Biedongda
Gaoshi
A thousand miles away in Huang Yun,
The north wind blows goose feathers and heavy snow one after another.
Mochow has no bosom friend in the future,
Everyone in the world doesn't know you.
[Notes]
1. Dong Da: Dong, a famous pianist in the Xuanzong period of the Tang Dynasty. Ranked first among brothers, so it is called "Dong Da".
2. Wei: dim.
Jun: It means Dongda University.
[Brief analysis]
This is a farewell poem to the famous pianist Dong. During the prosperous Tang Dynasty, Hu music was popular, and few people could enjoy such ancient music as the lyre. Cui Jue has a poem: "Seven strings are cold and five tones, and this skill of knowing friends has been difficult since ancient times. Only Fang Zilu (Prime Minister of the Tang Dynasty) in Henan Province has always pitied Dong Lanting. " At this time, Gao Shi was also very depressed. In wandering around, he is often in a poor situation (he wrote in "Don't move big" II: "The husband should be poor and cheap, and there is no money to drink today." )。 However, in this farewell poem, his cheerful attitude and heroic style make his farewell speech passionate and inspiring.
The first two sentences, "Thousands of miles away in Huang Yun, the white sky is shining, and the north wind is blowing goose feathers and snow one after another", describe the scene at that time in simple terms: the north wind roared, the yellow sand and Li Qian covered the sky, the clouds everywhere seemed to turn yellow, and the bright sunshine was indifferent at the moment, just like the afterglow of the sunset. It was snowing heavily, and the geese flew south neatly. In this bleak and magnificent environment, the poet bid farewell to the musician who was stunted but unappreciated.
The last two sentences, "Mochow has a vast road ahead, and everyone in the world doesn't know you", are comforting friends: you won't worry about meeting your bosom friends when you visit here. Everyone in the world doesn't know you, Dong! How loud and powerful the words are, full of confidence and strength in comfort, inspiring friends to struggle and struggle.
In the farewell poems of the Tang Dynasty, those sad and touching works are certainly touching, but another kind of generous and sad poem from the heart, with its sincere friendship and firm belief, painted another heroic and bodybuilding color for the willow color of Baqiao Bridge and the wind and rain of Weicheng City. Gao Shi's Don't Move Big is a masterpiece of the latter style.
As for Dongda University, all the annotations think that he may be a famous pianist in the Xuanzong period of the Tang Dynasty, and he is a "but how can fame and fortune be a genius?" Musician. When Gao Shi wrote this poem, it should be in the period of unsatisfied idleness. No.2 of his "Don't Move Big" said: "Six ao went wandering mercilessly, and one left Luo Jing for more than ten years. My husband's poverty should not be enough. I have no money to buy wine today. " It can be seen that he was still in a "poor" situation of "no money to drink". This farewell work when I was dissatisfied in the early days can't help but "borrow someone else's cup and pour my own foundation." But the poet hopes to give people a feeling of self-confidence and strength in comfort.
In the first two sentences, write the current scenery directly and draw it with pure lines. With its inner truth, write the mood of parting, so it can be profound; Only with a broad mind can we tell the scenery in front of us and be solemn and stirring. "Yi", that is, refers to the dim scenery at sunset.
Huang Yun in the sunset, the vast wilderness, only the northern winter has this kind of scene. This kind of situation, if carved a little, will inevitably hurt the spirit. Height suits this. It's dusk and it's snowing heavily. In the north wind blowing wildly, only geese and Leng Yun appeared in the distance, which made it hard to stop the feeling of cold and wandering. Being reduced to this level by talent makes people cry, and that's the only way. Friends can't be content with the status quo. The first two sentences, by telling the scenery, can see the inner stagnation. Although it has nothing to do with people, it has made people feel like they are in the snow, as if there are strong men whistling on the top of the mountain. If you don't do your best here, you can't see the wonderful turning point below, and you can't see the smoothness, good intentions, deep friendship and other meaning's sadness in the following words. The last two sentences are full of confidence and strength in comfort. Because he is a bosom friend, he speaks simply and generously. Because of its decline, it takes hope as comfort.
The reason why this poem is outstanding is that Gao Shi "has a thousand words in his heart, but also has a noble spirit" (Yin Kun's Heroes of He Yue) and "exalts himself with temperament" (Chronology of Tang Poetry), so it can add color to people with lofty ideals and wipe tears for wanderers! If it weren't for the poet's inner depression, how could he make his parting words so considerate and firm? How can we make this unpretentious language cast such beautiful, mellow and moving poems!
[Introduction to the author]
Gao Shi (700? -765), a poet in the Tang Dynasty. The word Duff, the word loyalty. Liu, a native of Cangxian County, Hebei Province, used to be an individual rider. There is the Historical Records of Gaochang.