Early childhood health education is an important part of the overall structure of early childhood education. The starting point and destination of children's health education is to cultivate children's healthy behavior. Through investigation, it is found that children are picky eaters, partial eclipse, poor food hygiene, slow eating and so on. Therefore, we conducted an experimental study to correct children's bad eating habits. By implementing effective strategies such as "experience improvement", "hands-on", "emotional transfer", "environmental edification" and "family cooperation", bad eating habits can be corrected.
Health education can promote physical and mental development, enhance physical fitness, and effectively promote the development of intelligence and innovation ability; Health education also includes rich moral education, aesthetic education and effective development of personality. Early childhood health education is an important part of the overall structure of early childhood education. The starting point and destination of children's health education is to cultivate children's healthy behavior. Children's health education takes the development of children's healthy behavior as the core goal. Early childhood is the key period to cultivate people's physical quality and healthy behavior, so it is very important for children in early childhood to develop good eating habits. Through the observation in daily life, it is found that children leave their parents and integrate into a "small society" like kindergarten, showing many bad eating habits. For this reason, we made a survey on the children's bad eating habits in this class, and found some outstanding problems: (1) Only eating partial eclipse, eating a lot of favorite foods, and not touching the dislikes at all; (2) Eat fast when you like to eat, and eat slowly when you don't like to eat; (3) poor food hygiene; (4) If you don't eat many vegetables, you will vomit as soon as you eat them: (5) You don't like fat meat, and some lean meats don't eat, and so on. How to make use of health education and external environment to make children develop good eating habits, infiltrate the concept of health education into every link of children's daily life and study, and make parents actively cooperate with the health strategies implemented by teachers is the focus of our research.
Experimental methods: observation record, behavior analysis and experiment.
Grasp the principle: 1. The principle of respecting and giving full play to children's main role. In the process of experimental research, no matter what activities are designed, we should start from children's interests and needs, so as to effectively correct their bad eating habits; 2. Give full play to the principle of teachers' leading role. Through the combination of teachers' positive behavior and teaching, we can guide children to influence and interact with each other, acquire knowledge with parents, cultivate children's good eating habits, and correct children's bad habits such as picky eaters, partial eclipse and slow food.
Experimental process:
First, experience improvement.
The outline emphasizes the importance of teachers fully considering children's existing knowledge and experience in the process of designing activities, and advocates that children actively construct knowledge in the game state. Understand the basis of children's existing experience in diet, choose appropriate materials and expressions, enhance children's indirect experience, and turn the new experience into specific actions in diet.
1. Give full play to children's love for literary works.
Children's literature works are clear in theme, full of childlike interest and easy to understand and accept. It can not only cultivate children's character, improve their aesthetic taste, stimulate their imagination, develop their sensibility, and give them beautiful feelings, but also broaden their horizons, increase their knowledge, and give them ideological and moral enlightenment and education. It is a form that children like to see and hear.
In the process of designing every activity, we adhere to the principles of playfulness, fun and childlike innocence, and make healthy activities that cultivate children's good eating habits become activities that children love and are willing to accept. Moreover, children's literature works are rich in material and novel in content, which is easier to attract children. For example, the children's song Jiajia and the Duckling, the story The Little Monkey Who is picky about food, the situational performance The Thinking of Picky Food, the self-edited poem The Kitchen War and the children's song The Delicious Mushroom are all very interesting. We copied these children's songs and put them in the window for parents to learn together. The mother of Tian Tian's children learned from them with great interest and said, "Is this made up by the teacher himself?" You really work hard for the children! "
Through the study of literary works, children realize the harm of picky eaters and the importance of a balanced diet to their health, and understand the nutritional value of some vegetables. In order to further strengthen the experience gained by young children, when appreciating literary works again, we appropriately add operational materials for children to interact with teachers. Children learn while playing, which deepens their impression of the experience gained and makes it slowly dissolve into their own experience framework. For example, when learning the children's song "Delicious Mushroom", performing children's songs with small paper dolls immediately aroused great interest. Then the teacher and the children learned to make paper dolls "Little Mushroom", "Little Coprinus Mushroom" and "Little Big Leaf Mushroom". The children actively participated in making paper dolls and performing children's songs, and the atmosphere was very active. When eating mushrooms in the future, take the children to recite the children's song "Delicious Mushrooms" first. Those children who love to pick mushrooms can eat them all, although they eat slowly. Sometimes they proudly say, "Look, Teacher Zhang, I ate all the mushrooms." In the activity, children's literary works not only played their due role, but more importantly, these literary works helped children to correct bad eating habits imperceptibly. A little children's song and a little story are always reminding children what to do when eating.
2. Give full play to the role of artistic expression.
It is easy for children to show spontaneous enthusiasm and interest in artistic activities. In the activity, we make use of this characteristic of children, seize the opportunity, and correct their bad eating habits through various artistic expressions. (1) self-composed songs. Children seem to be born with special feelings for music activities, especially singing, and express their feelings with beautiful melodies. But there are few songs about food. To this end, we created the song "Sweet Food". When the children sang "Eating Not Tired", their mood was particularly high. The lyrics involve some milk, bread, patties, green peppers, mushrooms and so on that children usually don't like to drink. When eating these meals again, we consciously let the children sing, and the children did really well at dinner: ② Handmade. The goal of art education in the Outline points out that "children should be guided to make toys, handicrafts, etc.". Beautify your life or engage in other activities by using things around you or waste materials. " The activity of making "Aibaiman" came into being. During the activity, each child brought all kinds of vegetables: melons, cucumbers, tomatoes, mushrooms, radishes, potatoes ... During the operation, the teacher only explained the main rules of the activity, and the children began to operate in an orderly way, and everyone's creativity was different. The children said happily, "It's fun, it's fun." When we show our children's works to parents, parents are also surprised by their creativity and imagination. In this activity, the children's experience has been further improved: vegetables can not only be eaten, but also be made into exquisite works of art. Children feel fresh and interesting, which greatly improves their love for vegetables; 8 painting activities. Painting is children's favorite activity. Draw birds, trees and tall buildings for the first time ... draw your favorite food. Although you can't see what some children are showing, you will suddenly realize after listening to their stories. A young child pointed to the messy picture and said, "Teacher, look, this is my favorite mushroom stewed chicken." This is my favorite tomato and egg noodles. This is speculation ... "Disliked food can also be drawn, indicating that children's aversion to the food they choose has subsided.
Second, do it yourself.
1. Personal experience makes children feel the importance of diet.
When people are hungry, they have to eat. If they don't eat, they will be hungry. Diet is very important to people. Young children understand this truth, but young children almost never endure hunger. At home, parents try their best to cook all kinds of delicious food for their children, and eat in the designated place of kindergarten, which never makes them feel hungry. After the sports activity "Where are the delicious vegetables", the children feel tired and hungry because of a lot of exercise. After personally experiencing a lot of exercise, the human body consumes a lot of energy. In order to recover their physical strength, they must replenish energy, and the best way to replenish energy is to get it from diet. Therefore, in the dinner that day, the children obviously had a good diet discipline, fast speed and a great appetite. It is easier for children to gain practical experience by themselves than to preach.
2. Hands-on operation allows children to experience the variability of vegetables.
Middle-class children are still in the stage of "having food with their mouths open". It is found that parents rarely let their children participate in the cooking process, because they think that their children are in the way, troublesome, useless, and may even have some accidents, so their children don't know how the rice is made sweet. So in the "delicious green pepper" activity, we took the children to the canteen to help the kitchen, choose vegetables and wash them, and witness how the masters cut the meat; Seeing how hard the chefs cook invisibly increases the children's strong interest in diet and also experiences the hard work of the canteen chefs. An aunt in the canteen said to the children, "As long as you eat more, we will be very happy." The children nodded happily; Secondly, let vegetables do magic for children. Green celery is soaked in red pigment for a period of time, and becomes soft and big in hot water soaked by hard fungus. Carrots dig a hole in it and put salt on it, which will always "cry". Spinach in the sun becomes dry and yellow, but it is still wet and green indoors ... The children discovered some characteristics of vegetables when they personally operated these small experiments, and they learned more about vegetables and enriched their knowledge. Hands-on operation allows children to witness a variety of changes in vegetables, at the same time understand the cooking process, experience the hardships, understand the hard-won food, and let children feel that they cherish every grain. Children scatter their meals, throw away what they don't like, and the phenomenon of not eating during meals is reduced.
Third, emotional transfer.
Effective emotional transfer creates an atmosphere for children to develop good eating habits. Attitudes among teachers, parents and children all determine children's eating mood. For example, at lunch, the teacher told the children in advance that they wanted to eat green peppers and potatoes, and introduced their nutritional value. They also asked what vegetables green peppers can be made (because many children don't like green peppers), and the teacher encouraged the children with his eyes. Some children say that green peppers are fried with meat and cold green peppers, and some children say that green peppers are fried with mushrooms and tomatoes. In this way, the appetite of young children is aroused. Nobody picks green peppers for a meal. After dinner, the teacher touched the head of the child who was not picky about food. They are very happy! We also pay attention to teaching students in accordance with their aptitude, paying attention to children with weak constitution, putting children who eat less and slowly in the first group, giving them food first, adhering to the principle of eating more and adding less, and forming good eating habits. Sometimes children who eat fast and are not picky eaters are invited to feed children who don't like eating properly, which reflects humanistic education and increases emotional communication.
Fourth, environmental edification.
The outline points out that the environment is an important educational resource, and children's development should be effectively promoted through the creation and utilization of the environment. Therefore, when implementing children's health education, we should not only pay attention to the creation of physical environment in kindergartens, but also pay attention to the creation of psychological environment in kindergartens. On this basis, pay attention to the creation of material environment and humanistic environment between children.
1. Physical environment edification
In order to make children who gradually develop good eating habits stick to it and prevent them from committing it again. We have created a "growth tree", which is composed of many kinds of vegetables. Each vegetable has some "baby vegetables", which is the favorite vegetable for children to draw. Whenever a child is not picky about food, is partial to food and eats quickly and cleanly, we will stick a small gift on his or her "doll dish" to encourage the child to continue. Children's good eating behavior has been strengthened in time and correctly, so that they can consciously control bad eating habits and show good eating habits. Over time, children's bad eating habits will retreat, thus developing good eating habits.
2. Role model motivation
The role of role models plays an important role in children's learning life, especially the mutual imitation between peers is more likely to stimulate children's desire to learn. Look for children who can set an example, that is, children with good eating habits, praise and encourage them more, and let them have the desire to learn from him or her and take the initiative to learn from him or her. When a picky child can consciously follow suit, the teacher gives praise and encouragement in time, so that other picky and partial children have confidence in themselves and feel that "I can also eat a good meal, I can also be picky, and I can also be praised", thus constantly sprouting children's desire to learn from the example and achieving the goal of self-correcting bad eating habits.
Verb (abbreviation for verb) family cooperation
Cultivating children's good eating habits in early childhood will have a positive impact on their lives. But these are not just a few activities, which can be done in one stage of training, and need long-term persistence. This task requires parents' active cooperation, so we ask parents to cooperate in collecting information such as functions, nutritional values and cooking methods of various vegetables from the Internet. In the creative activity "Aibaiman", parents are mobilized to guide their children to create "Aibaiman" at home, and all kinds of vegetables are prepared. Many parents are very careful, and some cut the vegetables they need into small pieces. For example, parents Pearl Krabs specially took their children to the vegetable market and bought fungus, radish strips, cabbage, carrots and cucumbers according to their own imagination. Aibaiman, which she created and produced, is the best in her class. In this way, parents not only know our activities, but also know how to cooperate effectively. The consistency of family education effectively promotes the correction of children's bad eating habits.
Through the pre-test and post-test, we are surprised to find that children's bad eating habits have been greatly improved, and good eating habits are gradually taking shape. It can be seen that in the process of cultivating middle school students' good eating habits, the strategy we implemented is effective. Among the goals of kindergarten health education, most children can achieve the goals of physical development and self-care ability development: they can eat independently, initially form good eating habits, know that eating is for nutrition, pay attention to not wasting food, and eat politely with others.
Question and reflection: From the experiment, we found that the cultivation of good behavior habits is a slow process, and so is the cultivation of good eating habits. Attention should be paid to step by step, and listening can not be realized through several activities. In collective education activities, we should not only pay attention to strategies, but also consider the environment, family education, the exemplary role of adults, individual differences between children, some daily educational infiltration and the use of means, and put them into action to improve health.