We all know that normal people's urine is yellow, mainly because urine contains urine pigment, urobilin, urine urobilinogen and porphyrin, and healthy people's urine is mostly light yellow or orange. However, under pathological conditions, urine can be of different colors, and different colors of urine correspond to different clinical meanings.
First, red.
The most common urine color change is red, and hematuria is the most common. Urine containing a certain amount of red blood cells is called hematuria. 1000ml urine contains more blood than lml, and urine with red appearance is called gross hematuria.
1. Hematuria: reddish fog, watery meat washing or mixed with blood clots. See:
① Diseases of genitourinary system: such as inflammation, injury, calculus, hemorrhage or tumor.
② Hemorrhagic diseases: such as thrombocytopenia and hemophilia.
③ Others: infectious diseases, connective tissue diseases, cardiovascular diseases, endocrine and metabolic diseases, and transient hematuria after strenuous exercise in some healthy people.
2. Hemoglobinuria: crimson, brownish red or even soy sauce color, found in bean disease, transfusion reaction of PNH incompatible with blood type, paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria, progressive hemoglobinuria and immune hemolytic anemia.
3. Myoglobin urine: pink or dark red, which is found in extensive injury and degeneration of muscle tissue, such as AMI, extensive burns and trauma.
4. Porphyrinuria: The wine color of red grapes is common in congenital abnormal porphyrin metabolism.
Second, dark yellow.
The most common is bilirubin urine. Urine containing a large amount of bound bilirubin is called bilirubin urine. Bilirubin urine looks like dark yellow soybean oil, and its foam is still yellow after shaking urine, and bilirubin qualitative examination is positive. Common in cholestatic jaundice and hepatocellular jaundice. However, if the urine is left for too long, bilirubin will be oxidized to biliverdin, making the urine brown-green. In addition, some foods and drugs can also make urine yellow, such as vitamin B2, rifampicin and furazolidone.
Third, white.
1. chyluria and lipouria: milky white, milky white turbidity or fat drops, pyuria and bacteriuria, which are common in filariasis and perirenal lymphatic obstruction; Fat crush injury, fracture and nephrotic syndrome.
2. pyuria and bacteriuria: white turbidity or turbidity, purulent infection of urinary system, such as pyelonephritis, cystitis, urethritis, etc.
3. Crystalline urine: yellowish white, grayish white or pale pink, which is caused by the high concentration of salt crystals in urine. Phosphate and carbonate are the most common, and urate and oxalate crystals can also be seen.
Fourth, dark brown.
It can be seen in severe hematuria and denatured hemoglobinuria, and it can also be seen in tyrosine disease, phenol poisoning, black urine or melanoma.
Verb (short for verb) blue
Mainly seen in diaper blue syndrome, it can also be seen in some gastrointestinal diseases such as excessive urinary cyanosis and indigo production, as well as the influence of some drugs or food.
Sixth, light green
It was found after Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection and taking some drugs, such as indomethacin, methylene blue and amitriptyline.
It turns out that urine can have so many colors, but it is best to be light yellow. Once it changes color, you must be alert at this time, and of course you don't have to panic. Sometimes the physiological factors will change slightly, so we should pay attention to the distinction.
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