Memory occurrence rate
The incidence of neonatal birthmarks is about 10%, which can be said to be very common. Most birthmarks only affect the appearance and do not need special treatment. However, some birthmarks may be combined with abnormalities of body organs, and even have the possibility of malignant transformation, which must be actively treated. For example, some cavernous hemangioma proliferates too fast, which will cause limb deformity, not only ugly appearance, but also dysfunction. Even if hemangioma expands too fast, it will form tissue necrosis, and excessive consumption of platelets will make coagulation function low and bleeding will not stop. Some fur-like moles may become malignant melanoma in the future, which will lead to death after metastasis.
Types of birthmarks
Mainly divided into nine kinds, there are Mongolian spots, coffee milk spots, Ota nevus, pigmented nevus, hairy nevus, sebaceous nevus, capillary hemangioma, cavernous hemangioma and wine nevus (wine spots).
1, orange-red spots (or salmon erythema). About13 of newborns will have this birthmark. It is a small red patch, usually spread flat on the skin. Most of them appear between the back neck, eyes, forehead and eyelids. As children grow up, most of them will gradually disappear.
2. Mongolian spots. This kind of birthmark is flat and smooth, and it is present at birth, and it is common in hips or waist. Most of them are light blue, but they may also be blue-gray, blue-black This birthmark looks like a bruise, which is common in yellow people and usually disappears gradually before going to school.
3. Strawberry hemangioma (capillary hemangioma). This birthmark generally appears on the face, scalp, back or chest, mostly red or purple. Strawberry hemangioma usually forms a few weeks after birth, which may not protrude from the skin, or it may be a strawberry soft mass slightly higher than the skin. Although it will not disappear, it has no effect on health.
4. Cavernous hemangioma. It's like a light blue sponge full of blood. It usually appears under the skin of the head or neck. If it grows deeper, the skin covered on it looks normal and will disappear before puberty.
5, dark erythema (wine spot). At birth, this erythema is pink, but with the increase of age, its color will become darker and darker, becoming lavender. Most of them appear in the face and neck, and the area is relatively large. Dark erythema is caused by telangiectasia, and most of them will get bigger and bigger. If they grow on the eyelids, they will increase the risk of glaucoma. Need treatment.
6, coffee milk spots. Its color is like coffee with milk. It is brown. This kind of birthmark is mostly oval, mostly appearing on the trunk, buttocks and legs. It will gradually become bigger and darker with age, and generally will not bring health problems. If there are several birthmarks larger than coins at the same time, it is likely to be related to neurofibroma, so consult a doctor immediately.
7. Congenital nevus. About 1% of newborns will have this kind of nevus. Its shape is irregular, the small diameter is about 2 cm, and the big one can invade the whole back, neck or limbs. This mole may develop into skin cancer. If it's big, it needs treatment.