The Haiyang area on the Jiaodong Peninsula has been famous for its folk rice-planting songs. Haiyang Dayangge has formed a system of its own and is one of the four major schools of rice-planting songs in the north. The reason why it has such a prominent position is that it has a long history, and the second is that it has a strong lineup and a variety of styles. Haiyang large rice-planting songs have been emerging as early as in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, and then by local folk artists combined with folk myths and legends and martial arts, dance movements together, gradually evolved to form today's "rice-planting songs" pose, the first to fifteenth day of the first month of the year, rice-planting teams go to villages and lanes, to worship the townships of the new, "pulling a big field," "posing for the occasion" and twisting a wind and fire, while the village has a reputation for the people, but also "point rice-planting songs" (i.e., point of the program!). ). In addition to twisting and swinging various dance postures, Haiyang Yangge can also be sung and danced, with the singing of the team and the singing of the costumed ones, which is very lively. Therefore, "point rice-planting songs" people can not only point dance positions, but also point singing. In the past years, when entering the village, the three-eyed gun sounded three times to show the gift of information, the village will lead the villagers to welcome the music. Yangge team "music doctor" is commanding the band, the actors from slow to fast, enthusiastic dance, line "three out of three" salute, each tend to step forward, hands clasped umbrella, bowing salute, and then into the village, "pull the field" to go line, by "point song" "point line" after the "music doctor" after the thank you speech, led by the team line "two dragons Tusu", "three out of three" salute to say goodbye to the village, and then to the performance of other places. Haiyang body song team has a strong lineup, a variety of combinations, by the "deacon, band, dance team" composed of three parts. Among them, there are "three-eyed gun", "colorful flag", "Le Daifu", "flower drum", "village old man", "housewife", "fisherman", "woodcutter", "male friend", "girl", "cargo boy", "Cuihua", "hoop leakage maker", "Wang Da Niang", "ugly woman", "handsome boy", "king's whip", etc. And each of them has its own way of performing. And, each has its own way of acting, each has its own lyrics, which makes people scream with joy. The people summarized its six characteristics: First, the dance team is huge, singing and dancing single tease. Secondly, the structure is strict and the ritual is profound. Third, the dance is pure dance, singing is amusing. Fourthly, it is improvised dance, diverse and unified. Fifth, the walking formation is changeable and skillfully arranged. Sixth, the drum music is pure and the speed is moderate. According to these characteristics, Haiyang Yangge has formed a folk dance art with extremely rich form and content. It is the essence of China's folk art, but also the people over the New Year a sumptuous "big dish". Haiyang rice-planting song in this hot land in Jiaodong, red-hot, flourishing. (Photo - text / Liu Zhigang) Related knowledge: Haiyang rice-planting song Haiyang rice-planting song history, according to available information can be traced back to the early Ming Dynasty. Fengcheng construction village Zhao Bingshu family collection "Zhao genealogy book" records: "the second ancestor Zhao (Tong) hereditary (big Songwei) command town dance enjoined Wuliao general. Ming Hongxi one year, happy to meet the five generations of the same hall, on the grant 'seven leaves line Cheung' amount, hanging plaque Gudan, the commanders and red gentry with the visit to give congratulations, music and dance students Wenshao rate of its creation of the practice of the rice-planting songs, dance and sing in the court, its joyful and happy". Hongxi year for the year 1425 AD, it can be seen at that time there have been rice-planting activities in today's Haiyang Fengcheng. According to the above, Haiyang rice-planting song is originated from Han, created in the Ming Dynasty, the rise of Dasongwei City (now Fengcheng). Haiyang rice-planting songs flourished roughly in the middle of the Qing Dynasty, that is, the Yongzheng thirteen years cut Dasongwei set up after Haiyang County. Haiyang old county Fengcheng, by the mountains and the water, the sea is convenient, was the center of the economy and culture of Haiyang, which is bound to promote the development of folk art. There is a local folk song: "The countryside rice-planting song enters the city, first worships Niangniang and then plays with the scenery; on the 15th day of the first month, it doesn't enter the city, and then the day comes to whisk it out of the city." It shows that rice-planting songs had become an indispensable activity to celebrate festivals at that time, and Fengcheng was the activity center of rice-planting songs in the four townships. Haiyang rice-planting songs to gradually develop, maturing, one of the important factors is that it can constantly absorb the essence of various foreign arts, such as the thirty-fifth year of the Qianlong Haiyang willow tree Zhuang Chen Yingbi written rice-planting song opera "Chen Laoxi persuade children to run to Sichuan," as described in the preamble: "Yu with the Hu Gong Tingzhang for Qiongzhou, very much love the beauty of the song of Shu, imitation of the do 'run to Sichuan! Running Sichuan'. Teach rice-planting song class singing". It can be seen that as early as two hundred years ago, Haiyang Yangge music singing has been borrowed from the Shu song. In addition, Haiyang Yangge "Le Daifu" is commonly divided into "Mantis Gate" and "Bagua Gate", which means that the basic movement of his dance draws on different boxing routines to form their own styles. Haiyang Yangge in the long-term development, gradually formed two different schools of style. That is, "Big Frame Yangge" and "Small Frame Yangge". The "Big Frame Yangge" represents the basic style characteristics of Haiyang Yangge, which is mainly circulated in the eastern and southern areas of Haiyang, with Yan Mingyu and Wang Fa as the outstanding representatives. The "Small Frame Yangge" has been passed down in the northwestern part of Haiyang, and is accompanied by percussion and other instruments such as suona, sheng and flute. There are not many dance movements, and the dance is mainly performed in a running style, which is commonly known as "running rice-planting song". The dance steps are mainly "three steps and one interval", i.e. walking three steps and stepping one step, and when the rice-planting team walks along the street, it mainly crosses each other with two vertical queues and walks "three steps and one interval" all the way through. The structure of Haiyang Yangge is very strict, and the team is mainly composed of three parts, and the one at the forefront when traveling is the deacon's part, which is composed of a three-eyed cannon, colorful flags, incense plates (held by the head of the association or the deputy head of the association), and a big gong. Next is the band, which consists of drums, gongs, cymbals, small cymbals and gongs. This is followed by the dance team, which is generally composed of dozens of people dressed in various roles, and is divided into the conductor - Le Daifu; group performers - Huadu and Xiaoman; double performers - Cargo Lang and Cuihua; hoop maker and Wang Danniang; and the two performers - Cargo Lang and Wang Danniang. The two-person performers are: Cargo Man and Cuihua, Hoop and Leak Maker and Wang Da Niang, Ugly Woman and Foolish Boy, Old Man and Wife, Eunuch and Daughter-in-Law, etc.; and Yangge Opera and Opera Miscellaneous Players. Le doctor is the conductor of the dance team, the left hand holding an umbrella, the right hand holding a flutter, about its identity, folklore is different, some say it is a watchman, the reverse jacket is to protect against the cold, holding an umbrella to pray for wind and rain; there are also said to be a passer-by doctor, holding a horse flinging is in order to eliminate the disease to the evil. Flower Drums are generally composed of sixteen to twenty-four young men, dressed as Wusheng, at the front of the queue, for the rice-planting team to open the way and play the field, one-handed drumming, the left hand, although holding the drumstick, but do not hit the drums, but only with the rhythm of the corresponding movements. The little woman Man, dressed as a country girl, originally performed in pairs with the flower drums, and then gradually separated from the flower drums and performed independently. Cargo Man and Cuihua. The performance shows the life of a small businessman who travels around the countryside and a village girl who buys small commodities. The Hoop Maker and Wang Daniang. According to folklore, Wang Daniang is the daughter of the Jade Emperor's drought demon, who came down to the earth privately and became a village woman, Wang Daniang. The hoop funnel maker is the change of the land god of the South Heavenly Gate, who was ordered by the Jade Emperor to go to the mortal world to catch Wang Daniang and return her to heaven. The artistes chose the episode where the two meet and tease and maneuver around each other, and choreographed it into a two-person dance, which can be performed both on the street and on the stage. The Ugly Woman and the Silly Boy. The ugly woman is an old woman in the countryside, and the silly boy is a naughty child. The two are not limited in the rice-planting team and can run around at will, teasing and laughing to please the audience. The music of Haiyang Yangge consists of two parts: gongs and drums and songs, with gongs and drums as the main accompaniment. The percussion consists of drums, gongs, cymbals, cymbals and gongs. The two main types of gongs and drums are slow and fast, but the speed is not the same, and the rhythm is basically the same, with three drums and one gong (one board and three eyes). The songs are mostly folk tunes, and when they are sung, there are percussion insertions in the middle, and their representative pieces are "Dafu Tune" and "Running Sichuan", etc., which can be accompanied by flutes, shengs, erhu and other instruments according to the actual situation. With the development of society, the form and content of Haiyang Yangge are constantly changing, however, its status in the people's mind has never changed, people have always watched and performed Yangge as a great joy in their lives. During the first month, whenever the rice-planting gongs and drums sound, men, women and children will flock to watch, walls, roofs, trees ...... everywhere crowded with people, "no rice-planting is not called the year", has become a mantra of the masses. People's favorite for the continuation of Haiyang rice-planting song has laid a solid foundation, Haiyang rice-planting song is also enduring, inheritance and development. Over the past decades, Haiyang Yangge has been emphasized and supported by leaders at all levels and experts and scholars, and has been greatly developed and improved on the basis of inheritance, and given new vitality. 1983, the Department of Dance of the Beijing Dance Academy formally listed Haiyang Yangge as a mandatory textbook of Chinese folk dance, and it has been mounted on the platforms of institutions of higher learning. In recent years, Haiyang rice-planting songs have been further inherited, developed, reformed and prospered under the efforts of art experts, scholars, cultural workers and old folk artists, and have achieved excellent results in a series of competitions; in 1994, it was invited to participate in the Fourth Shenyang International Folk (Rice-planting Song) Dance Festival of China, and was recognized for its strong local characteristics, high quality of its performance. Its rich local characteristics, simple and bold style and exquisite skills, dozens of strong teams at home and abroad stood out in the fierce competition, won the competition's highest award - the Golden Rose Award. In December of the same year, it won the silver medal of the national "Group Star Award", and in December, it was transferred to perform at the opening ceremony of the Fifth Culture and Art Festival of Shandong Province, and was received by Zhao Zhihao, Li Chunting and other leaders of the five provincial teams and praised. in December 1996, it won the gold medal in the dance competition of the First Farmers' Festival of Shandong Province, and it participated in the Spring Festival of Shandong Province for two consecutive years, in which it was awarded the Golden Rose Award. For two consecutive years, it took part in the shooting performance of the Spring Festival Gala of Shandong Province. In 1997, Haiyang City was named "Hometown of Chinese Folk Art" by the Ministry of Culture of the People's Republic of China.
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