1. Composition on visiting the ancient cultural street
A few days ago, I visited the ancient cultural street in Tianjin.
Fortunately, on the way to Ancient Culture Street, I first experienced the style of the Drum Tower, which is known as one of the "Three Treasures" of Tianjin Wei. Climbing up to the square platform of the Drum Tower made of blue bricks, you can have a panoramic view of the Ancient Culture Street.
I continued climbing while admiring the street view. When we reached the top, we saw a bronze bell nearly 2 meters high and weighing 3 tons hanging in the center of the Drum Tower.
I tried my best to knock three times in a row, and the melodious and simple bells floated out, with lingering sounds. It was really "Gaochang, come up quickly and see the shadows of the sails of the seventy-two boats; who wakes up in the prosperity, listen to the hundred Bazhao bells ring in the morning and evening." After getting off the Drum Tower, I walked eastward, passing through the 10-meter-high archway engraved with "Jinmen Hometown", and arrived at Tianhou Palace, where the Tianjin Folklore Museum is located on Ancient Culture Street.
Tianhou Temple faces east and west, facing the Haihe River. It covers an area of ??5,360 square meters and has a construction area of ??2,500 square meters. It has a history of nearly 800 years. The entire Tianhou Palace is built with blue bricks and tiles, with cornices and brackets. The shape is simple, elegant and very unique.
Standing in front of Thean Hou Temple, the first thing that catches the eye is the five gilded characters "Save and Build Thean Hou Temple" engraved on the forehead of the mountain gate. Entering the mountain gate, passing through the tall and wide front hall, and heading west to the main building of Thean Hou Temple - the main hall.
This place is magnificent and full of incense. The statue of the Queen of Heaven enshrined in the main hall wears a phoenix crown and a Xia quilt, with a dignified and peaceful expression.
After leaving Tianhouguan, a grand temple fair was being held in the square. In the distance, the singing of ancient songs on the theater floor is soul-stirring; nearby, the dancing stilts are light and graceful, the dancing golden lions are majestic, and the flying dragons are breathtaking... The gongs and drums here are noisy, and there are clouds of spectators and applause. The tide is very lively.
After leaving the square, I came to the bustling Gongnan Street and Gongbei Street. There are rows of imitation Qing Dynasty shops on both sides of the street, with a dazzling array of products.
The shelves were covered with red blessing characters, money hangings, paper cuts and couplets; the shelves were covered with red lanterns and Chinese knots. People in Tang suits are as happy as koi fish swimming through the water. This is really a sea of ??red! Take a bite of the oily "Goubuli" steamed buns; break off a piece of crunchy "18th Street" twists; eat a bunch of "Ding Da Shao" sugar dumplings with "no hair on the skin"; drink a bowl of Sweet and rich Yang's "Dragon Mouth Big Teapot" tea soup; buy a Yangliuqing painting of "more than one year after year"; make a "Clay Figure Zhang" of "Tiger Laifu"; fly a "Kite Wei" of "Pleasant Goat"; A lifelike "big sword general" - bee beetle... The ancient culture street is full of flavor, like a jar of century-old wine, which is endlessly memorable. 2. The history and culture of Tianjin Ancient Culture Street
Ancient Culture Street is a street composed of small folk shops imitating the Qing Dynasty in China.
Centered on Tianhou Palace, a historic site in the Yuan Dynasty, Ancient Culture Street is located outside the east gate of the northeastern corner of Nankai District, Tianjin, on the west bank of the Haihe River, from the north to the northeast corner. It is located in the downtown area, starting from Laotieqiao Street (Gongbei Street). ), facing Haihe River in the east and Shuige Street (Gongnan Street) in the south. There is an archway at each of the north and south street entrances with the words "Jinmen Hometown" and "Gushang Art Garden". The Tianhou Palace is commonly known as the "Empress' Palace" and is the main tourist attraction on the ancient cultural street.
There is an ancient temple on this street that has been famous for hundreds of years. It was originally called "Tianfei Palace" and was later renamed "Tianhou Palace". Tianjin faces the Bohai Sea to the east and the capital city at its back. Since ancient times, Tianjin has been a water and land transportation hub where boats and cars gather.
Thean Hou Temple is a temple built to worship the sea god Tianhou to protect water transportation when water transportation developed greatly.
Extended information: Since ancient times, this area has been Tianjin's largest trade and New Year market. Every spring, Tianjin's grand imperial gathering - the auspicious birthday of the Empress - is held here, with performances on stilts and dragon lanterns. , land boat, lion dance, etc.
As one of the ten scenic spots in Tianjin, Tianjin Ancient Culture Street has always adhered to the business characteristics of "Chinese flavor, Tianjin flavor, cultural flavor, ancient flavor" and mainly sells cultural supplies. There are nearly a hundred shops in Ancient Culture Street.
In 1989, Qiaoxiangge, which mainly deals in cloisonne, Suzhou embroidery, and interior-painted crystals, settled in Ancient Culture Street. Over the past 20 years, Qiaoxiangge has expanded its business scope in a timely manner and expanded its sales channels to Germany (Bremen, Berlin, Lübeck), Japan (Osaka), Malaysia (Klang, Kuala Lumpur and other places.
Baidu Encyclopedia --Tianjin Ancient Culture Street. 3. What is Cultural Street? Cultural Street refers to the cultural and commercial blocks that have appeared in some cities and urban planning in China in recent years.
Sometimes. The term "ancient culture street" is commonly used, such as Liulichang Ancient Culture Street in Beijing, Tianhou Temple Ancient Culture Street, etc.
Cultural streets are also understood to refer to shops selling antiques, arts, crafts, and cultural supplies. As well as commercial streets featuring second-hand bookstores and various bookstores, the architectural style of the former is mostly based on the style of ancient Chinese buildings, forming the style of ancient Chinese streets. Some are also imitated in the style of "Along the River During Qingming Festival" in the Song Dynasty. , is called Song Street, and some are built in imitation of Qing style and are called Qingfeng Street (such as Chengde's "Qingfeng Market").
The latter does not limit its architectural style and style. The names are mainly based on the nature of the types of goods sold. There are currently no strict regulations and clear standards for distinguishing cultural streets, especially the currently named cultural streets. Many of them are both. 4. What is the history of Wu Culture?
Wu Culture: The abbreviation of Wudi regional culture refers to all the achievements of ancient and modern material civilization and spiritual civilization in Wudi. It is generally called Wudi culture, Jiangnan culture, Wuyue culture, Suzhou culture, etc.
It was based on the pre-Wu and Wu culture, developed during the Warring States, Qin, Han, Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, and developed in the Sui, Tang, Song, and Yuan dynasties, reaching its peak after the Ming Dynasty, with the decline and decline of China's feudal society. With the emergence of capitalism, Wu culture began to transform from traditional culture to modern culture.
According to historical records, the Yellow Emperor’s surname was Gongsun from Shaodian. His clan had long lived in the Jishui Basin (about today). Northern Shaanxi).
After the clan became strong and independent, it was changed to Ji as the surname. Huangdi was the first person in history to have the surname Ji, so it became the surname of Ji and all surnames derived from Ji, such as Wu. The most primitive and fundamental ancestors of the family.
Huangdi married four virtuous wives, namely the ancestor of the Xiling family, the daughter of the Fang Lei family, the daughter of Tong Yunu, and the mother. Legend has it that Aimei was the ugliest girl in the world, but she had a very loving and kind heart.
The Yellow Emperor and his four concubines gave birth to twenty-five sons, most of whom became independent. At the end of the barbaric era, the surnames of newly independent clans were awarded by the leaders of tribal alliance groups.
According to legend, the Yellow Emperor determined the surnames through the law, as recorded in "Guoyu·Jinyu". : "Of the twenty-five sons of the Yellow Emperor, there are fourteen surnames, which are twelve surnames: Ji, You, Qi, Ji, Teng, Zhen, Ren, Gou, Xi, Gu, Yan, Yishiye." Among them, only the two sons of Huangdi and his concubine, Xuanxiao and Changyi, inherited the Huangdi's original surname Ji. The Wu surname was passed down from the Xuanxiao branch. The "Danyang Wu Genealogy" is exactly Shaowu (Xuanxiao) is the second distant ancestor.
The father of Gu Guild had three sons: the eldest son Taibo (also known as Taibo), the founder of the Ji surname Wu; the second son Zhongyong, the founder of the Ji surname Wu; the youngest son Ji Li , is the father of the famous King Wen of Zhou in history. The capital of Wu State has been moving. When Zhufan was the king of Wu, he established the capital at Mudu in Wuzhong District, Suzhou today. After the prince assassinated Wang Liao, he became the king of Wu, which is Helu. Under the leadership of Wu Zixu, he rebuilt the capital and the big city is Helu. Later it became Wujun County City, Suzhou Fucheng, and today's Suzhou City.
This can be seen in all ancient historical records of Suzhou since "Yue Jueshu" and "Wu Yue Chun Qiu". From then on, Wujunjuncheng, Suzhou Fucheng, and Suzhou became the center of Wu culture to this day.
For seven centuries, Wuxi has been the political, economic, cultural and military center of the Jiangnan region and the capital of the Kingdom of Wu. With the right time, place and people, many famous figures have appeared: There is a saying that Wu Taibo, the founder of the Kingdom of Wu, , Zhongyong, there is the world-class military strategist Wu Confucius (Sun Wu), who wrote 13 chapters of the world's first military book in ancient times, "The Art of War". "The Art of War" not only shocked China, but also American military strategists to this day were impressed by Sun Tzu's theory of the Art of War.
There is a strong man named Zhuanzhu, who is famous in China for roasting fish. He is a famous cooking expert and is known as the "originator of chefs". With amazing arm strength, he was bribed by Prince Guang, creating the historical tragedy of "a sword hidden in the belly of a fish".
He stabbed the King of Wu to death on the spot. According to his will, Prince Guang said: "He must be buried in the palace of King Wu", that is, he was buried generously in Dalou Lane in Wuxi City (the Zhuanzhu Memorial Tower was destroyed after liberation). When the assassination scene was being cleaned up, the murderous palace was filled with massacres by several groups of soldiers. There was a chaos of crying and shouting. Broken dishes were thrown all over the floor. Finally, a large amount of garbage was dumped into the nearby river pond ( Note: Rivers crisscrossed the area near the original Dashiqiao. In the past, Zhongshan Road was a river, and there were rivers under Sanfeng Bridge. During the renovation, a bronze dagger from the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period was found while digging the foundation for a high-rise building in the East Street area. This was excavated near Wu Wugong. The Spring and Autumn bronze sword may be the "Zhuanzhu assassin sword" ". If the "King of Yue Goujian's Sword of Wu" praised by Guo Moruo as a national treasure is as valuable as the thousand-year-old craftsman Wan Xin, then the discovery of the "King of Wu Sword" which is half a century earlier than the "King of Yue" has even more historical and political significance. , it is the sword of King Wu's Helu sect that specializes in assassinating King Liao. It not only has the value of handicrafts, but also has historical value. It is recommended that the city museum should focus on protecting this sword for the world to appreciate.
Cultural experts and archaeological experts should go deep into the scene and construction sites to discover more ancient civilizations in the wave of reform and opening up, so as to serve the cause of socialist construction. and restore heritage sites.
During the Spring and Autumn Period, a hundred flowers bloomed and a hundred schools of thought contended; at the beginning of the Warring States Period, Wu and Yue fought again. In the Battle of Mashan, the State of Wu was defeated and Fu Chai perished (B.C. 473-B.C. 472). The entire history of the foundation of Wu founded by Taibo lasted for more than 740 years.
Fan Li and Xi Shi also disappeared in Taihu Lake, and Fan Li changed his name to Tao Zhugong. He made pottery and did business, went boating on Li Lake, and is famous for having the world's earliest "Fish Farming Sutra", which is still used by fish farmers in the Asia-Pacific region. praised by fish experts. After King Chu Wei destroyed Yue in 335 BC, Wuxi was run by Huang Xie, Chun Shenjun, Prime Minister of Chu State. He developed agriculture, mined tin mines in Xishan, manufactured tin utensils, built Huangcheng (also known as Wu Xu), and often drank Ma Yuhui (Ma Yuhui). Namely Hui Mountain, later generations commemorated it and named it Huanggongjian. After liberation, a stone square was erected with the inscription "Chunshen Jian".
Tin mining was nearly exhausted by the time of Qin Shihuang (221 B.C.). In the fifth year of Emperor Gaozu's reign in the Western Han Dynasty (202 B.C.), the county was formally established as a county by the state and named Wuxi County.
In the Wang Mang period, it was changed to Youxi County, and in the Sui Dynasty it was changed to Wuxi County. During the Yongzheng period of the Qing Dynasty, the current Zhongshan Road (originally a river running from north to south) was used as the boundary, and the west of the river was designated as Wuxi County. The Yamen was located between the current postal hall and the postal and telecommunications hall. In the early days of liberation, the Southern Jiangsu Administrative Office worked here. There were two stone lions in front of the door. It was moved to the entrance of today's Xihui Park; because there is Jinkui Mountain in the west of Hexi (now in the wild garden of Dashou Lane), it was named Jinkui County. In 1911, it was merged into Sikkim Army County. The current park in the city was originally Sikkim Park, Jingui County The County Zhengtang Yamen is now the location of Chong'an District ***.
The Wu culture, the source of Jiangnan civilization, is the source of ancient Jiangnan civilization. The foundation created by Wu Taibo is the longest vassal state in ancient Chinese history. The Wu State has a history of 740 years, which is longer than any other state in history. It is incomparable to the princely states. The pursuit of truth is more valuable than the possession of truth.
Taibo’s majestic energy will last through the ages, and his liver and gallbladder will remain in this world. There is a saying in the world that "Jiangnan culture began with Tai Bo, and Wu songs are like the golden chamber of the sea" (Wuxi).
Taibo went south and combined the poetry of the Zhou Dynasty with the native (mountain) songs of the Wuxi area.
5. Where did Liulichang Cultural Street come from?
The predecessor of Liulichang Cultural Street was Haiwang Village in the Liao Dynasty.
In the early Yuan Dynasty, the government established a kiln for firing five-color glazed tiles here, and it was named "Glazed Factory". In the fourth year of Yongle in the Ming Dynasty (AD 1406), due to the construction of the Forbidden City, the scale of the Liuli Kiln Factory expanded rapidly and became one of the five major factories under the Ministry of Industry (the other four factories were the Shenmu Factory, the Black Kiln Factory, the Damu Factory, and the Taiji Factory). The people nearby commonly call it "Changdian".
Although Liulichang in the early Ming Dynasty was already very large, the surrounding wilderness was sparsely populated and full of rivers, ponds, high hills, and puddles. It was still a completely rural scene. At the end of the Ming Dynasty, the Liulic kiln moved to Liulicu Village in Mentougou, west of Beijing. Residents and guild halls began to appear in Changdian for candidates and scholars to stay when they went to Beijing for the imperial examination.
During the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty, the lantern market that was originally located near Donghuamen and Dengshikou moved to Liulichang. Every year from the first day to the sixteenth day of the first lunar month of the lunar calendar, the place is bustling with various acrobatic performances and gongs and drums during the day; at night, lanterns and colorful lights are displayed, and the lights are as bright as day.
Numerous vendors selling antiques, calligraphy and paintings, food, flowers, jewelry, clothing, and groceries have gathered here, setting up tents and stalls, and hawking loudly, making Liulichang become "a city full of people like a sea, dusty and dusty" Passing through the gap, the streets are lined with curtains and carts, and the streets are crowded with people.
In the early years of Qianlong's reign, the book market originally located in Ciren Temple (now Baoguo Temple) inside Guang'anmen was moved to Liulichang, and some of the original bookstalls in Liulichang were also expanded into bookstores. By the time the Siku Museum was opened in the 38th year of Qianlong's reign (1773 AD) and the collection of books from all over the world was collected, Liulichang had developed into a cultural market centered on the book industry, where "the carriages and horses of the whole dynasty galloped". 6. Is Ancient Culture Street a place for excellent traditional culture?
UNESCO pointed out in the book "Learning to Survive": "To develop, human beings must face the future on the one hand, and return to the past on the other hand. The origin of mankind, absorbing wisdom from our ancestors." China's excellent traditional culture is a relatively stable cultural form formed and developed by the Chinese nation in ancient Chinese society. It is the crystallization of the wisdom of the Chinese nation and the historical heritage of the Chinese nation in real life. display in.
This ideological system contains rich cultural and scientific spirit, which is mainly reflected in three aspects: First, the study of cohesion. China’s excellent traditional culture is a culture of internal cohesion. The basic spirit of this culture is to focus on harmony. , organically connect individuals and others, individuals and groups, and people and nature to form a cultural relationship; the second is the theory of compatibility. Chinese traditional culture is not a closed system, although foreign exchanges were restricted in ancient China. Next, it still achieves compatibility with foreign Buddhism with an open attitude. The third is the study of managing the world and applying it. The essential feature of culture is to promote the humanization of nature and society. China's excellent traditional culture highlights the Confucian style of studying the world and applying it. , it starts from studying the relationship between heaven and man, and ends with self-cultivation, governing the country, and peace of the world. It strives to realize its value in the real society, and applying it to the world is the basic spirit of culture and science.
The development of traditional Chinese cultural education is somewhat complex. Traditional education should be integrated with modern education and integrated into the modern education system. The practical way is to open up excellent Chinese traditional education in the existing school education system. Channel: Integrating Chinese traditional culture into relevant subjects without affecting the original curriculum or increasing the burden on students; making full use of the second classroom, through reports, lectures, or various activities such as visits, tours, performances, competitions, etc. , so that students can be influenced by China's excellent traditional culture in a subtle way. Obviously, this is a question worthy of reflection and discussion by teachers of all related disciplines, including geography teachers. 1. The feasibility of implementing China's excellent traditional culture education in geography teaching It is a comprehensive science that mainly studies the interaction and interaction between natural elements and humanistic elements on the earth's surface. Geography integrates nature and humanities into one, and has the characteristics of comprehensiveness and openness. Therefore, geography is easy to integrate with other disciplines. Disciplines establish interdisciplinary connections, including natural subjects, social subjects, and China’s excellent traditional culture. They are generated and developed in China’s specific geographical stage and exist in a specific geographical environment. These excellent traditional cultural knowledge are mostly distributed in the geography disciplines. In human geography, sub-disciplinary knowledge such as cultural geography, settlement geography, tourism geography and agricultural geography. For example, ancient Chinese farming culture at the material cultural level, the different cultural characteristics of ancient dwellings and gardens in the north and south, my country's material cultural heritage, Scenic spots, etc.; religious culture, customs and folk customs at the spiritual and cultural level. From this point of view, the geography subject covers a large amount of Chinese traditional cultural knowledge. With the help of geography teaching as a carrier, the purpose of realizing China’s excellent traditional culture is realistic and feasible.
2. Specific measures to integrate excellent traditional cultural education in middle schools into geography teaching (1) Efforts to explore knowledge elements and select relevant content. Among the great achievements of ancient Chinese geography, some contents are obvious in geography textbooks. For example, the 19-year seven-leap method in the lunar calendar was more than 160 years earlier than the ancient Greek astronomer Medon discovered this cycle; our country has the world's earliest about Records of Halley's Comet and sunspots; discussions of sustainable development ideas on resource utilization and ecological protection in ancient my country, etc. Teaching these contents can enhance students' national self-esteem, self-confidence and pride, and achieve the purpose of cultivating patriotism. Among them, Geography teachers can dig deeper into some content by consulting the data. For example, regarding the "changes in the earth's crust", students were often interested in the marine fossils on Mount Everest. Teachers can further introduce it from Shen Kuo, a famous scientist in the Song Dynasty: Shen Kuo Yu In 1074 AD, when he went to inspect the border defense on Hebei West Road (about present-day western Hebei Province and northern Henan Province), he passed by the foothills of the Taihang Mountains and found that "people often hold snail shells and stones like bird eggs, and they stretch across the stone walls like ribbons. This is what happened in the past." "Seaside" has achieved the effect of penetration. When using ancient geographical knowledge to educate China's excellent traditional culture, we must also pay attention to selecting relevant content. For example, regarding the map knowledge in textbooks, every dynasty in our country's history has made significant achievements. However, it is necessary to intervene selectively in teaching. Regarding longitude and latitude mapping, the "Imperial Map of the Imperial Palace" during the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty was the first map to use the longitude and latitude cartography method. The "Haiguo Tuzhi" compiled by Wei Yuan during the Daoguang period was the first in China. This is a world atlas compiled using the longitude and latitude cartography method. The selection of map projection in this atlas is basically consistent with the projection selection based on regional location and outline in modern maps. The design of map symbols is also similar to modern maps, but different Countries use different scales, which can be called a pioneering work on world atlases in the history of Chinese cartography.
(2) Create a teaching atmosphere and create a learning situation through diversified approaches.
The content of China's excellent traditional culture appears in geography teaching, often as some supporting knowledge to demonstrate and explain problems. Teachers must conduct in-depth discussions, carefully design, and use flexible methods to create a good atmosphere, without overshadowing the teaching time limit. , can vividly and clearly highlight geographical knowledge points, and at the same time serve the purpose of infiltrating China's excellent traditional culture. For the content of China's excellent traditional culture with rich humanistic colors, for example, the regional nature of living culture, teachers can prepare picture materials to let students Intuitively experience the pocket houses in the Northeast Plains, the tents in the Inner Mongolia grasslands (such as Mongolian felt bags), the courtyard houses in North China, the caves in the Loess Plateau (such as Yan'an cave dwellings), and the dry buildings in Lingnan (such as Diaojiaolou), etc., and gain experience from them The wisdom and creativity of people of all ethnic groups in our country; regarding customs and customs, such as ethnic costume culture, teachers can prepare physical displays of relevant ethnic costumes in advance or let students wear them for simulated performances to make teaching more vivid and understand various ethnic groups in an active atmosphere. Cultural awareness and national character. ③ Build an open inquiry-based learning mechanism and build an interactive platform. China’s excellent traditional cultural education is rich in content and has a broad extension. Teachers must be good at letting students go out of the geography classroom and use the Internet to collect or conduct social practice surveys.