Maternal health knowledge
Pregnancy care should start from the first three months of pregnancy, and the sooner the better. Because there are special examination, education and treatment contents in each period, health care in each period can not be ignored.
1: Physical examination at least five times during pregnancy;
1): Early pregnancy symptoms should be found in time around 12 weeks of pregnancy, and health care should be started as soon as possible, and at least once in the first trimester.
2): pregnant 16? After 20 weeks, ask about the diet, whether there are any abnormal conditions such as vaginal bleeding and edema, and the fetal movement time.
3): pregnant 20? 24 weeks pregnant, 20? Check at least once every 24 weeks, and the number of high-risk pregnancies should increase. Check hemoglobin, urine protein, blood sugar, etc. Patients with complications should be specially examined and treated in time, such as correcting anemia. After 20 weeks of pregnancy, iron and calcium supplementation should be started under the guidance of a doctor.
4): pregnant 28? After 36 weeks and 28 weeks of pregnancy, strive for every 2? Check once every 4 weeks. If it is a high risk, the number of inspections should be increased.
5): pregnant 37? 40 weeks to identify high risk, focusing on anemia, pregnancy-induced hypertension, fetal malposition, pelvic stenosis, head-basin imbalance, premature and overdue pregnancy. , early diagnosis and treatment, scheduled delivery place and delivery mode. 2. Health care guidance during pregnancy
Pay attention to rest, avoid heavy physical labor and prevent premature delivery. Strengthen nutrition and supplement nutrients such as calcium and iron when necessary. Guide breast care, publicize the benefits of breastfeeding, make preparations before labor, and introduce the signs of labor. The total number of prenatal examinations shall not be less than 5 times.
3. Contents of postpartum maternal visits
① Routine postpartum visits were made for three times, within three days after discharge, 14 days and 28 days respectively, and the number of visits was increased as appropriate if there was any abnormality.
② Understand the general situation: spirit, sleep, diet, defecation, mental state, etc.
③ Measure body temperature, pulse and blood pressure when necessary.
(4) Check whether the nipple is chapped, whether the breast is red, swollen, indurated and has milk secretion, and whether the mammary duct is unobstructed.
⑤ Understand the situation of breastfeeding and provide guidance and consultation.
Knowledge of TCM health care for pregnant and lying-in women
1. Preparation before pregnancy
Traditional Chinese medicine can regulate the physical condition of pregnant women, including regulating abnormal menstrual cycle, treating menstrual cycle with traditional Chinese medicine and treating irregular menstruation. The use of traditional Chinese medicine before pregnancy can reduce the occurrence of gastrointestinal discomfort in early pregnancy, increase the intake of nutrition during pregnancy, improve the immune function of pregnant women and ensure the nutritional supply of the fetus.
2. Understand the common symptoms during pregnancy.
At the beginning of pregnancy, many pregnant women will have symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, dizziness and anorexia. At this time, conditioning treatment with traditional Chinese medicine can play a very good role. Some pregnant women still have a small amount of vaginal bleeding during pregnancy, dripping constantly, or accompanied by backache and fetal movement, which is what western medicine calls threatened abortion, which Chinese medicine calls it? Fetal leakage? . ? Restlessness of fetal movement? Can be fixed with traditional Chinese medicine Chong An Tai.
Chinese medicine believes that pregnant women feel full of chest, abdominal distension and sudden kick during pregnancy, which is the disharmony between qi and blood, leading to fetal qi rushing up. Traditional Chinese medicine can also be used to soothe the liver, regulate qi, reduce adverse qi, eliminate phlegm and relieve symptoms. In the second and third trimester of pregnancy, pregnant women are prone to mild pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome. That is, the limbs and face of pregnant women swell, which is a frequently-occurring disease during pregnancy, mostly caused by spleen deficiency and kidney deficiency. Qi stagnation and water dampness, internal stagnation and overflow. At this time, pregnant women should not only do a good job in prenatal examination, strengthen nutrition, but also take a proper rest. They can use Chinese medicine for diuresis, nourishing blood and preventing miscarriage.
Cough is also a common and frequently-occurring disease in pregnancy, usually respiratory infection, acute and chronic bronchitis or tuberculosis. There are many common adverse reactions of western medicine, and pregnant women are worried about the influence of drugs on the fetus and can not get effective treatment. At this time, nourishing yin, clearing heat and moistening lung, resolving phlegm and relieving cough with traditional Chinese medicine have obvious curative effect.
There is also pregnancy, frequent urination and urgent pain. What is the name of Chinese medicine? Urine dripping pain during pregnancy? . TCM treatment is mainly based on moistening dryness, supplemented by tonifying kidney and preventing miscarriage.
Reasonable and scientific confinement
The puerpera is weak after delivery, so it is very important to replenish the body in the second month. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that during the confinement period, women should combine forest meals according to the changes of the environment and their own physical characteristics. There are three stages of confinement, should we pay attention to it? A row of two adjustments and three supplements? Specifically, divide the postpartum month into several weeks and eat different foods every week as needed.
In the first week, the excess water and toxins in lochia are mainly discharged, such as drinking biochemical soup, eating sesame oil and frying pork liver. Shenghua decoction is a good prescription of Chinese medicine. Its main function is to make the uterus discharge lochia as soon as possible and help it return to its normal position and shape. The second week is mainly to enhance physical fitness, restore visceral function and restore pelvic position. You can eat fried kidney and Eucommia ulmoides powder to help relieve bone pain such as coccyx. It is not easy to make up after childbirth, because the mother is weak after giving birth to a child, and eating too much can't absorb it, which will only increase the physical burden. By the third week after delivery, this row has been finished. At this time, you can start hydrating your body.
The new mother who is confinement eats vegetables properly. Spinach abundant in winter is a good choice. Spinach is rich in folic acid and zinc. During confinement, if you can ensure that you eat a large plate of vegetable salad every day, it will not only promote your appetite, but also meet most of the vitamins, minerals and other nutrients that the lactating mother needs in one day, which will help the parturient to replenish her body moderately and recover soon.
Contraindications for pregnant women
1. Vegetables and fruits are indispensable in the diet.
Traditionally, vegetables and fruits belong to? Is the steam big? The food that pregnant women eat will harm their health. However, fresh fruits and vegetables are very beneficial to the body, which can not only supplement vitamin C and cellulose that eggs and meat lack, but also stimulate appetite, promote digestion and defecation, and prevent postpartum constipation of pregnant women.
Second, avoid eating spicy and cold food.
The woman who has just given birth is very weak and has blood stasis in her body. At this time, they should not eat cold food. First of all, cold food hurts the stomach, and cold food can lead to blood stasis. If lochia does not come down in the body, it will lead to postpartum abdominal pain, physical pain and other diseases. In addition, don't eat spicy food after delivery, such as garlic, pepper, onion, ginger and other spicy foods should be avoided, because postpartum blood loss hurts body fluids, and yin deficiency causes internal heat. If you eat spicy food, it will easily lead to constipation and hemorrhoids. It may also affect the baby's gastrointestinal function through breast milk.
Third, don't eat too much after delivery.
In fact, pregnant women are ready to give birth in October during pregnancy. Supplementing too much nutrition can easily lead to maternal obesity and induce various undeserved diseases. In addition, it is not only oneself who is obese due to excessive maternal supplementation, but also the amount of fat in milk increases, and the baby is also at risk of obesity or prone to diarrhea.
Fourth, postpartum conditioning of traditional Chinese medicine cannot be supplemented indiscriminately, and it is necessary to prescribe the right medicine.
It is a three-point poison, so puerperal women with normal physical condition do not need medical care, and they can cooperate with diet therapy or use some traditional Chinese medicines for symptoms. If you want to menstruate and breastfeed, you can eat pig's trotters, medulla tetrapanacis, platycodon grandiflorum, cowherb seed and so on. If there are symptoms of constipation and abdominal pain after delivery, you can add some peach kernels, walnut kernels, angelica, yellow wine and so on. Run the bowel to relieve constipation, promote blood circulation and remove blood stasis as appropriate.
Five, postpartum drink biochemical soup matters needing attention
According to the records of gynecology in Fu Qingzhu in Qing Dynasty, the raw materials of Puerpera Shenghua Decoction are mainly composed of Chuanxiong, ginger, peach kernel, angelica and roasted licorice. It has the functions of eliminating lochia and regulating uterine contraction and recovery. However, now the postpartum biochemical soup sold by the people has also added safflower, motherwort, cibotium, dipsacus and so on. For the purpose of promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis and benefiting postpartum bones and muscles. Many Chinese doctors regard biochemical soup as a necessary product after delivery, but the medicinal materials and dosage of biochemical soup should be matched according to the different physique of each parturient.