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9kY.d-f2k After examination, the Thai culture, although y influenced by the culture of China and India, and the Thai people and the Chinese people have an inextricable blood relationship. But for hundreds of years, the Thai people in the area of the Central and Southern Peninsula, living and reproducing. In their long struggle against foreign invasion, they gradually formed their own unique boxing. Therefore, we can say that Muay Thai is the Thai nation in the long-term resistance to foreign aggression in the historical context of war.(\%\}*B%u&^a The Thai people originally lived in the southwest of China, known as the "Southern Barbarians". According to records, in 649 AD, the ancestors of the Thai people were still living in China's Yunnan Province, which was called "Six Zhao" in Tang history. After the unification of the six edicts, Meng Xi Nu Luo made himself king and established the state of Nanzhao, which was later renamed as "Dali". Afterwards, it was dominated by the land and became more and more powerful. According to the new tangshu "south barbarians" records, at that time the south edict political organization has been quite sound, its culture, art achievements can even be comparable with the central plains. In the military system of martial arts, there is "after the field of mulberry, will learn to fight" said, it can be seen, the ancient Nanzhao has been the existence of martial arts activities.
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In the Song Dynasty, Nanzhao became a vassal of China. By the Yuan Dynasty, China was becoming more powerful, and Dali was destroyed by Yuan forces and became an administrative region of China. The Thai people then moved southward to the northern border of present-day Thailand, and gradually down the Mekong River, to 1275 AD, converging into a strong nation, the capital of Sukhothai, the establishment of the Kingdom of Siam.
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%u "v cW4Y[ |0I/w$@o After the founding of the Thai nation, wars were fought year after year, and they were frequently disturbed by their powerful neighbors, so the successive emperors revered the use of force to consolidate their dynastic rule and to deal with the frequent internal and external disputes. Most of the ancient Siamese kings were present on the battlefield to lead their troops, and many of them were masters of Muay Thai. Soldiers used swords, spears, swords and vectors on the battlefield at a distance, and fists, elbows, knees and feet as offensive weapons in close combat. The earliest record of the Thai people practicing boxing can be found in the Northern Chronicle, which is an early account of the Thai people into the Central and Southern Peninsula, from the Sukhothai Dynasty to the Ayutthaya Dynasty.
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U^5aHuBe It is reported that there were already fist fights in the military as a pastime for the kings during the truce. Although boxing did not become a professional competition, but the lords already have a samurai warrior fighting, in order to please the king's culture. As the palace fighters and retired soldiers returned to their hometowns, boxing skills were gradually introduced to the people. According to historical records, the law enacted at the beginning of the Ayutthaya Dynasty exempted those who killed or injured their opponents in a fight from punishment. At the height of the Ayutthaya Dynasty (1350 A.D.), boxing became more and more popular and spread throughout the country. Thai people gradually realized that the new art can defend the country and the state, so the practice of martial arts is very strong, not only the adult good martial arts, and Thai children can also swing kicks, practice boxing. Boxing has developed into a fashionable folk entertainment. 1Rs "j3kS
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In 1411 AD, the King of Chiang Mai died, the two princes for the throne held, and finally decided to send a representative of the martial arts division for the competition, the provisions of the fight to the side of the blood until. After a few hours of intense fighting, the result of the southern martial arts division due to bleeding foot injuries and change, the northern martial arts division to win. This is the first record of a boxing match in Thai history. ,f[5{pk)z }
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In 1518, the King of Siam reformed the military system and ordered an oracle to produce a book on the art of making victories, which covered weaponry, martial arts, and armament. In Thailand, Muay Thai is thriving, not only as a national sport, a cultural treasure trove, but also as a shortcut out of poverty for a few young men. Muay Thai is a martial art that evolved from the empty-hand fighting techniques of the Siamese warriors of the 16th century. At the urging of Chetta Thanacharao, Commander of the Thai Armed Forces and President of the Thai Olympic Committee, Thailand's first national Muay Thai school was established in the northern suburbs of Bangkok under the Ministry of Education to commemorate the pivotal role that Muay Thai has played in Thai culture.
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In the era of Prana Risuan (1555-1606 AD), boxing was included in the military training program. The "Black Prince", as he was called, was a valiant and skilled martial artist who led the Thai people to liberate Burmese-occupied Siam and restore Ayutthaya to its throne. After years of war, Patna Lixuan knew that in order to settle the country, there must be a brave and good at fighting, martial arts skills of the army, it will be included in the military training in boxing, called "Penan". 4?xwoIF$\F
f(U0W O C&a "Penan" for Siamese earth boxing, vicious, including headbutt, mouth bite, punch, kick, kick, kick, sweeping trips, elbow strikes, knee, shoulder, arm. Push and pull, grab and pinch, pressure and wrestling and so on. Any part of the body, available for use, is a boxing for actual combat. Ancient Thai soldiers practiced boxing, all strong and brave.
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"Tiger King" beat Buddha Zhao era (1662 to 1708), is the heyday of Muay Thai development. The whole country was devoted to boxing. In the form of fighting, initially the boxer to strip of horse leather wrapped bundled fists, fighting. Later changed to use hemp rope wrapped fist, that is, the so-called "wrapped hemp" type of boxing. Later on, there are also wrapped with tampons. Cotton surface can be mixed with stone quiet viscous pure soaking, so that the phase surface is more rough and hard, greatly increasing the lethality. Boxer in the fight, often beaten to the skin and flesh, blood flow all over the face, the shape of its tragic to see. Boxing half of the activities at that time, in 1687 the French emperor sent a special envoy, Simon Lubier book written by the Kingdom of Siam is described in the book: "Ayutthaya Dynasty program event, the program is colorful, there are jousting with the elbow and leg of the Warrior fight performance. During the fights, they used three or four turns of hemp rope to protect the palms of their hands, instead of the copper rings used in the fights of the same style in Laos (Khmer)." The hemp-wrapped fist fight is shown in Figure 1. According to historical records, the "Tiger King" himself loved martial arts, and personally organized and summarized the increasingly complex boxing techniques, forming the basic system of Muay Thai. Some of today's Muay Thai techniques still follow the fighting system summarized by the "Tiger King". As the king of a country, "Tiger King" is often dressed up, to participate in the identity of civilians in the ring in the Buddha event. With the mainland fighters against, actually won two consecutive battles, won the grand prize after quietly leaving, this move has become a good story in the history of Muay Thai.
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According to Burmese historical records, at the end of the Ayutthaya Dynasty, Naik Nong Dung, a famous Muay Thai master, was captured by Burmese troops when they attacked Ayutthaya and was imprisoned in Burma. In 1774, the Burmese King Mangla held a celebration for the topping of the Great Pagoda in the capital city of Rangoon, and a match between Thai and Burmese boxers was arranged during the event. Naikh Nongdon was forced to fight with the Burmese warriors in front of the royal court, and even defeated nine Burmese masters in a row, which made the Burmese king feel y: "Thai boxers have extraordinary martial arts skills, and with the courage of a man, they even defeated nine to ten people who dared to fight with them, and if it were not for the mediocrity and weakness of the king, they would have been able to avoid the pain of losing their country." There is no record in Thai history of Naikh Nongtong's exploits in Burma, but the history of neighboring Burma contains a detailed account of the incident, so there is no doubt that it is true. Naik Nong Don's deeds have written a glorious page in the history of Muay Thai. All the fighters in Muay Thai gyms have been worshipping Nai Khanh Nong Dung as their Patriarch. In the 1950s, at the suggestion of Lieutenant General Pichai Junrakwaan, the day of Naikh Nongdon's victory in Burma (March 16) was designated as the Thai Boxer's Day in honor of this great national hero. This is a later story.
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To the Chinese hero Zheng Zhao led a number of warships, along the Chao Phraya River, killed the defeat of the Burmese army, the restoration of Thailand, the establishment of the Thonburi dynasty, the Thai pain of the loss of the country is still fresh in our memories, and y feel the role of boxing is huge, the practice of more prevalent martial arts. Martial arts strong person was worshiped by the generals and feudal lords, there are many people. Such as Ta Cheng boxing teacher Nai Hao and the Royal Palace boxer Nai Mo and so on, that is, for the time of the famous figures.'' hb1n?` b_
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It is reported that the young boxer Nai Thongri, nicknamed "White Teeth" of the Cheng Yifu, was a keen lover of martial arts since his childhood, and went around to visit the famous masters to learn the art after he became an adult and challenged the various highs, and was known as a martial arts wizard. In 1762 A.D., Nai Thong Li went to the old city of Tha Fu Xuan Mangma State for boxing competition, the first frustrated Tha City master Nai Hao, Zheng Huang's appreciation, and then ordered its and forbidden boxing Nai Mok than the martial arts, and won, was awarded by the Zheng Emperor, "Luang Phi Chai". Nai Thongri life to follow Zheng Huang east to west, the charge, blood bath, battle to the sword breaks the horse, but also to kill the enemy, and returned in triumph. For Thailand to recover the lost, fight for independence, made a great achievement, the name will remain in history. In today's Cheng Yi Office Square, still a few bronze statues, known by historians as the "broken sword general". QS(`.e*v!WO
Aqq&O/X^ q1]&Uqg By the Bangkok dynasty (1782), Western European countries and Siam increasing interactions. 1788, there was a French jousting technician to Thailand and the Thai new division of the martial arts, was arranged by the Royal Household and the forbidden army boxer Wan Pailan battle. Rama I, Buddha Yohua personally came to watch. Gambling amounted to 50 scales, a sensation. /eM!hA"~%AB
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There are many supporting historical materials to prove that Muaythai activities were very popular in Bangkok during the royal dynasty. 1860, the British emperor sent Sir John Bowen, the special history of Siam, Bowen's memoirs in the book "Siam Country", described the popular entertainment in Siam at that time include boat races, acrobatics, illusions, and often have a boxing match. boxing matches. In the same period, the Englishwoman Masters at the Court of Siam, written by the Englishwoman Mrs. Anna Lean Lewyens, also describes Thai jousting at that time. In the book, it is written that "the Siamese are warlike ...... The way of wrestling is crude and monotonous, and force is the mainstay, rather than skill and style. In boxing, the Siamese used to use leather strips to bind their hands as a set, occasionally mixed with copper wire, and used leather rings to hoop the head. The fighters focus on the head of the enemy, and their resistance is extremely strong. Those who lose their strength, capsize, or surrender with their hands hanging down are considered defeated."
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R*Du%y$p,s{ Rama V Emperor Chulalongkorn, since childhood, the famous teacher to point out the martial arts, especially fine boxing stick, known throughout the country. Once in the royal family celebrations in his father's royal performances. After ascending to the throne, the interest in martial arts has not diminished. In 1898 A.D., the establishment of the "royal court boxer" system. Highly skilled as the head, when there is the Imperial Household celebrations state banquet or solid soul ceremony, shaving ceremony, Tabi Ceremony and other major events, led by various groups of martial artists to offer skills performances, the members of the boxing group can be paid an annual salary and exempted from paying taxes. xx7o|Kd-J:u!Y BzM
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The following year, the Royal Family held the royal ceremony of the Ancestors, which boxing for the North and South masters of confrontation. The winner was awarded the royal title of "Wan" by the Fifth Emperor (the ancient Siamese rank of general). There are three people who have been awarded this honor, Nai Bang Cham Nong Thong, a boxer from Chaiyaphum in Southern Thailand, who is titled "Famous Martial Arts General"; Hua Phu Ly Nai Kung in Central Thailand, who is titled "Quasi-Punching General"; and Nai Suong Thaiba Sok, a master of Korat in Northeastern Thailand, who is titled "Wonderful Skills General". "." M:F0xn{xVc,]
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During this period of time, the martial arts style is prevalent in the place, the northeastern part of Korat, the southern part of Chaiyai. They all enjoy the reputation of "boxing city". Into the beginning of this century, the center of Muay Thai activities, still to the above two "boxing city" is the most prestigious. bNc;^+P4Y
l Q(^r#si In 1917 A.D., the Siamese Volunteer Army traveled to Europe to take part in the Allied war against Germany. When stationed at Fort Maine on the French border, they did a performance of Siamese boxing, which was well received by the French sports press. The French commented that although the Thai soldiers were small, they were extremely athletic and agile, and their mastery of martial arts was so powerful and rare that it was beyond the imagination of Westerners. Its intense place, fully express the Thai people's tough and strong character.
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By 1920, King Mongkol IX (Rama VI) for the "Wild Tiger Corps" fund-raising, specially appointed Wild Tiger Army Commander Pat Yannan Tie Sheng for the Director of Boxing, in the "Rose Garden Academy", the first of its kind in the world. "Rose Garden Academy" square held an unprecedented boxing match. Famous boxers from all over the country responded to the invitation to participate in the tournament, such as Naikun Chamlao, Naiyang Lim Tha Ri, Nai Pen Sera, Nai Tong Ganha, Nai Pong Indah Inthan, Inkong Injia, Nai Gai Sukkar, Naixiao Hapi, Naiyai Bajan and other masters were invited to participate in the tournament, among which the boxers originating from Korat are the most outstanding, Korat is located in the northeastern part of Thailand, and the people's culture is tough. Ko Rak is located in the northeastern part of Thailand and has the toughest culture in the country. It is known as the "Boxing City". p8p E2RO&FD c
U9?.Pa~ The boxing match, so that the Royal City boxing world by a small impact, many of the capital's celebrities initiated a fight against the foreign boxers of the same tide, a great deal of time. Among the many masters, there are masters of Western boxing, wrestling, naval instructor Luang Pibor - Pong Lajai, the famous national Chinese master Quan Cheng, the originator of Western boxing in Thailand, Prince Mong Chau Wee Boon - Sak Viet Ri Wang, Rose Garden martial arts teacher Luang Wee San - Ru Na Kung, the Fifth Emperor's masters of the age of Pat Chai touch urging the Chana, the "master of the knife and light," Khun Yee Sasan Pai Yaikan, the knife and stick! Monk Pat Chay Weng - garrison pat Chung Mu masters, etc., are the outstanding masters of Muay Thai at that time. +B7v^#HO9G!B ~8K
a'I9]D,zG!dO With the introduction of Western culture, Thai traditional culture was also affected. Western boxing was introduced to Thailand in 1912, and its forms and techniques of competition were gradually adopted and applied by Muay Thai. Especially in the early days of the Kok Joo ring (1928), after the "King of the Northern Thai Legs" Nai Peng kicked a Khmer boxer to death, for safety reasons, "wearing a condom" style of Muaythai began to be used, gradually replacing the traditional "wrapped in hemp" style of boxing, and the match was gradually replaced by the "wrapped in hemp" style of boxing, with the traditional Thai boxing style of the match. "Style boxing, the rounds of the game has also been reduced to five rounds.
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On April 1, 1937, the Sports Department of the Department of Education of the Thai government promulgated the rules of Muay Thai competition for the first time. Thus, the system and form of national ring competitions were finally perfected and unified. R+u&x\9Yvg
2|,x a*_ h3p Xp After the outbreak of the Second World War, Thailand was affected by the war, and the Muaythai competition was once in a slump, and for several years there were only occasional boxing matches in the interior of the Buddhist temples when the event was held. After the end of the war, the famous "Rattalong Stadium" was completed, and Muay Thai entered the modern standard competition. Boxers from all over the world have to go to Beijing, in order to honor the wealth to show off their skills, so that once cold boxing, unprecedented activity. 1946 to 1951, known as the "Ratchaburi" period, is called the golden age of modern Muaythai development. Later, the "Lumphini Stadium" was built in 1956, which further promoted the development of Muay Thai and opened up a new situation for Muay Thai. `-T "pUxe!_. C8s6D "hN1_e&H%b/U
The establishment of the two modern stadiums has provided a place for many Muaythai fighters to show their skills, and at the same time, strengthened exchanges between fighters and promoted the further improvement of Muaythai techniques, so that Muaythai has been developed vigorously.
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Muay Thai has evolved from a traditional folk martial art into a modern professional boxing tournament after more than sixty years, through the "Rose Garden", "National Pillar Temple", "Chai factory", "is the paradise", "Xuan Zhaocai" to the modern "Ratchaburi" various boxing era, Muay Thai has evolved into the Thai nation. Thai boxing has evolved into the national skill of the Thai nation and is a symbol of the valor of the Thai nation. Thai boxers have repeatedly competed with foreign boxers, winning many battles and becoming famous in the international martial arts world. This is purely due to the Thai boxers have been through the actual combat honed, and successive emperors and recent rulers vigorously implement the results. Twenty years ago, the Thai Emperor Poumei Pong driving to Lun Phi Ni boxing field due to the reluctance of the words, fully demonstrated this fine tradition, the words said: "Thai boxers are resolute and resolute warriors, Thai boxing, is conducive to the country, is conducive to the people, but also conducive to the body, wing of my people to do everything possible to ****介, so that the national tradition of skills, grams of development and development of the great.
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t/De!eM3n Today's Thai martial arts, has been gradually divided into two forms, one is a dance performance of martial arts, including sword to sword, stick to stick, double knife to double knife, double knife to double stick, double stick to double stick, long stick to short stick, double knife to shield knife, double crutches to the baguettes (Figure 2) and so on. Another kind of performance or competition is pure confrontation. During the performances, they can be real or fake to perform brutal fights, similar to professional wrestling. In recent years to cater to the tastes of Western tourists seeking excitement, as well as the influence of gamblers, gradually absorbed karate, judo, wrestling, Western boxing and other techniques. :F[mh*G
O6Ux4] xSZ!ua L Muay Thai has not only spread and become popular in Southeast Asian countries such as Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, and Myanmar, but was also brought to Europe more than a hundred years ago by French seafarers. 1830 was introduced to France, and then evolved into a kind of "kicking art". 1964, Muay Thai was introduced by Japanese boxing agent Noguchi. In 1964, Muay Thai was introduced to Japan by a Japanese boxing agent, Shu Noguchi, and was renamed "Kickboxing", which became very popular. With the international development in the eighties, Muay Thai has become more and more popular all over the world. Its unique combat value is becoming more and more important to people
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