents, the lack of opportunities for group activities to play games with other small partners, and the lack of cultivation of students' team spirit in school education. 4. Conclusion Only those who are well coordinated in cognition, emotion, personality and interpersonal relationship can be regarded as mentally healthy people.
One of the main goals of school education is to improve students' health. We should fully understand the position and role of school education in improving the mental health level of adolescent students, master the causes of adolescent psychological obstacles and ways to overcome them, so that our students can truly become a new generation with high academic performance, good health and beautiful mind.