A brief introduction to the knowledge of preventing germs (how to draw pictures to eliminate virus organisms and prevent various infectious diseases in the spring of grade six) 1. How to draw pictures to eliminate virus organisms and prevent various infectious diseases in the spring of grade six?
How to prevent various viral infectious diseases in spring? There are many kinds of infectious diseases in spring, which are very harmful. We should raise the awareness of preventing viral infectious diseases and actively take preventive and comprehensive control measures.
To prevent infectious diseases in spring, the first thing is to protect the susceptible population. Planned artificial active immunization is the main link to prevent various infectious diseases.
At present, China has successfully developed more than 30 kinds of active immune preparations such as vaccines, bacterin and toxoid, which can successfully prevent measles, whooping cough, mumps, rubella, epidemic hemorrhagic fever, hepatitis B, hepatitis A, polio, Japanese encephalitis, cholera and typhoid. China has formulated more detailed planned immunization measures to immunize school-age children. Preventive vaccine is the best active means to prevent infectious diseases, and it is also a preventive measure with small investment and great effect.
Secondly, it is necessary to carry out health education and patriotic health campaigns, popularize health and disease prevention knowledge, and let all citizens establish a sense of prevention of infectious diseases. Cut off the route of infection.
Mainly includes the elimination of four pests (rats, insects, flies, mosquitoes) and cockroaches and other harmful insects. Strengthen the management or harmless treatment of diet, water source and feces.
Do not eat or process unclean food, refuse to eat all kinds of seafood and meat raw, and do not drink raw water. Don't take the garbage out casually, don't pile it up casually, and the garbage should be destroyed in a unified way.
Strengthen the health and quarantine work at frontier, domestic and epidemic areas, especially cut off the international spread of infectious diseases. Do a good job in the sanitary management of slaughterhouses, especially livestock, poultry and livestock products, to prevent human and animal diseases.
Manage the source of animal infection and vaccinate dogs, cats and various domestic animals. Paying attention to personal hygiene and protection and developing good hygiene habits are also the key to preventing infectious diseases in spring.
Wash your hands before and after meals, clear your nose when sneezing and coughing, and be sure to change, wash and dry your clothes and bedding frequently when you come out. Never spit or urinate. Keep indoor air circulation in the office and at home.
In the season when respiratory infectious diseases are prevalent, the number of people going to public places (such as farmers' markets, cinemas, recreation rooms, etc.) should be reduced. ), wear a mask when going out and do the necessary air disinfection. Keep some commonly used disinfectants at home, such as 84 disinfectant and peracetic acid disinfectant. , and regularly disinfect and clean indoor surfaces.
In spring, the metabolism of various organs, tissues and cells of the human body begins to flourish, which is a good time to exercise. We should take an active part in physical exercise, breathe fresh air in the suburbs and outdoors, take a walk, jog, do exercises and punch every day, so as to make our blood flow smoothly, stretch our bones and muscles and enhance our physique. When exercising, we must pay attention to climate change, avoid morning fog and sandstorm, arrange the amount of exercise reasonably, and self-monitor our physical condition to avoid adverse effects on our health.
Besides, sleep and rest are better. Regular life and adequate rest and sleep are very important for improving one's own resistance.
It is necessary to arrange work and rest reasonably, so that life is regular and work and rest are combined. For example, some people play cards and video games all night, and overwork will inevitably lead to a decline in disease resistance and vulnerability to virus infection. The climate in spring is changeable, and it is warm and cold at first sight. If clothes are suddenly reduced, it is easy to reduce the immunity of human respiratory tract and make pathogens easy to invade.
You must add or subtract clothes according to the weather changes, and you can't lose too much at once. Reasonable arrangement of diet, windy and dry in spring, especially in the north, is also the season when the yang rises and discharges, and it is easy to get hot.
Diet should not be too spicy, too much will help to get angry, and it is not advisable to drink too much and be greasy. To reduce the airway, don't smoke or drink.
Drink plenty of water, get enough vitamins, and eat foods rich in high-quality protein, sugar and trace elements, such as lean meat, eggs, dates, honey, fresh vegetables and fruits. It is prone to explosive meningitis in spring and can be life-threatening within six hours. Epidemic meningitis is an acute respiratory infectious disease that is easy to spread in winter and spring, especially fulminant meningitis, which has a sudden onset, dangerous condition and rapid progress, and is often life-threatening within 24 hours or even 6 hours.
What is fulminant epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis? Fulminant epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis is one of the clinical types of epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis (meningitis) infection, which has the following characteristics: the age of susceptible people is not fixed. In the past, fulminant epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis was more common in children, and it was generally believed that infants aged 6 months to 2 years were susceptible to epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis. However, adults may also suffer from fulminant meningitis in recent years.
Fulminant epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis has a sudden onset, rapid development, almost no symptoms of upper respiratory tract infection, and soon enters a severe stage, which is life-threatening. According to its dangerous manifestations, the disease can be divided into three types: 1. Septic shock type: characterized by rapid circulatory failure, characterized by sudden high fever, pale face, obvious drop or undetectable blood pressure, oliguria or anuria.
Although this type has listlessness, disturbance of consciousness or convulsion, most of them have no signs of meningitis, and the cerebrospinal fluid examination is normal or the cell number is only slightly increased. 2. Meningitis type: characterized by severe intracranial hypertension, characterized by severe headache, frequent and severe vomiting, elevated blood pressure, slow and strong pulse, repeated or persistent convulsions and rapid coma.
3. Mixed type: It is the most serious type with the above two manifestations, and the mortality rate is extremely high. Even with antibiotics, the mortality rate of this type is still above 10%.
How to deal with fulminant epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis ● Identify epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis as early as possible and master the essentials:1~ May is the epidemic season, and March is the peak; Children from 6 months to 2 years old are the most sick; The core symptoms are high fever, skin bleeding spots and ecchymosis. Effective use of vaccines for prevention, meningococcal vaccination belongs to planned immunization.
Because there are two kinds of vaccines at present, which are easy to cause confusion, it is necessary to vaccinate according to local specific regulations. ● Seek medical attention as soon as possible.
At present, there are many effective antibiotics to control meningococcus, and timely treatment can control the development of the disease, and most of them have remarkable effects. However, if the timing of treatment is delayed, serious consequences may occur.
● In case of epidemic meningitis, don't take children to public places. If there is meningitis in schools or kindergartens, we can temporarily suspend classes and take care of children as appropriate, and vaccinate students and children urgently, but we must strictly control the contraindications of vaccination. ● Organize disinfection of epidemic spots in time. If the epidemic occurs in schools and other places where people gather, it is necessary to do a good job in environmental sanitation and personal hygiene.
2. How to learn the educational knowledge of food safety and infectious disease prevention and control?
The key to effectively prevent the occurrence and prevalence of infectious diseases is to cut off the transmission chain formed by three links of infectious diseases. To this end, we must seriously:
1, develop good hygiene habits and improve self-prevention ability.
2, strengthen physical exercise, enhance the resistance to infectious diseases.
3. Vaccinate according to regulations to improve immunity.
4, do a good job in environmental sanitation, eliminate the spread of mosquitoes, flies, rats, cockroaches and other pests.
5. Infected patients should be found, reported, diagnosed, isolated and treated early to prevent cross infection.
6, infectious patients contact supplies and rooms are strictly disinfected. Perceive tmall
3. What are the tips to prevent diseases?
1. Wash hands frequently: The respiratory secretions of patients with respiratory infectious diseases, such as nasal mucus and sputum, contain a large number of pathogens, which may be transmitted to healthy people through hand contact, so special attention should be paid to hand hygiene.
2. Drink plenty of water: the autumn climate is dry, the dust content in the air is high, and the human nasal mucosa is easily damaged. Drinking plenty of water and keeping the nasal mucosa moist can effectively resist the invasion of viruses, and also help to excrete toxins in the body and purify the environment in the body.
3. Air circulation: In order to prevent the virus from spreading through the air. In order to keep the air in the classroom fresh, always open the doors and windows for ventilation. Good ventilation can destroy 80% of natural bacteria, so it is very important to keep the air fresh through natural ventilation. During the break, students should try to move outside the classroom instead of staying in the classroom.
4. Strengthen nutrition: eat more fruits and vegetables rich in vitamin C to ensure adequate nutrition and enhance immunity.
5. Strengthen exercise: pay attention to daily physical exercise, improve the body's immunity and resistance, and enhance the adaptability to the external environment.
6. Reasonable work and rest: keep the law of life, ensure adequate sleep, prevent excessive tension and fatigue and reduce physical resistance, and try not to go to public places where people are concentrated.
7. Pay attention to cold and warmth: the temperature difference between day and night in autumn is large, so students should add clothes in time according to climate change.
8. Timely detection and treatment: If you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately to avoid delaying your illness.
9. In addition, immunization can also be carried out: corresponding vaccination can be carried out before the epidemic season, such as influenza, pneumonia, measles, meningitis and other vaccines to prevent corresponding respiratory infectious diseases.
4. How to teach children about bacteria
How do parents correctly guide their children to face the epidemic? How to teach children about germs?
Please, mom and dad.
Creator in the field of quality parenting
The beginning of this year can be considered quite unforgettable. The whole country is shrouded in the haze of this rampant epidemic. The people of the whole country were isolated at home, not going out or visiting relatives, so a lively Spring Festival passed quietly. We pay attention to the news reports of the epidemic every day, watch the increase in the number of confirmed cases, and also care about the dynamics of those patients who are receiving treatment. The whole country worked together to fight the epidemic. What every family can do for the country is to protect themselves and their families, reduce going out, learn to prevent, and not increase the burden on the country.
As parents, seeing the epidemic spreading and spreading so rapidly, the first thing that comes to mind is to protect their children, how to protect their children from the virus and ensure their safety. This is what parents are most concerned about. Although we can't go out during the Spring Festival, our information is not hindered by the outside world. Write this knowledge down and let parents pass it on to their children. These are closely related to them, so that children can understand:
What is a bacterium?
The sudden epidemic is spread by the news every day, which makes people panic. Children at home may not know what happened when they see the nervous expression of adults. They may think that the disease has nothing to do with themselves, but the severity and violence of this epidemic will also pose a great threat to children. Therefore, this time, children must know what bacteria are.
Bacteria are tiny microorganisms that can't be recognized by the naked eye, but they are aggressive and can invade the human body strongly, making us feel feverish, weak and even life-threatening. Bacteria are everywhere and may spread and spread at any time. If it is not properly guarded, it will penetrate into every space.
How can children protect themselves when germs come?
Children are afraid of getting sick. If you tell them that bacteria will affect human health, they will be afraid, but parents want children more. Although bacteria are like wild animals, they can still be protected and blocked. We can make our children healthy by taking good precautions.
1, learn to improve immunity
Tell children that immunity is your armor, which can keep bacteria out of your body and become a weapon to protect you. Therefore, we must have good immunity at ordinary times. You should have a regular work and rest, eat well, don't be picky about food or partial eclipse, eat more fruits and vegetables, exercise regularly and enhance your body resistance. Only by doing this can this armor be harder and indestructible.
2. Pay attention to hygiene.
The reason why germs can enter the body is because personal hygiene is not well protected. Please tell the children that your little hands are crawling everywhere, covered with bacteria. If you don't wash your hands in time, these small bacteria will enter the body along your hands and mouth, which will affect your health. After playing, be sure to wash your hands before eating and after going to the toilet to "kill" these small bacteria. Hand washing needs to be thorough, small bacteria are stubborn, and strong hand rubbing and deep cleaning are needed to take away all the bacteria in these gaps, so be careful when washing your hands again, so don't give bacteria a chance to survive.
3. Protect yourself and others.
We should tell children that germs can be easily transmitted to others through saliva and snot. Protecting yourself is very important, and protecting others is more important. We can't make others sick because of our negligence. When sneezing, cover your mouth with a tissue or elbow to prevent saliva from splashing on others, and completely eliminate your saliva in your own hands, which will also reassure others.
4. Tell your children not to be afraid
Children are born timid. Maybe such a disease will make children afraid. As parents, we should protect their bodies and care about their psychology. Dear children, please don't be afraid. No matter how terrible the germs are, as long as we protect them properly, those little germs can't do evil. Besides, many of us in angels in white are fighting the germs in front. As long as we firmly believe that as long as we cooperate with doctors, we will all be healthy. We will stay at home, indoors. When we go out again, it must be spring.
The child is still young, and we can't convey it in professional language. So tell the kids. Anyway, as long as we are United, the disease will soon pass. With the concerted efforts of thousands of people in Qian Qian, our motherland will surely overcome the disease safely and smoothly this time.
5. Handwritten report on primary school students' health knowledge
"Four Diligences": Wash hands, bathe, manicure and clean frequently.
Hands often touch here and there, which is easy to get dirty. If you buckle your nose, rub your eyes and touch your mouth with dirty hands, it will bring germs into your body and cause diseases.
So be sure to wash your hands frequently. Skin is the first line of defense to maintain health.
Frequent bathing can remove dust and bacteria from hair, skin surface and pores in time, and prevent sores, tinea and scabies. It is easy to hide dust, germs, viruses and parasites under your nails, so you should always cut your nails.
In addition, poor sanitation is easy to spread diseases. Clean frequently and keep indoor and outdoor clean.
"Two noes": Do not use sanitary ware (such as towels, cups, etc.). ) and don't litter. "Five good": good mental adjustment, good living arrangement, good diet adjustment, good clothing and good health care.
Adjust the mentality: just keep a good mood. In this way, people not only feel comfortable, but also enhance their immunity to diseases.
We should attach importance to science, not superstition, and use science to guide our lives. Arrange your own life: arrange a certain time for study, physical exercise, housework and other activities every day.
And pay attention to the rules of life. Good diet regulation: Pay attention to food hygiene and nutrition, and try to eat some vegetables, fruits and bean products every day.
Get dressed: just pay attention to the weather changes, change clothes at any time, and actively prevent colds. Good health care: pay attention to the health of yourself and your family. If you have fever or diarrhea, please seek medical advice promptly.
Never take medicine in disorder. Good living habits are good for brain health. Teenagers are in the best stage of physical development and learning cultural knowledge.
Most parents want their children to be healthy, study well and achieve something in society in the future, which requires a strong body and a smart mind. Good living habits are good for the brain.
First, have a good breakfast. There has always been a saying that breakfast is good, lunch is full, and dinner is few. But because the morning is the most stressful time, some children are lazy and have no time to eat breakfast.
This is very harmful to the brain, because skipping breakfast leads to low blood sugar and insufficient nutrition supply to the brain. Morning is the time when homework is the most, and the energy needed by the brain is not supplied, which will affect homework and brain development in the long run. Fresh milk is best for breakfast. It not only contains high-quality protein, but also contains lecithin necessary for brain development.
Second, ensure adequate sleep. Sleep is a period of rest and adjustment for the brain. Sleep can not only make the cells in the cerebral cortex not fail, but also replenish the consumed energy and achieve a new balance in the process of excitement and inhibition in the cerebral cortex.
Good sleep can improve memory. Teenagers should ensure 8 hours of sleep every day.
At the same time, you should be careful not to cover your head when you sleep, because when you sleep with your head covered, with the continuous increase of carbon dioxide concentration in the quilt, the oxygen concentration will continue to decrease, and the brain will not get sufficient oxygen supply, which will cause great harm to the brain for a long time. Third, drink more water.
Water is the most important part of the human body. Studies have found that insufficient drinking water is an important reason for the accelerated aging of the brain. Teenagers should drink at least 8 glasses of water every day to ensure their physical needs.
Take part in physical exercise. Exercise can not only make bones and muscles strong, but also promote the development of brain and internal organs.
Fourth, don't use your brain when you are sick. When you are in poor health or suffering from various acute diseases, you should rest.
At this time, if you still insist on learning to use your brain, it is not only inefficient, but also easy to cause brain damage. School health publicity materials. Daily study time, outdoor activity time and sleep time of primary and secondary school students: 1. Study time (including self-study): primary school students should not exceed 6 hours a day; No more than 8 hours for middle school students.
2. Outdoor activities: primary school students should spend no less than 3-3.5 hours a day, and middle school students should spend no less than 2-2.5 hours. 3. Sleep time: primary school students should sleep 10 hours a day, and middle school students should sleep for 9 hours.
Second, brushing methods, reading and writing posture, personal hygiene "four diligence" and "five noes". Brush your teeth: get up early and go to bed late to brush your teeth. Please write down the correct method, brush along your teeth and remove food residue between your teeth. Brush your teeth, brush down, brush down, brush up.
Brush inside and outside, and your teeth are white. Reading posture: read with your heart in your hand, and the book is one foot away from your eyes.
Keep your posture straight and your waist straight, and remember to protect your eyesight. The posture of holding the pen: hold the small pencil in your hand, and your hand is one inch away from the pencil.
The index finger is behind the front thumb, and the pencil is written obliquely. Writing posture: write three ones, one inch, one punch and one foot.
Press the paper with your left hand, write with your right hand, keep your body straight and your head straight. Don't drink raw water: you can't drink raw water casually in summer. There are many germs in the water, which cause many diseases. You should pay attention to drinking water hygiene to ensure health and happiness.
Personal hygiene "Four Diligences": wash your nails, wash your hair and have a haircut, bathe and wash clothes, rinse your mouth and brush your teeth. Personal hygiene "five noes": don't drink raw water, don't eat spoiled and unclean food, don't spit everywhere, don't urinate anywhere, and don't throw scraps of paper.
Early to bed and early to rise is good for your health: don't play at night, go to bed on time, get up early at dawn, sleep for ten hours, be full of energy during the day and have strong learning ability. Eat regularly and order: three meals a day are indispensable, remember to order regularly.
Eat well early, eat well at noon and have a proper dinner. Operation method of four points of eye exercises: four points: Tianying point, Qinglang point, Sibai point, temple station, sitting, walking and lying posture: loose standing posture, walking posture like a wind seat, lying posture like a bow, steady standing posture, standing posture like a loose seat, standing posture like a bell, standing posture with flat shoulders, standing posture with chest, standing posture with chest, standing posture with chest, standing posture with chest, standing posture with chest, standing posture with chest.
When sleeping at night, the mouth is closed, saliva secretion is reduced, and the oral temperature is appropriate. Under the action of oral bacteria, the residue in the teeth will turn sour, causing tooth defects and pain: it will destroy the function of teeth, affect digestion and absorption, and can cause pulpitis, apical disease, heart disease, kidney disease, rheumatism, septicemia and so on. This will seriously affect health.