Also known as Tan Rongniang, it is recorded in Jiao Fangji and Yue Ji of Old Tang Dynasty. "Jiao Fangji" contains: "Step on the mother, there was a person in the Northern Qi Dynasty, surnamed Su, who looked after the nose. I am not an official, but I am a doctor. Indulge in drinking and hitting his wife every time he gets drunk. People do this when a wife complains about her sadness in front of her neighbors. My husband, dressed in women's clothes, came in to sing. On each stack, everyone else said in unison,' Come on, it's no use stepping on a ballad.' It is called' stepping on a ballad' because it is a step and a song. It is said to be' bitter'. When her husband arrived, they fought and laughed. The lady did it today, so she didn't call a doctor, but called Uncle Yun. Teasing Gaku has lost its old purpose. Or talk about Rong Niang, but it's not. The Book of the Old Tang Dynasty recorded: "My gentle and graceful mother was born in the late Sui Dynasty. At the end of the Sui Dynasty, there were ugly people in Hanoi who were addicted to alcohol. They often call themselves doctors and beat their wives when they are drunk. Their wives are beautiful and beautiful, and they complain a lot. He Shuo, who plays his songs, is a stringed instrument because he writes about his wife. The wife complained sadly and stepped on her mother every time she shook her body. Modern outstanding people have changed their system quite a bit, which is not the old purpose. " Because Jiao Fangji was written in the first century of the prosperous Tang Dynasty and the Book of the Old Tang Dynasty was written in the late Jin Dynasty, the content of "stepping on women" contained in it is the same as that in the Tongdian of the late Tang Dynasty. Therefore, when describing the performance of "stepping on one's mother's family", the times are different, but they are all "completely out of the old purpose" or "non-old purpose". Some scholars, when talking about "stepping on a ballad mother", made the following analysis of its changes between the early Tang Dynasty and the prosperous Tang Dynasty or between the early Tang Dynasty and the late Tang Dynasty: "In the early days, it was at the two corners of the Tang Dynasty ... In order to show the contrast between bitterness and joy, the family was surly. In the later stage of the performance, a clown appeared ... The character in the play (Tan Yaoniang) was not only tortured by the kindness of her spouse, but also oppressed by the economy and insulted by outsiders. On the surface, it seems that the unfolding and deepening of the plot is conducive to tragedy, but the ridicule of Dan's pure ugliness is nothing more than funny or even vulgar taste. In such a scene, the audience can't help laughing, diluting or even eliminating the original tragic mood. " (Ren Bantang's "Tang Dou") In other words, stepping on a ballad girl developed from a bitter drama at the beginning to a funny joke later, also called Tan Rongniang, which should appear in the late Tang Dynasty. Of course, singing and dancing have never changed.
In "Step on a Ballad Mother", the heroine's dance moves while singing, shaking her body with the rhythm of singing. Every time she sings, there are two sentences: "Come on, come on, why?" Chang Feiyue's poem "Tan Yong Rong Niang" omits the plot and focuses on painting her image;
Raise your hand and straighten the bud, turn over and dance the feast.
Horses are surrounded by turns, and people are pressed to watch the circle.
Songs should be sung in unison and love should be taught in a low voice.
I don't know how big my heart is, so I can tolerate a lot of pity.
From this, we can see the performance of "stepping on a ballad girl" in the folk square. At the same time, this program was also staged in the palace teaching workshop, and also performed at the banquet of senior officials and nobles. "When several cases brought nearly minister and bachelor's writing, and feast, taste the effect of the ci-poetry, thought to laugh. Zhang Xi, Minister of Industry, danced for "Talking about Rong Niang" ... "("Old Tang Book Guo Shan Yun Biography ")