Hulusi
It is an ethnic musical instrument of the Dai people in Yunnan
Introduction to Hulusi music
Hulusi, also known as Hulusi Xiao. It is an ethnic musical instrument in Yunnan, mainly popular among Dai, Yi and other ethnic groups. This musical instrument uses half a small gourd as a speaker, and three bamboo tubes of different lengths are inserted side by side at the lower end of the gourd's bamboo tube, embedded with copper sheets. The longer bamboo tube in the middle has seven holes. When playing, blow the thin end of the gourd with your mouth and press the sound hole of the middle bamboo tube with your fingers. While playing the melody, the two left and right bamboo tubes simultaneously emit a fixed single tone, forming a harmony with the melody. Its music is soft and delicate, mellow and simple, and highly expressive. It is deeply loved by the people of Yunnan. Its beautiful sound can be heard in both folk music and professional stages. In recent years, it has also attracted much attention at home and abroad. The ensemble of some cucurbit instruments and modern electronic instruments can also reflect the perfect combination of the two instruments, presenting a warm and intoxicating new feeling of the combination of classical and modern.
Hulusi is mainly popular in the Dehong and Lincang areas of Yunnan where the Dai, Achang, Wa, Deang and Brown ethnic groups live together, and is rich in local color.
The gourd flute has a long history, and its origins can be traced back to the pre-Qin era. It was evolved from the gourd sheng. The structure still maintains the legacy of ancient musical instruments. The number of flute tubes is the same as that of the three-tube flute. The two auxiliary pipes do not have sound holes, which is exactly the same as the ancient flute. The continuous fifth intervals produced are just like the ancient flute. The "Yihe Zhongsheng" is lifelike. However, its main tube has seven sound holes, which is very similar to the flute of later generations, and shows its leap in history.
The Dai people are versatile and good at singing and dancing. During the festival, whether you are rowing a dragon boat in the river or launching "Gaosheng" (earth rockets made of bamboo tubes) by the river, "rushing" in the square or drinking and feasting in a bamboo house, you can listen to it. To the moving singing. The calabash flute is a very distinctive musical instrument with a unique shape and structure. It consists of a complete gourd, 3 bamboo tubes and a flat metal reed, with a total length of about 30 cm. A bamboo tube is inserted into the handle end of the gourd as the mouthpiece, and the entire gourd is used as an air box. Three bamboo tubes of different thicknesses are inserted into the bottom of the gourd. Each bamboo tube inserted into the gourd is inlaid with a copper or silver spring. piece. The bamboo tube in the middle is the thickest, with 7 sound holes (6 on the front and 1 on the back), which can blow out an octave of melody sounds from g to g', which is called the main tube. The auxiliary pipes on both sides only have reeds on them and no sound holes. They can only produce the same harmonic sound as the main pipe. Usually the thinner bamboo pipes sound a and the thinnest sound e'. When playing the gourd flute, hold the mouthpiece upward, hold it on one side of your mouth, and hold the flute body upright. Press the sound hole with your left and right fingers. With your right hand on top, press the back hole with your thumb. Press the three holes on the front with your index, middle and ring fingers. Use your left hand to press the sound hole. Press the remaining 3 holes, and the airflow will enter the 3 nozzles at the same time to produce sound. The volume is small, and the tone of the main pipe is soft and delicate. Set off by the continuous sound of the two auxiliary pipes, it gives people a subtle and hazy beauty. Because the vibrato it produces is as elegant and soft as shaking silk, it is also called "Hulusi".
A brief introduction to Hulusi
Hulusi and Bawu are reeds mainly popular among the Dai people, Achang, Deang and other ethnic minorities in Yunnan, my country. The timbre of this instrument is very beautiful. Due to limited conditions, the earliest reeds were made of bamboo. This not only affected the timbre of the instrument, but also greatly limited its volume, range and life, and limited its scope of use. Therefore, it is widely used in many countries. It cannot be appreciated by more people for a long time. Through the efforts of many producers over the years, this instrument has been greatly improved compared to the previous one, both in appearance and craftsmanship. , finally had the opportunity to show its unique artistic charm to the world. With its special tone and beautiful melody, it conquered the vast number of music lovers at home and abroad and became popular quickly.
Hulusi, also known as gourd Xiao, is called "筚langtao" in Dai language ("Hua" is the general name for wind instruments in Dai language. "Lang" means direct blowing, and "Tao" means gourd) , can be divided into three types: high, medium and bass. Commonly used keys are b, B, C, D and other keys.
Learning Hulusi for Beginners
When you have a great interest in Hulusi, when you get the new Hulusi in your hand, the most urgent thing is to blow it out. Because of this, due to your improper use of Qi, or even your inability to use Qi, Hulusi will make a strange "oh" sound, which will seriously affect your mood! This is because you have not mastered the use of breath well. Because the breath strength is not enough, the reed and the bamboo tube cannot produce coupling vibration, so the cucurbit flute cannot produce the sound it should. On the other hand, while increasing the strength, you must pay attention to the exhalation method, and do not exhale too hard. You must increase the force evenly and gradually. Once the correct sound is made, you must grasp the feeling of this moment in time, and then practice repeatedly. It should be noted that "exerting too much will cause the reed to deform, and in severe cases, it will not produce a sound. Only after mastering the correct breathing method can you play.
Hulusi is blown by super According to the pronunciation method, super blowing is an octave higher than the original gene on the cucurbit flute. This is mainly achieved by the player's breathing strength and lip muscle control, accelerated breathing speed, and abdominal muscle control. Beginners should also pay attention to the cooperation with the fingers. First of all, it is important to press the finger holes to prevent air leakage and the breath to be stable. When the fingers change, the breath application should not be affected most easily. The note that is played is "1", and the most difficult ones to play are the high notes "5, 6" and the low notes "5, 6". Therefore, when a beginner picks up the cucurbit flute to play, he should play the 1 note first, and then he can follow the fingering table and practice Practice the song repeatedly until you are proficient. In addition, beginners often have no idea about the posture of holding the flute, focusing on one thing and forgetting the other, or simply playing haphazardly. To play the cucurbit flute well, the first step is to have a good posture, so that all parts of the body can be used. It is more relaxed, which is conducive to the smoothness of the breath, and can achieve good results in future performances. The second is that there is air leakage in the pressing holes. If you develop a habit, it will have a great impact on the tone and intonation of the music played. Pay attention to overcoming it. Furthermore, you don’t pay attention to the practice of long sounds. To be sure, it takes more than ten seconds or even longer to play a long sound in one breath. It is not easy to make the sound beautiful and stable, and it is boring to practice for a long time, but you must ensure To be able to play a piece of music completely and smoothly in the future, it is very necessary to practice long tones. If you do not pay attention to the practice of long tones, even if you can play the music in the future, the tone will not be too beautiful, which will seriously affect the performance of the performance, so you must pay attention to it. Practice of long sounds.
The origin of Hulusi
There is a legend among the Dai people: a long time ago, a flash flood broke out, and a Dai boy picked up a big gourd. After going through the stormy waves and rescuing his sweetheart, his loyal love moved the beautiful music. Suddenly the sea was calm, the flowers were blooming, and the peacocks were in full bloom, wishing the couple good luck and happiness. p>
The Dai people are versatile and good at singing and dancing. During festivals, whether they are rowing dragon boats in the river, sailing by the river, racing in the square, or drinking and singing in bamboo buildings, they are all happy. You can hear moving singing. Zanha (folk singer) sings ancient legends and beautiful myths with the accompaniment of Hulusi, singing about the suffering of the old society and the happiness of the new society.
Beginners. Learning Corner
How to play:
Use the ring finger, middle finger, and index finger of the right hand to open and close the first, second, and third sound holes respectively with the belly of the first finger, and drag the thumb under the main tube. Use the ring finger, middle finger, and index finger of the left hand to open and close the fourth, fifth, and sixth sound holes respectively, and open and close the seventh sound hole located in front and below the main tube.
Take a deep breath. 3. Inhale as much air as possible. After inhaling, the breath sinks so that the airflow can be exhaled evenly and evenly under control. The breath should be steady and not strong or weak.
3. When playing, use the slow blowing method (the airflow decreases) when playing high notes, and use the rapid blowing method (increase the airflow) when playing low notes.