1. Translation of Li Deyu's impeachment of monks in classical Chinese
Original text
Li Deyu was in the town of western Zhejiang in the Tang Dynasty. The chief monk of Ganlu Temple complained that the former governor had not paid a certain amount of money for the settlement of the permanent residence. He quoted several seniors as evidence and handed it over to each other. There are documents there. The new recipient has already served the crime of stealing and has not exhausted the use of it. Deyu suspected that it was not true, so the monk complained and said: "The people who live in the temple are happy to be magistrates. Over the years, they have handed over two documents in vain, but in fact there is no money. Everyone is isolated in a certain way and does not want to compete with others. They want to take advantage of this to squeeze in." Yude said sympathetically: "It's not difficult to know." Then he used the pockets to count the monks and ordered the monks to come in and sit in the pockets. The doors were facing the wall and they could not see each other. Each of them was mixed with yellow clay, and the mold was delivered to the next gold shape. The shape was different according to the evidence, so he was impeached for false accusations and pleaded guilty one by one.
Translation
When Li Deyu of the Tang Dynasty was guarding western Zhejiang, a temple owner of Ganlu Temple complained that when he handed over the permanent residence, a number of taels of gold were swallowed up by the former governor monk, and he was cited. Previous governors and monks testified. They were handed over one after another, and all had paperwork and accounting books. The newly-retired governor, Monk, has admitted to stealing the gold, but has not yet determined how to use it. Li Deyu suspected that he was not telling the truth, so the monk complained: "The monks living in the temple are happy to be governors. For many years, the two documents handed over have been empty. In fact, there was no gold for a long time. The monks were isolated because of me. He wanted to frame me by not getting close to them." Li Deyu said sympathetically: "This is not difficult to find out." He prepared several sedan chairs and ordered the relevant monks to come and confront him. Let them sit in a sedan chair, with the sedan doors facing the wall, and they are not allowed to see each other. Each was given some gold clay and asked to make out a golden shape to be handed over to the next governor as a certificate. As a result, the shapes of the gold they pinched out were all different, and their frame-up was revealed. All the monks confessed their sins one by one. 2. The beginning of which ancient article is "Li Deyu of the Tang Dynasty Zhenxi Zhejiang"
"Tang Yulin" Liu Yuxi said: "Han Shiba is too frivolous. He said to Li Erliu that Cheng said: 'A certain person and the prime minister Cui Daqun went back and forth in the same year, and he was really smart.
'Li said: 'Where is the extraordinary person? For more than ten years, I have not written more articles. This is because of my extraordinary agility. '" In the early days of Han Shiba's derogation, Xi Shiba's words were: "If you get admitted early, you will also have a reputation."
Since the banquet was old, a friend said, "How can I, my disciples without orders, be sick of the typhoid fever and eat it uncleanly?" Han said, "It is too late to eat the eighteenth banquet, which is unclean." The man asked. : "Why?" He said: "It's not the right thing to say."
The word "also has a reputation" to cover his anger. The above two cases came from Liu Yuxi. Liu Yuxi and Liu Zongyuan were both conceited. Han Yu had a good relationship with Liu Yuxi and Liu Zongyuan, but Han Yu repeatedly told Xianzong his differences with the Yongzhen Reform Group and opposed the Yongzhen Reform to please those in power② .
Liu Yuxi’s note in 216 of Liu Zongyuan’s “Ping Huai Xiya” is better than Han Yu’s “Ping Huai West Stele”. From these entries, we can see that Liu Yuxi had a smooth official career in his early years and was regarded by Wang Shuwen as a tool of the prime minister. , but the reform failed because it touched the interests of eunuchs and vassal towns. Liu Yuxi was exiled to a remote place for many years. Liu Yuxi was unconvinced that Han Yu had the opportunity to become a royal scribe, but in the end his official career, reputation, and political capital were better than his. Besides, Han Yu was famous for his arrogance. Xianzong was not angry with Han Yu because of Han Yu's advice to welcome the Buddha's bones. Instead, his words were too strong, "The more you become a minister, the more you dare to be arrogant (Old Book of Tang, p. 420)".
Liu Yuxi could naturally give a few examples and laugh at him kindly. These things mentioned by Liu Yuxi in "Tang Yulin" are not recorded in historical books and come from Liu Yuxi's mouth, which gives us a more specific understanding of Han Yu and Liu Yuxi. 3. Read the following classical Chinese passage and complete the small questions
Small question 1: Small question B 1: Small question D 1: Small question C 1: Small question B 1: A little bit Small question 1: Here "ceremony" "" should be a verb, which means "to treat each other with courtesy and courtesy".
Question 1: "Qi" in both places is a pronoun, his. The first "Yi" in item A is a preposition, because the second "Yi" is a preposition, with.
The first "Zhi" in item B is the pronoun, he, and the second "Zhi" is the particle. The subject and predicate cancel the independence of the sentence. The first "Nai" in item C is an adverb, and the second "Nai" is an adverb, which means affirmation.
Question 1: ①②⑤ are about the success of his official career. Small question 1: When Li Shangyin was appointed as a doctor of Taixue, Linghu Chu passed away.
Small question 1: (1) "Wei", "Zizhuang" and "Ling" (2) "Move to the left", "Abolition" and "Not soon" The sentences are fluent 1 point Reference translation: Li Shangyin, courtesy name Yishan, A native of Huaizhou and Hanoi. Great-grandfather Li Shuheng was admitted to the imperial examination at the age of nineteen, and finally became magistrate of Anyang County.
Grandfather Li Er finally became an official in Xingzhou and joined the army. Father Li Si.
Li Shangyin has been able to write articles since he was a child. Gu Chu was ordered to leave Heyang, and Li Shangyin dedicated his articles to him. He was not yet twenty years old at the time.
Ling Guchu respected him deeply because of his handsome youth and allowed him to socialize with students who were studying. Linghu Chu guarded Tianping and Bianzhou, and Li Shangyin followed him as an inspector. He was given food and clothing every year and asked to go to Shangdu with the evaluation officials.
In the second year of Kaicheng's reign, he was admitted as a Jinshi. He took off his civilian clothes and served as secretary and provincial school secretary, and was appointed as the lieutenant of Hongnong County. In the second year of Huichang, he again excelled in calligraphy.
Wang Maoyuan guarded Heyang and appointed him as secretary. Wang Maoyuan, the imperial censor, loved his talent and married his daughter to him. Although Wang Maoyuan was a Confucian scholar, he was originally a descendant of a military general. Li Deyu treated him very well. At that time, Li Deyu came to power and appointed him as the coach of Heyang.
Li Deyu, Li Zongmin, Yang Sifu, and Linghuchu had deep hatred for each other. Since Li Shangyin worked for Wang Maoyuan, Li Zongmin's party despised him.
At that time, Linghuchu was dead, and his son Linghuqiu was a member of the imperial family. Because Li Shangyin had betrayed his gratitude, he especially disliked him for his lack of character. Soon, Wang Maoyuan died, and Li Shangyin came to visit the capital, but the court did not arrange a position for a long time.
During the incident, Zheng Ya was appointed as the Integrity Inspector of Guizhou and hired him as an observer to inspect the water department. In the early years of Dazhong, Bai Minzhong took charge of the government, Ling Huqi was in charge, and the Communists ostracized Li Deyu and expelled him from the capital.
Zheng Ya was also demoted to the governor of Xunzhou because he belonged to Li Deyu's party. Li Shangyin stayed with Zheng Ya in Lingnan for many years.
In the third year after entering the dynasty, Lu Hongzheng, the Yin of Jingzhao, asked Li Shangyin to be the governor and asked him to take charge of writing money memorials. The next year, Linghu became the prime minister. Li Shangyin went to Qi several times to express his inner difficulties. Linghu He ignored it. Lu Hongzheng left the town of Xuzhou, and Li Shangyin followed him to serve as secretary-general.
Later, he resigned from the Xuzhou government and entered the imperial court. He paid homage to Linghu Qiu with his articles, so he became a doctor of Taixue. When Liu Zhongying, the governor of Henan Province, was guarding Dongshu, he was appointed as the judge of Jiedu and the doctor of the Ministry of Inspection and Industry.
In the last years of Dazhong, Liu Zhongying was demoted because he committed suicide without permission. Li Shangyin also dismissed him and returned to Zhengzhou. He died of illness not long after. Li Shangyin was good at writing ancient prose, but he didn't like to pay attention to confrontation.
When he was serving in Linghu Chu Muzhong, Linghu Chu was able to write memorials, so he passed on his writing experience to Li Shangyin. From then on, he began to write memorials in modern style with duality. Li Shangyin was erudite and had a strong memory, and he was always writing articles. He was especially good at writing eulogies and memorial speeches.
He was as famous as Wen Tingyun of Taiyuan and Duan Chengshi of Nanjun, and was named "Thirty-Six" at that time. Wen Tingyun surpassed him in his clear thinking.
However, they did not uphold moral integrity and relied on their talents to be weird and extreme. They were despised by people in the official career at that time, so they could not become famous officials and had a rough life. His younger brother Li Yisou also became a Jinshi and served as Binzuo.
Li Shangyin has forty volumes of Bianzhuangji.
4. Help translate the classical Chinese text, thank you. In Baoli, holy water came out of the clouds in Bozhou, and drinking it healed chronic diseases. Translation: During the Baoli period, some people said that holy water appeared in Bozhou, and as long as you drank the holy water, you would soon People from dozens of counties and counties from Luoyang to Jiangxi rushed to give money and clothes to the owner of the holy water in exchange for drinking the holy water. The owner made tens of millions of profits from this, and people spread the rumors by word of mouth, and the rumors became more and more powerful. Li Deyu was in western Zhejiang at the time. He ordered his men to gather the people in the market, place a big pot and get holy water, and asked people to bring five kilograms of pork. He went to boil it in holy water and said to the people: "If this is really holy water, then the pork will not change in any way." After a while, the pork was cooked through. From then on, the people calmed down and quickly spread the rumors to make money. The people's practices were also exposed... 5. Read the following classical Chinese article and complete the questions at the end of the article
9.B 10.B 11.D 12. (1) All the gold, silver, fabrics and other property obtained were originally the people’s fat and the people’s anointing, how could it be How about letting useless jesters and actors receive favors and rewards at will? (Rhetorical question tone of "jinzhu", "solid" and "blood") (2) The reason why the country was not well governed during the Southern and Northern Dynasties was that the beauty of (the scholars') literary talent exceeded their essence.
Scholars only need to use their talents, why do they have to look at the vocabulary of their articles? ("So", "Wen, Zhi", "Wei", "Wenci") Analysis 9. Analysis of test questions: This question tests the meaning of the content words in classical Chinese. The method of substitution into the original grammar, in-class review method, and idiom transfer method can be used.
You can substitute the meaning of the word into the text and judge whether it is right or wrong based on the context. Combined with the context, understand the meaning of content words, and pay attention to polysemy, ancient and modern idioms, false characters, and inflection of parts of speech.
Item B. If the word "disease" in "Sick Jinshi is exaggerated" is interpreted as "deplore", it will be inconsistent with the meaning of the whole sentence. From the following sentence "build and abolish its subjects", we can know that it should be interpreted as "sickness" "disgust". Test point: Understand the meaning and usage of common classical Chinese content words in the text.
The ability level is Understanding B. 10. Analysis of test questions: This question tests classical Chinese sentences.
First browse the paragraph where the sentence is located to grasp the overall meaning; then read the sentence that needs to be broken and look for signs of sentence break. "Today Tubo is on the side/waiting for China/false orders are urgent/I don't know where your majesty is/I can't defeat things", "false orders", "my ministers" and "no...hu" are important sentence breaks.
Test point: Understand sentence patterns and usage that are different from modern Chinese. The ability level is understanding B.
11. Analysis of the test question: This question is to summarize the content of the article. The method for this question is as follows: first browse the options, determine their position in the text, and then compare the options with the original sentences in the text to find problems.
Misunderstandings in this type of questions include: making things public, moving time and place, misinterpreting actual and functional words, etc. First of all, you must review the meaning of the question clearly, choose the incorrect one, and three of them are correct.
Correspond each option to the corresponding event in the article, delineate areas for the options, and compare carefully to see if there is any confusion about the work situation. "Zhishi" means retirement. He died after retirement, not while in office.
Test points: Summarize the key points of the content and summarize the central meaning. The ability level is analysis and synthesis C.
12. Analysis of test questions: First of all, you need to find keywords or sentence patterns for translation, usually literal translation. The most basic methods of translating classical Chinese are substitution, word combination, retention, and omission.
Words with different meanings in ancient and modern times should be "replaced"; words with roughly the same meaning in ancient and modern times should be "combined"; special place names, names of people, etc. should be "retained"; synonyms in ancient Chinese should be "retained" You can "save" one of the repeated words, and you can also "save" some function words that are unnecessary or difficult to translate properly. The first sentence, "jinzhu", gold and silver fabric; "solid", original; "anoint blood", people's fat and people's anointing.
The second sentence, "so", the reason for...; "wen, quality", literary talent, essence; "wei", as long as, "literary", the vocabulary of the article. Test point: Understand and translate the sentences in the text.
The ability level is Understanding B. 6. Translate an ancient passage from Zhang Juzheng's biography
The original text of Zhang Juzheng's "Discussing the Righteousness of Kings and Ministers with Wang Jijin" In the Tang and Yu Dynasties, there were nine officials and twelve pastors, teachers and teachers working together, each doing his best, how could it be He must be a man named Yu Ji, and his position will be hundreds of people, and then he will be content in his heart? I am sincerely happy with the circumstances of the times.
Now Yao and Shun are at the top, and they are all loyal and virtuous, and their servants are diligent in their journey, working diligently and diligently, using the wise men in the world to serve them. When a scholar is born today, he has no escape from his righteousness. It was enough at that time.
The Duke proudly leads far away, admiring the nest with admiration, and mocking Yu's agreement. He wants to cross the line that is almost inescapable, but backs up when it is difficult to get. This is an unparalleled example of stupidity. Although everyone has their own ambitions, how can they be stronger than each other? Liao Weidao is just like this, but it is a wise decision.
Translation: In the era of Tang Yao and Yu Shun, (the world) there were nine central officials and officials from twelve states. There were a lot of talents. (Everyone) worked for the country. How could everyone work for the country? They must all be called Dayu and Houji, and their positions must be prime ministers, so how can they feel happy? I am really happy to encounter such a beautiful era. Now that a sage like Yao and Shun reigns supreme and appoints loyal and virtuous people, I personally perform the duty of recommending virtuous people to the emperor. I work diligently day and night to appoint virtuous people from all over the world to serve the emperor.
A scholar lives in today's era, and there is nothing to escape morally. All he has to do is act according to the current situation. But you travel far away proudly, lamenting your admiration for hermits like Chao Fu and Xu You, and mocking talents like Xia Yu and Qi. You want to escape your unavoidable duty and turn your back on the hard-to-encounter beautiful times. This is foolishness. The unclear mind is not yet enlightened.
Even so, everyone has their own ambitions, so how can I force you? For the time being, I will tell you what I feel like this. I just hope that wise people can decide what is right and what is wrong. Note 1. Tang Yu: the joint name of Tang Yao and Yu Shun.
It also refers to the era of Yao and Shun, which the ancients thought was a peaceful and prosperous era. "The Analects of Confucius Taibo": "During the period of Tang and Yu, this was the most prosperous period."
"Historical Records·Biography of Jizheng": "Your Majesty has many desires internally but is benevolent and righteous externally, but he wants to imitate Tang and Yu. "Government!" Song Dynasty Liu Guo's poem "Qinyuan Chun·Shou": "In Pingzhang, people look like Yi Lu, and the world looks like Tang Yu." Guo Moruo's poem "Xingkong·Gu Zhujun's Second Son": "I seem to be in the Tang Dynasty." Before the Yu era. ”
2. Nine officials: the nine ministers appointed by Shun in ancient times. "Han Shu·Liu Xiang Zhuan": "I heard that Shun ordered nine officials to help each other and make peace."
Yan Shigu's note: ""Shang Shu": Yu became Sikong, abandoned Houji, and signed a contract Situ, Jiu Yao was a scholar, Chui Lao Gong, benefited me and Yu, Boyi Zhizong, Kui Dianle, Long Nayan, all nine officials. ""Shang Li Taiwei's Treatise on ***" by Du Mu of the Tang Dynasty: " Although nine officials served Shun, ten people assisted Zhou and were under the supervision of Taiwei, which is incomparable."
Later, it generally refers to the central officials of the Six Ministries of Jiuqing. "Book of Southern Qi·Ye Zhi": "Six canons are connected, and nine officials are arranged in order."
Song Ye Shi's "Ji Gang Yi": "Since the arrival of Yao and Shun, there are Yue Mu outside and nine officials inside. With systems and proclamations, "3. Twelve Mu: Legend has it that the chiefs of the twelve states during the reign of Shun."
"Book of Shun Dian": "There are two pastors in the tenth year of consultation. They say: Shi Zai is the only time, Rou is far and able, Dun De Yu Yuan, but it is difficult to accept others, and the barbarians lead them."
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Cai Chen's collected biography: "The Twelve Pastoralists are the pastoralists of the Twelve Prefectures." Ming and Tang Shunzhi's "Ting Examination Policy": "Although the philosophy is like Yao and Shun, but after three years of performance evaluation, Zhi Youming was deposed in the third test. The Nine Officials and the Sixteenth Prime Minister were initiated by Yue Mu, and the four Yue Mu and the Twelve Mu were responsible for the general leadership."
Qing Hou Fangyu's "Part Two": "In the old days of the Ming Dynasty, Yuan Dynasty. A wise person in Kai must be acquainted with the Nine Officials and the Twelve Shepherds." Later, it generally refers to the ancient local governors.
"The Narrative of Shengwu" written by Wei Yuan of the Qing Dynasty: "Looking at the Zhou, Han, Tang, Song, Jin, Yuan and Ming dynasties... People can see that its materials are spread out in nine columns and twelve rows. He is a pastor, but he doesn’t know that he is lying in the bush. "4. Teacher: There are many appearances.
Song Dynasty Su Shi's "Zhengdan Jiaofang Ci": "If you want to know the grand event of peace and prosperity, the teachers and teachers will fill the cloud platform." Zhang Binglin's "Su Zheng Zhi Zhi": "The teachers and teachers will be distributed among the nine officials. **. ”
5. Jiji: many appearances.
"Poetry·Daya·Hanlu": "Looking at the dry foothills, hazelnuts are everywhere."
Mao Zhuan: "There are many of them." Tang Lulun's poem "Presenting to the Dukes of the Old Province in the Morning of the Yuan Dynasty": "The talents are helping to spread the wealth, and hundreds of barbarians are dancing."
Zheng Guanying's "Weird Words in the Prosperous Age: Western Learning": "In a few years, there will be people who are not talented enough to help, and I don't believe it." Li Jieren's "***" No. Chapter 9 of Part Three: "The huge square is already crowded with people."
6. Bai Kuí (kuí): the official of the Prime Minister and state affairs. "Book Shun Dian": "It was accepted by Bai Kui, and Bai Kui was recounted at the time."
Cai Chen's Biography: "The Bai Kui are officials who serve the common people, only in Tang and Yu, and even in Zhou Dynasty." "Old Book of Tang Dynasty": "During the Tang and Yu Dynasties, there were hundreds of officials, and the government was peaceful."
"Kui Shuo" written by King Anshi of the Song Dynasty said: "There will be governance." In the world, there can be no relationship, so Yu was ordered to live in Baikui. "Ming Dynasty Zhang Juzheng's "Giving Bi Shi'an to the Chaoyi County" said: "In the past, Emperor Shun raised a man and took charge of Baikui.
When you are the emperor, you will have four doors, four eyes, and four intelligences. You will be good at asking questions, and you will be able to observe and understand things. "7. Satisfied: Happy and satisfied.
"Book of the Later Han Dynasty·Yang Biao Biography": "For this reason, Wei Yangqiu, the commander of the Sili School, punished Fu, and everyone in the world is satisfied." Tang Yuanjie's poem "The Scholar on the Tour of Yunquan Yunquan": "The feeling of contentment is "Being comfortable with others may be special."
Volume 1 of Kuang Zhouyi's "Hui Feng Ci Hua": "I am always satisfied with the composition, and it seems that I don't need to change it." 8. Appointment: Appointment. ,appointment.
"Historical Records·Xiao Xiangguo's Family": "This is the exclusive title for any matter in Guanzhong." Han Xunyue's "Han Ji·Gaozu Ji II": "King Xiang whined and screamed, and thousands of people were overwhelmed, but He cannot be a good general, but he is a brave man."
Song Suzhe's "On Zhang Jie's Inability to Use Zhazi": "I have repeatedly said that, but the imperial court's intention to belong to Ren Yiwen has not faded." Xu Qianxue of the Qing Dynasty. "The epitaph of Nalan Jun, the general secretary of the General Assembly": "This is enough to know that the person who was appointed to the post lasted for more than a day."
9. Servant: A humble word used to describe oneself, I. 10. Obey: perform in person.
"Kong Congzi·Jiayan": "(Zhongni) said he was the late king, and acted humbly." "Hanshu·Xuandi Ji": "Emperor Xiaowu acted benevolently and righteously."
"The Biography of Pei Xia in Northern History": "The hero lives a frugal life, loves his people like a son, and eats nothing but wild rice and salted vegetables." 11. Guanyu: "Yi Pei": "In the Sixth Five-Year Plan, Guanyu used There is no disadvantage in favoring someone from the palace. "
Wang Bi's note: "Guanyu refers to the yin, with parallel heads, similar to Guanyu." Gao Heng noted: "Guanyu means piercing.
Those who run fish are in sequence and cannot cross each other, which means that people have an arranged order... The line says: The ruler is like the order of running fish, and he uses the palace people to pamper him. Taking turns on the same day, the people in the palace will not be jealous of each other, and there will be no disadvantage in being jealous of each other. "Later because of this, people in the palace will not be partial to each other.
"Book of the Later Han Dynasty·Wenyuan Biography". 7. Classical Chinese Niu Zengru
Niu Sengru, whose courtesy name is Si'an, is a descendant of Gonghong, a servant of Sui Dynasty.
As a young orphan, I was given several hectares of farmland in Dufan Township, on which I made a living. Gong belongs to Wen, the first Jinshi.
In the early Yuan Dynasty, he was ranked first with Li Zongmin and Huangfu Zhuo with his virtuous and upright strategies. He pointed out that he was in power, and his words were sharp and critical, and he did not avoid the prime minister. The prime minister was angry, so Sengru transferred Yi Quewei to Henan, moved him to supervise the imperial censor, and took the imperial examination to be a worker's wailang and a direct bachelor of Jixian Palace.
At the beginning of Emperor Mu Zong's reign, the imperial edict was made with the knowledge of a doctor in the Treasury. He moved to Zhongcheng, the imperial censor, and governed according to law, and he was strict both internally and externally.
Li Zhichen, the governor of Suzhou, was ready to die and bribed eunuchs to help him. The emperor said: "The minister has talent, and I want to lend it to him."
The monks and children said: "Those who are not talented, hold on to their salary and get their appearance. The emperor makes laws, so he is bound. Talented people.
Lu Shan and Zhu Si are so talented that they cause chaos in the world." The emperor disagreed with his words and stopped.
He was given gold and purple clothes, and he was appointed as the Minister of Household Affairs and Zhongshu's subordinates. At the beginning, Han Hong entered the dynasty, and his son Gongwu bribed the powerful with money and Du Saiyan.
Erhong and Gongwu died, and Sun was weak and unable to do anything. The emperor sent envoys to his home to collect all the income books and check the incoming and outgoing accounts.
Therefore, all the courtiers and ministers were present, including monks and children, and he only noted on his left: "On a certain day, I gave tens of millions of dollars as a gift, but I didn't accept it."
The emperor was kind to him, and said to his left and right: "I am not wrong. Know people." So he looked at him.
Jing Zongli was promoted to the title of Duke of Qizhang. At this time, there was a sudden change in the political situation, and several monks and children were removed from the throne. The emperor established the Wuchang Army in Ezhou and granted Wuchang Jiedu Envoy and Tongping Zhangshi.
The city of Hubei was badly damaged and was in dire need of destruction. Every year more buildings were built, and coir grass was given to the people, which disturbed the officials. Monk Ru Tao Zong ① came from the city, and after five years, the people of Hubei had no annual expenses.
He also abolished Mianzhou to save redundant officials. Wenzong was established. At that time, Tubo requested a peace treaty and relaxed its troops, but the chieftain was aware of the plan to move Weizhou into Jiannan, so Li Deyu said: "Wei Gao marched through the Western Mountains, and he hated it until he died. Now he has given birth to the second Qiang." Thousands of people burn thirteen bridges, destroying the enemy's weakness, and they can achieve success."
The emperor envoys the king and his ministers to have a great discussion, please use Deyu's strategy. The monks and children could not stand it, saying: "Tubo is a land of thousands of miles, and the loss of one Weizhou will not harm its strength.
The messenger of Xiu Xiu has not yet arrived, but he suddenly contradicts his words. And in China, keeping one's word is the most important thing in military control. The enemy came next and asked, "Why did you break your promise?" Martial law, what's the use of gaining Baiweizhou?" The emperor agreed and ordered those who surrendered. At that time, it was said that the monks and children took advantage of their grievances and tried to resolve them through arrogant discussions. The emperor also thought that this was not upright.
In the first year of Huichang, the Han River overflowed and damaged the city. He was not careful and moved down to Prince Shaobao. Enter the junior division.
Next year, the Prince and Tutor will stay in the Eastern Capital. Liu Zhen was executed, but Shi Xiong's military officials had to follow the advice and make peace with Seng Ru and Li Zongmin.
Another Henan Shaoyin Lu said: "When the monks and children heard that Zhen was executed, they sighed with hatred." Emperor Wuzong was angry and deposed him as the prince Shaobao.
Xuanzong was established and he was still the prince's young master. He died and was given to Taiwei at the age of sixty-nine.
His posthumous title is Wenjian. Reference translation: Niu Sengru, whose name is Si'an, is a descendant of Niu Honghong, a servant of the Sui Dynasty.
His father died when he was young. He was given several hectares of farmland in Dufan Township and made a living on it. He is good at writing articles and passed the Jinshi examination.
In the early Yuan Dynasty, he took part in the examination for the subject of Xianliang and Founder, and ranked first together with Li Zongmin, Huangfu Zhuo and others. He accused the government of the government's faults one by one, and he did not shy away from his words, even the prime minister.
The prime minister was furious, and Niu Sengru was transferred to Yique Wei and then to Henan. He was later promoted to the supervisory censor, and was successively promoted to the positions of examiner wailang and direct bachelor of Jixian Palace. In the early years of Mu Zong's reign, he took charge of drafting imperial edicts as a doctor in the Treasury.
He was transferred to the post of Censor Zhongcheng to investigate and deal with illegal activities, and the court was purged both inside and outside. Li Zhichen, the governor of Suzhou, was sentenced to death for corruption and bribed eunuchs to intercede on his behalf.
When the compiled case files were presented, the emperor said: "Li Zhichen is talented. I want to forgive him and use him." Niu Sengru replied: "Those who have no talent just use their salaries to please It’s just others.
The emperor’s legislation is used to restrain those who are talented. An Lushan and Zhu Si planned to cause chaos in the world because of their extraordinary talents."
Mu Zong. Surprised by his words, he gave up. Give him gold and purple robes.
Niu Sengru was promoted from the position of Minister of Household Affairs to Ping Zhangshi under Tong Zhongshu. Previously, when Han Hong entered the court, his son Gongwu bribed powerful officials to block others from speaking.
Soon Han Hong and Han Gongwu died one after another, and the orphan grandson was too young to be in charge. The emperor sent envoys to his home to collect all the account books and calculate the discrepancies. The accounts used to record bribes to ministers in the palace and court are all there. Even under the names of monks and children, there is only one line of small characters that reads: "On a certain year, month and day, I gave tens of millions of dollars to the Minister of Finance of the Ministry of Revenue, but I will not accept it."
Mu Zong praised him and said to his ministers: "I didn't misjudge the person!" So he appointed him as prime minister. When Jingzong ascended the throne, Niu Sengru was granted the title of Duke of Qizhang County.
At that time, the eunuchs were in power, and Niu Sengru petitioned for foreign posts several times. Jingzong set up the Wuchang Army in Ezhou for him and granted him the posts of Wuchang Jiedushi and Tongping Zhangshi.
The Ezhou city wall had poor soil quality and often collapsed. It had to be rebuilt every year. The cost of the caper grass was levied on the people, and the officials took the opportunity to harass the people.
The monks and children asked people to make clay bricks to build the city, and it took five years to complete.
From then on, the people of Ezhou were no longer levied fees every year. He also abolished the establishment of Mianzhou to reduce redundant officials.
Wenzong ascended the throne. At this time, Tubo requested to sign a peace treaty to end the war. Soon after, the Tubo chief learned that Da Mou led Weizhou to request surrender to Jiannan. Li Deyu reported to the court, saying: "Wei Gao has been running Xishan for many years. He regretted that he could not regain the city until his death. Today, with the help of 2,000 Qiang people, he burned 13 bridges. Destroying the enemy's empty place (Weizhou) can make your wishes come true."
The emperor presided over the meeting between the emperor and his ministers, and the courtiers all believed that Li Deyu's strategy should be followed. But Seng Ru insisted on his opinion and disagreed, saying: "The territory of Tubo stretches for thousands of miles, and losing a Weizhou city will not hinder its strength.
Now that the messenger of reconciliation has not arrived, it is a violation of the oath. Moreover, the Central Plains region The defense of ethnic minorities has always been based on keeping one's word and responding to the enemy with force.
If the Tibetan envoys come and ask, "Why did you break your promise?" (Besides, the Tibetan king Zanpu is stationed at Weiruchuan. If we attack Longban eastward and lead the cavalry through Huizhong and arrive at Chengyang Bridge in less than three days, then the capital will be on alert. What will be the benefit of the Tang Dynasty even if it gets a hundred Weizhou!" The emperor thought he said! It was correct, so he issued an edict to let those who surrendered go back.
People at the time believed that Niu Sengru had old personal grievances, and his criticism undermined Li Deyu's strategy. The emperor also believed that his intentions were unfair. In the first year of Huichang, the Han River surged and destroyed the city walls. Niu Sengru was convicted of not being careful about flood control and was demoted to Prince Shaobao.
In the second year, he stayed in the Eastern Capital as the Crown Prince and Tutor. After Liu Zhen was executed, Shi Xiong's military officials received Liu Congjian (Uncle Liu Zhen) and his subordinates.