Located in northeastern Spain, Barcelona's official language is Spanish, but the native Catalan is spoken throughout the region. Barcelona is the port city of Catalonia, is a world-renowned Mediterranean tourist destinations and world-famous historical and cultural city, but also Spain's most important trade, industry and financial base, industrial output accounted for the country's 1 / 5, automotive, heavy machinery, chemicals, precision instruments, textiles and other industrial sectors. The port of Barcelona is also the largest port on the Mediterranean coast and the largest container distribution terminal, the port of Barcelona is the country's largest integrated port, the annual port ships for 8,000 (total tonnage of 40 million tons), the annual throughput of 20 million tons. Barcelona is older than Madrid, in most of Spain's history, it is more important than Madrid, first the capital of the Visigoths, and later the territory of the powerful counts of Barcelona. 1137 became the capital of the United Kingdom of Catalonia and Aragon, and since then has become an extremely rich and conspicuous city. early in the fifteenth century, Barcelona and its jurisdiction into the State of Spain, and since then Madrid and Barcelona, and its jurisdiction into the State of Spain. In the early 15th century Barcelona and its region were incorporated into the Spanish state, and since then there has been a fierce rivalry between Madrid and Barcelona, which has prospered as one of the country's leading seaports, commercial centers, and industrial cities.
In 237 the Carthaginians began to build settlements, from 415 as the capital of the Duchy of Carthage, the 11th century gradually built as the earliest Spanish ports of call, the city was founded in 1503, the 16th century Ottoman expansion and the establishment of the American colonies to influence the status of its business. 19th century Spanish industry began to develop, the city in 1832 to establish the steam engine textile factories, the most advanced city, and also the most advanced city of the nation's industry, and also the most advanced city in the country. In the 19th century Spanish industry began to develop, and the city became the most industrialized in the country with the establishment of a steam-engine textile factory in 1832, and was the first city in Spain to see the emergence of a labor movement.
Industry was originally known for machinery, textiles, printing, food, etc., especially shipbuilding and textile industry has the longest history, for the country's largest shipbuilding industry and textile industry center. After the Second World War, automobile, chemical, precision instruments, plastics and other industries developed rapidly. The total industrial output value accounts for 1/5 of the country, and is the largest industrial center in Spain. The city produces a wide variety of wines, especially aged wines. There is a wine museum. There is also the world-famous Catalan custard sweets and pasta and other valuable food. Agriculture, especially Mediterranean fruit horticulture, is well developed in and around the city. The largest seaport in the country and an important rail and air hub. Import and export trade accounts for more than 40% of the country's total. The city exports textiles, ships, chemicals, canned fruits, etc., and imports machinery, oil, cotton, grains, etc. The city is well connected by transportation. Convenient transportation in the city, the construction of underground railway.
The city of Barcelona is also the birthplace of Catalan culture, and the cultural and linguistic development of France has deep roots. The city has a number of museums, and the Catalan Medical School and the University of Barcelona are located in Barcelona. There are more than 20 museums in the city, including the Catalan Museum of Art, the Picasso Museum, the Museum of History and the Museum of Nature. It was the first city in Spain to open a printing office and the first city in Europe to publish a newspaper. The Barcelona International Music Festival is held in October every year, and in 1992 the 25th Olympic Games were held in the city. In the center of the old city there is the Cathedral, built in the 13th century, and medieval palaces and houses.
Because of the unforgettable gray stone buildings of the Gothic Quarter, wide avenues with trees on both sides, and peaks that rise up like the tip of a needle, it is also a temple of artists, and the legacy of the world-famous Picasso, Gaudi, and Miro can be seen everywhere in the city.
The old medieval palaces and houses are interspersed with modern buildings, and the "Flower Market Street". The Bright Fountain on the Plaza de Espa?a is ingenious,, the zoo,, the Frederic Massei Gallery, the Picasso Museum,, the local Saldana Garden Dance,,.
Barcelona has a typical Mediterranean climate, mild and pleasant, sunny and full of flowers all year round, unlike Madrid, which has four distinct seasons. The winter and early spring months are rainy, but rarely snowy, and temperatures rarely drop below freezing. The pleasant climate, the famous Golden Coast and the romantic human environment attract tens of millions of foreign tourists every year. This has led to the development of local tourism services and related industries. Revenue from tourism and related industries is one of the most important sources of income for the city of Barcelona.
Barcelona public **** transportation is very convenient, the metro in all directions, public **** car rarely crowded phenomenon, most of them are elderly,, people can play golf, tennis, swimming, water skiing, driving a sailboat, hunting, fishing, including opera,,, there are many other fine arts exhibitions and musical performances.
Barcelona hosted two World Expositions in 1888 and 1929, laying the foundations for the city's growth, and in 1992 hosted the 25th Olympic Games, which made Barcelona even more famous and known to more people around the world.
Geographic location:
Barcelona is located in the northeast of the Iberian Peninsula, facing the Mediterranean Sea. The main part of the city is built on a plateau in the Colcerola Mountains, which covers an area of about 160 square kilometers, of which the city occupies 101 square kilometers. The Lobrigat River flows to the south-west of the city and the Bassos River to the north. It is about 160 kilometers from the Pyrenees on the French-Spanish border.
The Collserola Mountains, part of the coastal range, lie to the north-east of the city, and their highest point, the Dibidabo Peak, rises to 512 meters above sea level, offering a bird's eye view of the city. Barcelona as a whole is in the hilly terrain, many neighborhoods in the city named after nearby hills, such as Carmel (267 meters above sea level), Putésit (181 meters above sea level), Lovella (281 meters above sea level). The famous cliffs of Montejoque are located in the south-west of the city, 173 meters high, from the top of which you can overlook the entire port of Barcelona, because of its privileged location Barcelonians built the Castle of Montejoque in the 17th and 18th centuries, which could control the lifeblood of the entire city, and replaced the Castle of Xiutadra. Today, the Castle of Montjuic is a museum and the district of Montjuic is home to many sports and cultural organizations.
Administrative divisions:
Consisting of the provinces of Barcelona (Bercelona), Lerida, Gerona and Tarragona, it is the leading industrial and commercial region of Spain. The Cardalonian people are characterized by hard work, simplicity and traditional values, and Barcelona has a Mediterranean climate with four seasons of spring.
Climate Overview:
Barcelona has a typical Mediterranean climate with warm winters, cool summers, wet springs and autumns, making it ideal for traveling all year round; the average temperature in winter is 11 degrees Celsius, with November and January being the coldest months of the year, averaging 10 degrees Celsius; the average temperature in summer is 24 degrees Celsius. The best time to visit Barcelona is in the summer, when you can enjoy the Mediterranean sunshine to the fullest, and the crowds sunbathing on the beaches are a sight to behold.
City reputation:
Barcelona's pleasant climate, beautiful scenery, monuments everywhere, known as the "Pearl of the Iberian Peninsula", is Spain's most famous tourist attractions. It is the ancient city of Spain's culture, the Mediterranean Manhattan. The whole city is surrounded by mountains and the sea, with majestic terrain, and the Gothic, Renaissance and Baroque buildings and modern buildings in the city reflect each other. Between the Placa Portal de la Pau and the Placa de Cataluna, centered on the Cathedral, there are countless buildings worth visiting. The city tour starts at the Royal Palace. Gaudi's architecture is Barcelona's greatest jewel, and the Mediterranean Gold Coast is a seaside resort.
Cultural Characteristics:
Barcelona is a diverse city with a diverse face. Visitors who are not familiar with the history of the city may find it a little different when they come here, as the old Gothic Quarter still retains its original appearance in such a modern city, as if it had never been touched by the changes of history.
Architectural features:
Barcelona has no shortage of Spanish Romantic architecture, represented by the Sagrada Familia Church, which stands like a signpost to the sky. Built in 1882, the church was delayed due to lack of funds, and only the Nativity Gate, one of the three main doors of the sanctuary, has been completed. Nevertheless, those who have seen it are impressed and amazed. The Palais Gueule is as moving as the Garden City, and it is a marvel to behold. The Guggenheim Museum is an extraordinary building, with its huge, thick rock formations that form an enormous kettle, grotesque, treacherous and imposing. If you've never been to Barcelona, you can't imagine it.
Barcelona is an elegant city, with slopes gently rising up the surrounding hills. The coast from Barcelona to the French border is full of rocky headlands and sandy coves. The golden sandy beaches, with their blue waters and dark green olive groves and pine forests on the shores, can make you feel like you're in a wonderland, whether in the full sun or at sunset.
Barcelona's streets are lined with a variety of statues and figures.
Barcelona's climate is mild and pleasant. The city's Plaza Catalunya is a center of entertainment and shopping. In the street stalls, you can buy the most local suede jackets and coats, lace shawls, and exquisite silverware. It's a convenient place to stop for a meal while you shop and play.
Cafes, restaurants and bars of all levels offer excellent service. Local specialties include lobster, seafood and beans with sausage from the Brava Bay. Of course there are also Chinese restaurants.
Barcelona's nickname:
Azulgrana (Azulgrana), in the Barcelona region, both the old and young people love to use this name Barcelona, and out of the province of Catalonia, people are called Barcelona. Barcelona is very much like Shanghai in China, beautiful, famous, ancient, intelligent but not the capital, so something has contributed to the fact that they prefer to use their own language rather than the official one, thus giving rise to the alias of the Barcelona team. In the Catalan dialect, Azul is blue and Grana is red, which together are the colors of the Barcelona uniforms, making Azul Grana synonymous with the Barcelona team, and Spanish soccer professionals also use Azul Grana more often, because when talking about Barcelona it's not necessarily about the team, but Azul Grana must refer specifically to the Barcelona team (but also to the team). Barcelona is also known as the club's other programs: handball, basketball, water polo, etc.). Barcelona also has an older name: Cules, which has a nasty connotation. In the 20's Barcelona, do not yet have today's world-renowned soccer stadium, the stadium was very small, the audience sat on a thin strip of benches to watch the game, the back are exposed to half of the buttocks, due to the lack of fences, from the periphery of the stadium, countless half of the buttocks exposed, becoming a spectacle in Barcelona at the time. Therefore, people will be Barcelona team named Gules, and Gules is the buttocks. Today, this name is no longer common in the Barcelona area, but only the white elements are not forgotten and are often used.
World Heritage Sites
Eight buildings in Barcelona are listed as World Heritage Sites:
Buildings designed by Antoni Gaudí i Cornet were listed as World Heritage Sites in 1984:
1. CASA VICENS (1883-1888)
2. 2. Palais Guell (1886 - 1889)
3. Parc Guell (1900-1914)
4. Casa Batllé (1904-1906)
5. Casa Milé, La Pedrera (1906-1912) 6. Casa Sainte-Fran?aise (1906-1912) 7. Casa Vicens (1883-1888)
8. -(1883-1926)
Buildings designed by Lluís Domènech i Montaner were listed as World Heritage Sites in 1997:
1. Catalan Concert Hall Palau de la Música Catalana (1905-1908)
2. Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau (1902-1930)
Barcelona's airport is located 13 kilometers southwest of the city center. The airport has 3 exits. There are daily direct flights between Barcelona and more than 30 international cities. Time to Barcelona: from London is 2 hours; from New York is 7 hours and 30 minutes; from Los Angeles is 13 hours; from Toronto is 14 hours and 10 minutes; from Sydney is 15 minutes and 25 hours.
Trains leave the airport for the city center every 30 minutes, 05:30-22:00 daily, and take about half an hour.
Spain's national railroad is RENFE, and there are two main train stations in Barcelona: Estacio Sants, which is the starting point for long-distance trains to and from cities in Spain, is well-equipped, and there is also an underground train station that runs to and from various districts of the city. Estacop de France is the main train station for trains to and from France, and some of the trains of the domestic line also stop at this station.
Madrid's Chamartin station is served by 10 buses a day to Barcelona, which run for seven hours and cost around 30-40 euros.
The underground is the most convenient way to get around Barcelona, with five routes, all color-coded, and an uncomplicated network of routes that can be used more often. Maps of the subway routes are available at tourist centers and subway ticket offices.
Barcelona's buses are single-decker, with spacious seats and a wide variety of routes, and there are maps at every bus stop, making them easy to understand. Most buses run from 5:30 to 23:00 in the morning.
The best way to get around Barcelona is to take a sightseeing bus, which offers free boarding and alighting at 24 major sightseeing spots in the city on a single ticket, and which runs from 09:00 to 21:30, every 20 minutes. There are many of them, and you can see them everywhere. Empty taxis display "Lliure" or "Libre" on their windshields and have a green light on their roofs at night. The taxi is also a "Lliure" or "Libre" on the windshield. In addition, there are surcharges for late nights, Saturdays, Sundays and holidays.