China is short of water resources, especially in cities. With the development of economy and the acceleration of urbanization, a considerable number of cities are short of water resources, and the scope of urban water shortage is expanding, and the degree of water shortage is becoming more and more serious. At the same time, problems such as unreasonable water price, failure to implement water-saving measures and serious water pollution are also prominent. It is of great significance to strengthen and improve urban water supply, water saving and water pollution prevention.
One is to raise awareness and unify thinking.
(A) the sustainable use of water resources is a strategic issue of China's economic and social development, and the core is to improve the efficiency of water resources utilization. Solving the problem of water shortage in cities is directly related to people's life, social stability and sustainable development of cities. This is not only an urgent task for China's current economic and social development, but also a major issue related to the long-term development of modernization. All localities and departments should attach great importance to it and take effective measures to do a good job in urban water supply, water saving and water pollution prevention and control.
(2) To do a good job in urban water supply and water conservation and water pollution prevention and control, we must adhere to the principles of paying equal attention to open source and throttling, giving priority to throttling, giving priority to pollution control, scientific open source and comprehensive utilization, providing safe and reliable water supply and a good water environment for urban construction and economic development, and supporting and ensuring the sustainable development of urban economy and society with the sustainable use of water resources.
Two, unified planning, optimal allocation, multi-channel protection of urban water supply.
(a) when studying and formulating river basin and regional water resources planning in various regions, priority should be given to urban water use. According to the river basin and regional water resources planning, the comprehensive utilization planning of urban water resources should be organized as soon as possible and incorporated into the urban economic and social development planning as an integral part of the overall urban planning. The comprehensive utilization plan of urban water resources should include long-term supply and demand of water resources, water supply sources, water saving, sewage recycling, water resources protection and other special plans. Cities that are extremely short of water resources should implement inter-basin water transfer according to basin water resources planning on the basis of comprehensive consideration of tapping local water resources potential, vigorously saving water and controlling water pollution.
(two) to strengthen the unified planning and management of urban water resources, focusing on strengthening the unified management of groundwater resources development and utilization. Scientifically determine the order of water supply sources. Urban water use should be surface water first, then groundwater, local water first and then transit water. Gradually change the way of supplying water to cities from a single water source of a river system, a reservoir and a river in the past, and adopt the way of "multiple reservoirs are connected in series, water systems are connected, surface water and groundwater are jointly regulated, and water resources are optimally allocated". Establish emergency management system in dry season and continuous dry season, prepare water supply emergency plan, and improve urban water supply guarantee rate. Strictly control and gradually reduce the exploitation of groundwater, establish a river and lake drainage supervision system, and ensure the environmental water use of urban rivers and lakes. Strictly restrict the supply of urban tap water to all kinds of self-provided water sources in the region. In the future, in the coverage of urban public water supply network, in principle, no new self-provided water sources will be approved, and the original self-provided water sources should increase the amount of water resources fee collection, and gradually reduce the allowable water intake until it is completely cancelled. In cities where groundwater has been seriously over-exploited, it is strictly forbidden to build any new water supply facilities to take groundwater, and no new batches will be approved and the units and quantities of groundwater will be gradually reduced.
(3) Vigorously advocate the development and utilization of non-traditional water resources such as urban sewage reuse, and bring them into the unified management and allocation of water resources. Cities in arid and water-deficient areas should pay attention to the development and utilization of rainwater, floods and brackish water, and coastal cities should pay attention to desalination and direct utilization of seawater.
Three, insist on saving water in the first place, and strive to build a water-saving city
(A) urban construction and industrial and agricultural production layout should fully consider the carrying capacity of water resources. All regions, especially cities with cities, should reasonably determine the city scale, adjust and optimize the urban economic structure and industrial layout according to the water resources situation, water environmental capacity and urban functions in the region. With the goal of creating a water-saving city, vigorously carry out urban water-saving activities. Urban water conservation should be "three simultaneous and four in place", that is, the main project of the construction project and water-saving measures should be designed, constructed and put into use at the same time; Water-taking and water-using units must make water use plans in place, water-saving targets in place, water-saving measures in place, and water management systems in place. Conditional cities should gradually establish an industry reference system for water consumption per 10,000 yuan of GDP, and promote industrial restructuring and the popularization and application of water-saving technologies. Water-deficient cities should shut down and transfer a number of high-water industrial enterprises within a time limit, strictly limit the construction of high-water industrial projects and extensive agricultural water use, and form a water-saving economic structure as soon as possible. Reuse rate of industrial water ......
What harm does water pollution do to people?
As we all know, water pollution will harm human health, but it is not clear what kinds of water pollution there are and how different water pollution will harm human health. Experts explain this.
According to experts from Shandong Academy of Water Sciences, water pollution can usually be divided into three categories, namely, biological, physical and chemical pollutants. Biological pollutants include bacteria, viruses and parasites. Physical pollutants include suspended solids, thermal pollution and radioactive pollution. Chemical pollutants include organic and inorganic compounds.
The polluted water environment is harmful to human health and should be highly concerned. Biological pollution will mainly lead to some infectious diseases. Drinking unclean water can cause typhoid fever, cholera, bacillary dysentery, hepatitis A and other infectious diseases. In addition, people move in unclean water, and pathogens in water can also invade the body through skin and mucosa, such as schistosomiasis and leptospirosis.
Physical and chemical pollution will cause mutation of human genetic material, induce tumor and cause fetal malformation. If the polluted water contains acrylonitrile, it will cause mutation of human genetic material; If the water contains inorganic substances such as arsenic, nickel, chromium and organic pollutants such as nitrosamines, it can induce the formation of tumors; Pollutants such as methylmercury can interfere with the normal embryonic development process through the mother, make the embryonic development abnormal and lead to congenital malformation.
What are the consequences of water pollution?
Hazard 1: Harm to human health. Water pollution directly affects the quality of drinking water sources. When the drinking water source is polluted, the relevant water treatment departments can not solve this pollution well, which will lead to ascites, diarrhea, intestinal nematodes, hepatitis, gastric cancer, liver cancer and other diseases. Contact with unclean water can also lead to skin diseases, trachoma, schistosomiasis, hookworm disease and other diseases. More seriously, water pollution affects the secretion of human sex hormones to a great extent, and affects human reproductive ability to a certain extent; Others point out that water pollution can lead to spontaneous abortion or congenital disability. In short, the harm of water pollution to human health is multifaceted and cannot be ignored. The rise of a large number of water purifier manufacturers around the world is a good proof!
Hazard 2: reduce crop yield and quality.
Because sewage provides a lot of water and fertilizer, farmers in many areas have the habit of irrigating farmland with sewage. However, the painful lesson shows that wastewater containing toxic and harmful substances pollutes farmland soil, causing crops to wither and die, causing huge losses to farmers. Although there are bumper harvests in many areas, there is a crisis of crop pollution behind the bumper harvest. Studies have shown that trace organic matter, including toxic pesticides, can be detected in vegetables or food crops planted in some sewage irrigation areas, which will definitely endanger the health of consumers.
Hazard 3: Affect the output and quality of fishery production.
The output and quality of fishery production are directly related to water quality. It is not an isolated case that large-scale fish deaths are caused by water pollution in freshwater fishing grounds. There are still many fish and aquatic organisms in natural water bodies that are on the verge of extinction or have been extinct. Mariculture is also damaged and threatened by water pollution. Water pollution not only leads to the death of fish and affects the yield, but also causes the variation of fish and aquatic organisms. In addition, the accumulation of harmful substances in fish and aquatic organisms is found, which greatly reduces their edible value, and eating these fish will also threaten human health.
Hazard 4: Restrict economic development. Many people may not notice the harm of water pollution at this point! The reason is that industry, as the pillar of social economy, needs water as raw material or washing products and directly participates in the processing of products, and the deterioration of water quality will directly affect the quality of products. The consumption of industrial cooling water is the largest, and the deterioration of water quality will also cause blockage, corrosion and scaling of cooling water circulation system, and the increase of water hardness will also affect the life and safety of boilers. This affects the output of industry to a certain extent, and water pollution affects the economic development of the country to a great extent, whether it is for human health or for sideline industries such as agriculture and fisheries!
The above summary of the hazards of water pollution just wants to convey a sense of environmental protection to everyone! In fact, whether it is our health or the impact on the macro-economy, it will eventually affect the survival and development of mankind! If water pollution can be well solved, then the survival and development of human beings will eliminate a huge obstacle!
What are the hazards of water pollution?
1. Harm to human health Human beings are the most advanced consumer groups in the earth's ecosystem. The damage and destruction of environmental pollution to atmospheric environment, water environment, soil environment and ecological environment will eventually endanger human living environment and human health in different ways. Various pollutants cause diseases or injuries to human body through drinking water, animal and plant foods, various industrial foods, medical supplies and various unclean industrial products. People drinking polluted water or eating polluted food will be harmful to their health. For example, in the Minamata disease incident in Japan in the 1950s, the factory discharged mercury-containing wastewater into the seawater of Minamata Bay, and mercury entered the fish for methylation to form methylmercury, which increased the toxicity of pollutants and accumulated in the fish to form high toxic content. Eating this polluted fish will cause methylmercury poisoning and cause diseases. The industrial wastewater discharged by human beings into water bodies every year contains tens of thousands of tons of mercury, most of which eventually enters the ocean, which has serious potential long-term harm to human health, so mercury is regarded as the most harmful toxic heavy metal pollutant. Excessive fluorine content in drinking water will cause dental plaque and pigment precipitation, and in severe cases, it will cause tooth loss. Conversely, if the fluorine content is too low, dental caries will occur. Improper management of biological pollutants such as human and animal feces will also pollute water bodies, cause bacterial intestinal infectious diseases, such as typhoid fever, cholera, dysentery, etc., and also cause some parasitic diseases. For example, in 1882, in Hamburg, Germany, more than 7,500 people died because of unclean drinking water and cholera epidemic. Water also contains some carcinogens. Farmers often use some herbicides or pesticides, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons such as aniline and benzopyrene, which can enter the water. These pollutants can accumulate in suspended solids, sediments and aquatic organisms. If you drink such water for a long time, it may induce cancer. According to statistics, the cancer mortality rate caused by water pollution in the 1990s was 1.45 times that of 30 years ago. Second, the impact on industrial production Water pollution will affect the output and quality of industrial products, causing serious economic losses. In addition, water pollution will increase the treatment cost of industrial water, and may cause corrosion to equipment workshops and sewers, and will also affect normal industrial production. Third, the impact on agriculture and fishery production. Irrigation of farmland with polluted water will destroy soil, affect crop growth and reduce yield. If it is serious, there will be no harvest. 1974, Hebei farmers watered wheat with thistle canal water. Because the harmful substances in the river exceeded the standard, nearly 50 thousand mu of wheat died. In recent years, due to water pollution, the number of complaints from farmers has increased sharply. The seriousness of the problem is that once the soil is polluted, it will be difficult to recover for a long time, resulting in a waste of land resources. In addition, when the water body is polluted, it will directly endanger the growth and reproduction of aquatic organisms, leading to a reduction in fishery production. For example, there were 18 species of fish in Lanzhou section of the Yellow River, of which 8 species are now extinct. Due to water pollution, the quality of fish will also decline. According to statistics, the annual economic loss caused by fish quality problems is as high as 30 billion yuan.
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The harm of water pollution
Water pollution affects industrial production, increases equipment corrosion, affects product quality, and even makes production impossible. Water pollution affects people's lives, destroys ecology, directly harms people's health and causes great damage.
(1) After water pollution harms human health, pollutants enter the human body through drinking water or food chain, causing acute or chronic poisoning. Arsenic, chromium, ammonium, benzopyrene, etc. It can also induce cancer. Water polluted by parasites, viruses or other pathogenic bacteria will cause many infectious diseases and parasitic diseases. Water polluted by heavy metals is harmful to human health. Water and food polluted by cadmium will cause kidney and bone diseases after people eat it. Ingestion of 20 mg of cadmium sulfate will lead to death. Lead poisoning can lead to anemia and insanity. Hexavalent chromium is very toxic, which can cause skin ulcers and cause cancer. Drinking arsenic-containing water can cause acute or chronic poisoning. Arsenic inhibits or deactivates many enzymes, leading to metabolic disorders, skin keratinization and skin cancer. Organophosphorus pesticides can cause neurotoxicity, while organochlorine pesticides can accumulate in fat, which is harmful to endocrine, immune and reproductive functions of human beings and animals. Most polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are carcinogenic. Cyanide is also a highly toxic substance. After entering the blood, it combines with the pigment oxidase of cells, which interrupts breathing and causes respiratory failure, suffocation and death. We know that 80% of the diseases in the world are related to water. Typhoid fever, cholera, gastroenteritis, dysentery and infectious liver disease are the five major diseases of human beings, all of which are caused by unclean water.
(2) Water pollution is harmful to industrial and agricultural production, and industrial water must be treated with more expenses, resulting in a waste of resources and energy. The food industry has stricter requirements for water. If the water quality is unqualified, it will stop production. This is also a factor of low efficiency and poor quality of industrial enterprises. The use of sewage in agriculture will reduce crop yield and quality, even harm people and animals, pollute large areas of farmland and reduce soil quality. The consequences of marine pollution are also very serious, such as oil pollution, which causes the death of seabirds and marine life.
(3) Harm of water eutrophication Under normal circumstances, oxygen has certain solubility in water. Dissolved oxygen is not only the survival condition of aquatic organisms, but also participates in various redox reactions in water, promoting the transformation and degradation of pollutants, which is an important reason why natural water bodies have self-purification ability. The discharge of domestic sewage containing a large amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium leads to the degradation of a large number of organic substances and the release of nutrients in the water, which promotes the excessive growth of algae and plants in the water, makes the water body poorly ventilated, reduces dissolved oxygen and even appears anaerobic layer. A large number of aquatic plants die, the water surface turns black, and the water stinks to form a "dead lake", "dead river" and "dead sea", which in turn becomes a swamp. This phenomenon is called water eutrophication. Eutrophicated water has an unpleasant smell, dark color and many bacteria. This kind of water is of poor quality and can't be used directly, which prevents the fish from dying.
What harm will water pollution bring to our life?
I. Introduction to Water Situation
Water refers to the accumulation of water such as rivers, lakes, ponds, reservoirs, swamps, oceans and groundwater. In environmental science, water includes not only water itself, but also suspended solids, dissolved substances, colloidal substances, sediments (mud) and aquatic organisms. It should be regarded as a complete ecosystem or a complete integrated natural body. According to its types, water bodies can be divided into land water bodies and marine water bodies, surface water bodies and underground water bodies.
Types of water pollution:
1. Sensory pollution of water body: * color change * turbidity change * bubbles * odor.
2. Organic pollution of water body: mainly refers to the pollution caused by wastewater containing a large amount of organic matter discharged from urban sewage, food industry and paper industry.
3. Inorganic pollution of water body: refers to the pollution of water body by acid, alkali and inorganic salts. Firstly, the pH value of water is changed, and at the same time, the hardness of inorganic salts and water in water will be increased, which will bring adverse effects on industrial and domestic water.
4. Toxic substance pollution of water body: After all kinds of toxic substances enter the water body, at high concentration, they will kill aquatic organisms; At low concentration, it can be enriched in organisms and concentrated step by step through the food chain, eventually affecting the human body.
5. Eutrophication pollution of water body: Wastewater containing plant nutrients will cause eutrophication of water body, make algae multiply in large numbers, consume a lot of dissolved oxygen in water, and lead to fish suffocation and death.
6. Oil pollution in water body: Oil pollution in water body is caused by oil development, oil tanker transportation and wastewater discharge from oil refining industry in coastal and estuary areas. When oil forms an oil film on the water surface, it will affect oxygen entering the water body and cause harm to living things. In addition, oil pollution also destroys the landscape of beach resorts and scenic spots and the survival of birds.
7. Thermal Pollution of Water Cooling water in thermal power plants is the main source of thermal pollution. This kind of wastewater discharged directly into the natural water body will cause the water temperature to rise, reduce the dissolved oxygen in the water and increase the toxicity of some poisons in the water. The increase of water temperature has the greatest influence on fish, which can cause the change and death of fish population.
8. Pathogenic microorganism pollution of water body: Domestic sewage, hospital sewage and slaughter meat processing sewage contain viruses, bacteria, parasites and other pathogenic microorganisms, which will spread various diseases when flowing into water.
9. Radioactive pollution of water body: refers to the pollution caused by radioactive substances entering water body. Radioactive substances mainly come from nuclear reaction waste. Radioactive pollution will lead to biological distortion, destroy the genetic structure of organisms and cause cancer. Nuclear matter has a long decay period and cannot be handled.
10, secondary pollution of water: 1)* At present, the treatment method of drinking water is to add extra chlorine, fluorine and lime to control the growth of bacteria, but there is no doubt that drinking water is polluted by more chemicals. 2)* Water storage tanks in high-rise buildings are breeding grounds for bacteria and moss. 3)* In addition, rusty water pipes are also one of the main causes of pollution.
Pollutants in water are mainly divided into the following categories:
1, solid suspended matter: sediment and rust, visible to naked eyes;
2. Microorganisms: bacteria, viruses, algae, etc.
3. Dissolved inorganic substances: calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, copper sulfate, chloride and nitrate;
4. Heavy metals: mercury, arsenic, lead, cadmium, chromium, etc.
5. Organic matter: pesticides, fertilizers, various industrial solvents, dyes, detergents and disinfectants;
6. Radioactive particles: radioactive particles produced by the nuclear industry and nuclear medicine.
Water pollution affects industrial production, increases equipment corrosion, affects product quality, and even makes production impossible. Water pollution affects people's lives, destroys ecology, directly harms people's health and causes great damage.
After water pollution, pollutants enter the human body through drinking water or food chain, causing acute or chronic poisoning. Arsenic, chromium, ammonium, benzopyrene, etc. It can also induce cancer. Water polluted by parasites, viruses or other pathogenic bacteria will cause many infectious diseases and parasitic diseases. Water polluted by heavy metals is harmful to human health. Water and food polluted by cadmium will cause kidney and bone diseases after people eat it. Ingestion of 20 mg of cadmium sulfate will lead to death. Lead poisoning can lead to anemia and insanity. Hexavalent chromium is very toxic, which can cause skin ulcers and cause cancer. Drinking arsenic-containing water can cause acute or chronic poisoning. Arsenic inhibits or deactivates many enzymes, leading to metabolic disorders, skin keratinization and skin cancer. Organophosphorus pesticides can cause neurotoxicity, while organochlorine pesticides can accumulate in fat, which is harmful to endocrine, immune and reproductive functions of human beings and animals. Most polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons have toxic effects. ......
What harm will water pollution bring to us?
First of all, water pollution is harmful to people's health. Because water plays a very important role in human metabolism, people can not eat for a day, but they can not drink water for a day. The influence of some elements in water will cause some diseases of human beings, not to mention that water contains harmful substances, which directly endanger human health. The polluted water contains some harmful substances, which may lead to liver cancer and gastric cancer.
Secondly, the impact of water pollution on aquatic organisms, because people discharge pollutants into the water, it affects the health of fish and shrimp in the water, and at the same time, it will also lead to the destruction of the balance in the water, which will lead to the inability of aquatic organisms to survive. Because some fish live in such water, their fish meat will also contain harmful substances, and human consumption of fish meat will also affect their own health. I recommend ozone to you. Ozone generator can sterilize.
Most importantly, water pollution will also have an impact on industry and agriculture, and industrial production is also inseparable from water. There are also requirements for water quality, and agricultural production will be affected. Once industry and agriculture are affected, it will affect the economic development level and speed of the whole country. It can be seen that the impact of water pollution on human beings is crucial.
What harm will water pollution bring to the body?
With the improvement of people's living standards, the demand for drinking water is getting higher and higher! But the water pollution is frequent, and the water quality is often not up to standard! Water pollution is easy to pose a health threat to human body! So what diseases will water pollution bring to the human body? The diseases caused by water pollution mainly include the following aspects: (1) acute and chronic poisoning. Water polluted by chemical substances can cause poisoning through drinking water and food chain, such as methylmercury poisoning (Minamata disease), cadmium poisoning (osteopathy), arsenic poisoning, chromium poisoning, pesticide poisoning, polychlorinated biphenyl poisoning and so on. This is the main harm of water pollution to human health. (2) Carcinogenesis. Some carcinogenic chemicals, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons such as arsenic, chromium, nickel, beryllium, aniline and benzo (a) pyrene, can accumulate in suspended solids, sediments and aquatic organisms after polluting water bodies. Drinking this water for a long time or eating this creature may induce cancer. (3) The occurrence of water-borne infectious diseases. Domestic sewage and wastewater from tanning, slaughtering and hospitals pollute water bodies, which can often cause bacterial intestinal infectious diseases and some parasitic diseases, such as typhoid fever, dysentery, cholera, enteritis, infectious hepatitis and schistosomiasis. (4) Indirect influence. After water is polluted, it can often cause the sensory properties of water to deteriorate, such as odor, odor, abnormal color, foam, oil film and so on. It inhibits the natural self-purification ability of water body and affects the utilization and sanitation of water. Water pollution will not only seriously harm the ecosystem, but also cause serious economic losses. Effects of major pollutants: Lead: harmful to kidneys and nervous system, highly toxic to children, and its carcinogenicity has been confirmed. Cadmium: Acute damage to kidney. Arsenic: It is harmful to skin and nervous system, and its carcinogenicity has been proved. Mercury: It is extremely harmful to human body, and the main organs are kidney and central nervous system. Selenium: High concentration will harm muscles and nervous system. Nitrite: Causing cardiovascular diseases. It has the most obvious effect on infants (blue infant disease), and the total trihalomethane: chloroform has the greatest impact on health, and trichloroethylene (organic matter) is the most common carcinogen: excessive inhalation will reduce the central nervous system and heart function, and long-term exposure to carbon tetrachloride (organic matter) is harmful to the liver: it has a wide impact on human health, is carcinogenic, and has a great impact on liver and kidney function. IKEA uses 265438 as the water purifier. Thoroughly filter out harmful substances such as bacteria, algae, rust, colloid, sediment, suspended matter and macromolecular organic matter. In water, minerals and trace elements beneficial to human body are retained at the same time. The filtration is safe and thorough, the purified water is crystal clear, sweet and mellow, and it is more hygienic and delicious to drink, make tea, cook rice and make soup. Print this page and return to the top to close.
What are the hazards caused by water pollution?
0 1
The human body needs a lot of water. When drinking polluted water, it will cause great damage to health, leading to serious diseases and even death.
02
After the water quality is polluted, the color becomes turbid, giving off a pungent smell, making the air worse and unable to breathe normally.
03
The use of polluted water in industrial production and manufacturing will lead to the destruction of natural resources such as land and plants in this area, thus further affecting the ecological balance.
04
It has caused great inconvenience to people's lives and even had a negative impact on social development.
What harm will water pollution bring?
I. Introduction to Water Situation
Water refers to the accumulation of water such as rivers, lakes, ponds, reservoirs, swamps, oceans and groundwater. In environmental science, water includes not only water itself, but also suspended solids, dissolved substances, colloidal substances, sediments (mud) and aquatic organisms. It should be regarded as a complete ecosystem or a complete integrated natural body. According to its types, water bodies can be divided into land water bodies and marine water bodies, as well as surface water bodies and underground water bodies.
Types of water pollution:
1. Sensory pollution of water body: * color change * turbidity change * bubbles * odor.
2. Organic pollution of water body: mainly refers to the pollution caused by wastewater containing a large amount of organic matter discharged from urban sewage, food industry and paper industry.
3. Inorganic pollution of water body: refers to the pollution of water body by acid, alkali and inorganic salts. Firstly, the pH value of water is changed, and at the same time, the hardness of inorganic salts and water in water will be increased, which will bring adverse effects on industrial and domestic water.
4. Toxic substance pollution of water body: After all kinds of toxic substances enter the water body, at high concentration, they will kill aquatic organisms; At low concentration, it can be enriched in organisms and concentrated step by step through the food chain, eventually affecting the human body.
5. Eutrophication pollution of water body: Wastewater containing plant nutrients will cause eutrophication of water body, make algae multiply in large numbers, consume a lot of dissolved oxygen in water, and lead to fish suffocation and death.
6. Oil pollution in water body: Oil pollution in water body is caused by oil development, oil tanker transportation and wastewater discharge from oil refining industry in coastal and estuary areas. When oil forms an oil film on the water surface, it will affect oxygen entering the water body and cause harm to living things. In addition, oil pollution also destroys the landscape of beach resorts and scenic spots and the survival of birds.
7. Thermal pollution of water: The cooling water of thermal power plants is the main source of thermal pollution. This kind of wastewater discharged directly into the natural water body will cause the water temperature to rise, reduce the dissolved oxygen in the water and increase the toxicity of some poisons in the water. The increase of water temperature has the greatest influence on fish, which can cause the change and death of fish population.
8. Pathogenic microorganism pollution of water body: Domestic sewage, hospital sewage and slaughter meat processing sewage contain viruses, bacteria, parasites and other pathogenic microorganisms, which will spread various diseases when flowing into water.
9. Radioactive pollution of water body: refers to the pollution caused by radioactive substances entering water body. Radioactive substances mainly come from nuclear reaction waste. Radioactive pollution will lead to biological distortion, destroy the genetic structure of organisms and cause cancer. Nuclear matter has a long decay period and cannot be handled.
10, secondary pollution of water: 1)* At present, the treatment method of drinking water is to add extra chlorine, fluorine and lime to control the growth of bacteria, but there is no doubt that drinking water is polluted by more chemicals. 2)* The water storage tank of high-rise building is a breeding ground for bacteria and moss. 3)* In addition, rusty water pipes are also one of the main causes of pollution.
Pollutants in water are mainly divided into the following categories:
1, solid suspended matter: sediment and rust, visible to naked eyes;
2. Microorganisms: bacteria, viruses, algae, etc.
3. Dissolved inorganic substances: calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, copper sulfate, chloride and nitrate;
4. Heavy metals: mercury, arsenic, lead, cadmium, chromium, etc.
5. Organic matter: pesticides, fertilizers, various industrial solvents, dyes, detergents and disinfectants;
6. Radioactive particles: radioactive particles produced by the nuclear industry and nuclear medicine.
Water pollution affects industrial production, increases equipment corrosion, affects product quality, and even makes production impossible. Water pollution affects people's lives, destroys ecology, directly harms people's health and causes great damage.
After water pollution, pollutants enter the human body through drinking water or food chain, causing acute or chronic poisoning. Arsenic, chromium, ammonium, benzopyrene, etc. It can also induce cancer. Water polluted by parasites, viruses or other pathogenic bacteria will cause many infectious diseases and parasitic diseases. Water polluted by heavy metals is harmful to human health. Water and food polluted by cadmium will cause kidney and bone diseases after people eat it. Ingestion of 20 mg of cadmium sulfate can cause death. Lead poisoning can lead to anemia and insanity. Hexavalent chromium is very toxic, which can cause skin ulcers and cause cancer. Drinking arsenic-containing water can cause acute or chronic poisoning. Arsenic inhibits or deactivates many enzymes, leading to metabolic disorders, skin keratinization and skin cancer. Organophosphorus pesticides can cause neurotoxicity, while organochlorine pesticides can accumulate in fat, which is harmful to endocrine, immune and reproductive functions of human beings and animals. Most polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons have toxic effects. ......