Imitation of sentences is in accordance with the topic has been given the form of the statement, and then additionally write a new sentence similar to it, imitation of sentences is just sentence imitation, the text content can not be exactly the same. As long as the imitation is the form of the sentence, regardless of whether it is a single sentence or complex sentence, are included in the imitation sentence.
Second, the characteristics of imitation sentence:
Sentence form is the way the sentence is structured. For sentence style, students can understand it from two perspectives. First, the category of the sentence: the sentence includes two categories: single sentence and compound sentence; single sentence and non-subject-predicate sentence and subject-predicate sentence, and compound sentence has a variety of types. The second is the rhetorical point of view: we have to study which kind of sentences can most appropriately express thoughts and feelings, and have a more persuasive and infectious effect of expression. The study of sentence from the category of sentence is to analyze the static wound of language phenomenon, favoring the knowledge and understanding, mainly to solve the problem of how to make the language expression correct and error-free. From the rhetorical point of view, the study of sentence is a dynamic analysis of the language phenomenon, favoring the use of the main solution to the problem of how to make the language expression image, vivid, distinct, powerful.
Third, the imitation sentence test knowledge:
1, the test students of grammar, rhetoric and other knowledge of the comprehensive use of students according to different contexts and requirements, write and example of the content and form of the same or similar to the meaning of the sentence is closely related.
For example, life is a colorful palette. Hope is ___________________________.
[解析]这道题从句式上看是陈述句。 In the rhetorical use of metaphors, students should pay attention to the appropriate use of metaphors, the art of metaphor is valuable in innovation, to find fresh, lively metaphors, to maintain the coordination of the context. For example, hope is a star that never falls. Hope is a bright light that never goes out.
2. Examine the students' language skills, association, imagination, creative thinking.
For example: what kind of age is the most ideal? What kind of mind is the brightest? What kind of life is the most beautiful? What kind of youth is the most brilliant? The flowers say, how charming is my open age; the moon says, ____________________________; the sea oats say, _______________________. The sun says,_________________________________.
[解析]该问题是问答式的仿写，在回答上运用拟人的修辞，要求天下们针对性进行回答，有一定的开放度，但在解题时，要注意结合回答对象的特点。 Such as: my pure heart how bright; my struggle for life is extremely beautiful; my burning youth is extremely brilliant.
3, is the test of the students' level of ideological awareness, including moral quality, aesthetic awareness, aesthetic interest, and even the world view, outlook on life, values and so on.
For example: the meaning of life lies in giving and not in taking. If you are a big tree, spread a piece of shade; if you are a clear spring, moisturize a side of the land;_________________________________________________ , ________________________,_________________ .
[解析]这道题是既是续写又是仿写，要求同学们对句子进行仔细分析品味，揣摩出句中阐明的意义。 In addition to grasping the sentence of the imitation sentence (if ...... on ......) and rhetorical (metaphor, prose), especially pay attention to the sentence of the ideological content (dedication). This will have to rely on their own perception, write a philosophical life, enlighten people to establish a correct outlook on life sentences.
Fourth, the solution:
From the above test points, students can understand that the imitation of the example of the sentence is difficult to answer this kind of questions should start from several aspects:
1, review the question, clear imitation of the content. Find out the obvious information or hidden information in the example sentence. But part of the students always think that the question stem is so few sentences, what is good to review, I can memorize after a glance. I don't know that memorizing it doesn't mean you've examined it clearly. Another situation is that part of the students seem to understand the heart, but can not be effectively reflected in the answer, it can be said that "in the heart, hand no". To really clear explicit requirements, you can use the itemized approach, the requirements of the question stem decomposition, write each small point on the draft paper, and labeled with a serial number; or with a pencil gently labeled with a serial number on the question stem. We can break down the three explicit requirements: (1) add the proper subject, (2) the sentence is closely related to the next sentence, and (3) the sentence is basically the same. (When checking answers, we have to ask ourselves: Is there a subject? Is the subject appropriate? Is it closely related to the next sentence? Is the sentence style consistent?) A parody sentence can only be considered correct if it meets these three requirements. What is implied by the implicit message can only be obtained by synthesizing and analyzing the examples. The implicit requirements are also complex. But no matter how the example sentence changes, we can roughly consider its implicit requirements from such aspects: see whether the example sentence is a single sentence or a compound sentence, a declarative sentence or an interrogative sentence, a whole sentence or a loose sentence, an affirmative sentence or a negative sentence, a long sentence or a short sentence; look at the structure of the phrases within the single sentence, look at the logical relationship between the clauses in the compound sentence; look at the stylistic color, look at the tone of the emotion; look at the key words and so on. Students should attach great importance to the analysis of the implicit requirements.
2, to find the whole of its imitation point, determine the object of the statement
(1), the sentence form: because of the different categories of sentences, the tone of voice is also different, the expression effect is also different with.
This aspect of the research content in addition to the "tone of sentence" (statement sentence, question sentence, imperative sentence, exclamation sentence), should also include the special order, active sentence, passive sentence, affirmative sentence, negative sentence, linking sentence, part of the sentence, prompt sentence, summarize the sentence, and so on to be distinguished, to prevent the "out of shape". "out of shape". etc. In the imitation of compound sentences there are hypothetical sentences, cause and effect sentences, conditional sentences, transitive sentences, etc., that is, to focus on the whole sentence. If it is a complex sentence, the imitation sentence should also be a complex sentence, and the assumption, cause and effect, progressive, parallel and other complex relationships should also be consistent; if it is a single sentence, the imitation sentence should also be a single sentence, and the position of the main, predicate, object, definite, gerund, complementary consistent.
(2), the rhetorical point of view: this type of question is often to achieve rhetorical consistency, which requires students to the eight commonly used rhetoric can be correctly understood, and can be skillfully used. These eight kinds of rhetoric are metaphor, simile, prose, rhetorical question, couplet, substitution, questioning, hyperbole. If the rhetoric is not used properly, it will be "a tiny lapse, a huge mistake". Students in junior high school to master the main metaphor, prose, contrast, couplets and other forms. The requirements of the metaphorical sentence is to have the body and the metaphor, to have the similarity, to pay attention to the aptness, popularity, image; and the requirements of the prose sentence is to pay attention to the similar structure, the meaning of the coherent, the tone of voice, and so on.
(3), color perspective: such as the 1994 National College Entrance Examination questions of the main content of the example sentence is "Throughout history, the history of outstanding people, have made extraordinary efforts, and thus created a brilliant performance in the cause." This sentence is emotionally full of praise. And most of the imitation of the statement is required to philosophical, or implicit, which requires that students should first understand or comprehend the philosophy contained therein, grasp the context of the meaning of the vein, to prevent the "shape and meaning" imitation of the writing.
[Example sentence analysis]: money can buy food, can not buy appetite; money can buy books, can not buy knowledge; _________, ____________________; _____________________, ___________________________. Imitation of this sentence, from the form, must be the same as the example sentence, affirmation and negation of the two sentences to form a transitive compound sentence, several compound sentences must be formed into a prose sentence; from the semantic point of view, "can buy" are tangible, perceptible, material things, "can not buy" are intangible, sensible, material things, "can not buy" are intangible. "are intangible, abstract, spiritual things, the imitation of the time to pay attention to analyze the implied information. For example: money can buy medicine, can not buy health; money can buy fashion, can not buy beautiful; money can buy friends, can not buy friendship. Money can buy beautiful glasses, but not bright eyes. Money can buy high-grade fountain pens, but it can't buy a quick mind. Money can buy fragrant roses, but it can't buy true love. Money can buy expensive basketballs, but it can't buy good ball skills. Money can buy a precise clock, but can not buy the passing of time.
V. Try to imitate
Students have paid attention to what types of imitation sentences? Now we know that imitation writing test questions often with a great deal of synthesis, there are those forms?
1, the use of imitation writing
The requirements of the test: the form of the example sentence, write a sentence, the content of self-defined.
Example sentence: People love the fall, love her high sky, love her clouds, love her fragrance.
Imitation sentence: _____________, ______________, ______________, _____________.
[解析]：Doing this kind of test question, first of all, we should clarify the meaning of the question, identify the rhetorical devices used in the example sentence, and then apply them directly. The example sentence from the content, write the three characteristics of autumn; from the sentence, the use of the rhetorical device of prose. Therefore, the imitation writing of this question focuses on the selection of the content of the imitation sentence, and the sentence style only needs to be directly applied to the example sentence. The choice of content can be the scene, can be people or things, the key to grasp its characteristics. Such as: people love the spring, love her wind and sunshine, love her flowers and willows, love her rain moistens everything.
2, the continuation of imitation writing
The examination question requires: Imitation of the following sentence, continue to write a sentence, and the two lines constitute a coherent prose sentence.
Example sentence: If there is no imagination, thinking is like a flower that has lost its nourishment; if there is no imagination, thinking is like a bird that has broken its wings; if there is no imagination, ___________________________________?
[Analysis]: This question is both a continuation and an imitation, which requires students to carefully analyze and taste the sentence and figure out the meaning enunciated in the sentence. In addition to grasping the syntax of the imitation sentence (if ...... on ......) and rhetoric (simile, prose), it is especially important to pay attention to the ideological content contained in the sentence. This will have to rely on their own feelings, write a philosophical life, enlighten people to establish a correct outlook on life sentences. For example, if there is no imagination, thinking is like a fish leaving the ocean.
3, sentence-making imitation
The test requires: imitation of the following sentence. Write another set of sentences, requiring the choice of a new ontology and metaphor.
Example sentence: What is adaptation? Adaptation is the pine dancing in the wind on the cliffs of Mount Tai, the plum blooming in the snow in the cold winter months, and the seagull flying proudly in the flash of thunder.
Imitation: _____________________? _____________________, ____________________, ____________________.
[Analysis]: At a glance, this question seems to give students a lot of space for imitation, but careful scrutiny, it will be found that the question should pay strict attention to the sentence characteristics and rhetorical features of the example sentence, which is composed of questions and metaphors. And it is required to make a new choice of the question and metaphor. The question does not provide linguistic material, only content or form requirements; or provide linguistic material, but the content of what is written is self-defined. When solving the questions, students should pay attention. For example, what is friendship? Friendship is the link between emotions, is a bridge of mutual communication, is a good medicine to resolve conflicts, is the torch of unity and progress.
4, embedded imitation writing
Such as: friendship, is a life of great benefit to the savings. This savings, is in trouble in the love to help each other,____________,_________________________, is the wrong road of advice.
[Analysis]: From the type of question, the written sentence sandwiched in the middle of the material that has been provided, generally limits the sentence expression of the thinking space, the requirements and the front and back of the statement with the right, sentence or before or after to be the same. Such as: is a fall when a handful of sincere support, is the pain when wiping away the tears of a ray of spring wind.
5, propositional imitation writing:
Such as: the following sentence is written to "hypocrisy". Direct expression, simple and concise, please choose a word in the "friendship", "courage", "trust", imitation writing a sentence. (2000 Gao Kao)
Hypocrisy and fraud produce evil. ([US] Edison) ___________________.
[解析]：There is no context in these questions, and there is no need to consider the back-and-forth connection in terms of meaning and content, but only the syntax and meaning relationship of the sentence itself. Often set a language material, and then another proposition to determine the content. The first thing you need to do is to make sure that you have a good understanding of what you are doing.
VI. Summary of key points
1, trying to go from "similarity" to "similarity". Similarity: the same or similar in structure, rhetoric, and related words. Similarity: contextualization, elegance, healthy thinking, and encouragement of innovation.
2, to imitate the sentence "medical examination". See whether it has a speech defect, whether the original content, sentence consistency, rhetorical consistency. Can be connected with the original semantics, the veins of the text, into one.
3, the language should be elegant. Imitation of the answer is colorful, but if the students do not correctly examine the question, in the imitation of writing will reveal a negative and pessimistic mood, boredom of life attitude. Exude pessimistic thoughts, reflecting the lack of quality of being. Some are even blindly rebellious, writing a strange argument that the standard of right and wrong judgment is biased. Due to the thought style is not high, or even wrong, reduce the taste of the imitation sentence, so that even if the expression is fluent, it is difficult to get the desired score.
[Example sentence analysis]: Imitating the example sentence "money, can buy food, can not buy good taste; can buy books, can not buy knowledge", rewrite two sentences. Some students wrote: "Money can buy beautiful women, but not their hearts; it can buy mansions, but not happiness. Money, can buy a second wife, can not buy marriage; can buy expensive gifts, can not buy sincerity."
There are many similar examples, and it is difficult to cite them all. These examples, from the form of language expression basically meet the requirements, but carefully analyzed, it is not difficult to see the problem of student thinking. First, the idea of infantilization, physical and mental development is extremely uncoordinated, the lack of ideological understanding of due profundity. Not to mention inspirational, philosophical, and can not give people the beauty and enjoyment. Secondly, the idea of a low interest, low style, low taste tendency. Obviously refracted all sorts of bad phenomena in today's society, the impact of bad culture in the ivory tower of the students' thinking, although the content can not be considered completely wrong, but the overall feeling is that the style is not high, the interest is not strong, and the same can not give a person with the beauty of the culture and enjoyment.