Zhao Si is romantic, and butterflies are the best.
Gentle township is the tomb of heroes, no wonder Dongshi entered Shenyang.
In order to satirize Zhang Xueliang's indulgence and humiliation in Beiping, Ma wrote three famous women at that time into this limerick. "Zhao Si" is Zhang Xueliang's wife Zhao Yidi, "Butterfly" is a popular Shanghai movie star Hu Die, and Zhu Wu was Zhu Meijun, the fifth wife of Zhujiajian Island family, one of the three big families in Beiping City at that time.
Because once this limerick was published, it was widely circulated in the north and south of the Yangtze River. For a time, Zhang Xueliang became the target of public criticism, and these three famous players also became the "femme fatale" that brought disaster to the country and the people to varying degrees.
Actually this is not the truth of history.
According to the conclusion of Hong Kong historian Ding Xinbao's textual research, on the night of the September 18th Incident, Zhang Xueliang was having dinner and watching a play with his friends. When he received a phone call from the Japanese army that raided Shenyang, he immediately left and rushed back to the Union Medical College Hospital (Zhang Xueliang was recuperating at the Union Medical College Hospital at that time). That is to say, he didn't mix with the "femme fatale" at all that night, and he didn't lead a drunken life on the dance floor.
In his later years, when Zhang Xueliang was doing oral history at Columbia University, he specifically talked about this past. Zhang Xueliang said: "I hate Ma's poem most, which is' Zhao Si's romantic Zhu has no frame'. Who is this Zhu Wu? Zhu Wu is Miss Zhu Qicheng's fifth wife. She is the wife of my secretary Zhu Guangmu. When they got married, I married them. I have known her since she was a child. Her sister and I are friends, just friends. Her fourth sister also married one of my assistants. I hate this poem most. I have nothing to do with Zhu Wu. "
This memory of Zhang Xueliang reflects the deep friendship between Zhang Jiahe and Zhujiajian. Actually, it's the same. During the Republic of China, many people said that there were three big families in the north. The Zhang family claimed to be a giant, obviously because Zhang and Zhang Xueliang were once the overlords in the north. It is not difficult to understand the Wu family. Wu is the second person of the Feng family. The influence of the Zhang family and his son is in full swing, and the Wu family naturally rises. What's special is Zhujiajian Island's house. Who is it? Why can it be called the three northern families with Zhang Wu?
To make it clear, we have to start with the legendary Zhu Qiyuan of the Republic of China-
Zhu Qi was born in the 11th year of Tongzhi in Qing Dynasty (1872), and he was young and withdrawn. Fortunately, he had a good uncle, and later he was the minister of industry in the late Qing Dynasty. It is said that he looks like Qu.
Guangxu nine years (188 1), at the age of nine, he was taught by his uncle Qu and was an inspirational scholar. Soon, he made friends with young people with aspirations such as Tang, Yang Dusheng and Zhang in Xiangjiang River. From then on, he interrupted the ordinary way of reading and gradually became more and more ambitious.
At the age of seventeen, Zhu Qiyong married Guangji Chen. Chen is the niece of Chen Yuanji, Counsellor of the Qing Embassy in Britain, France and Belgium. Zhu Qiyong's marriage is considered a noble marriage. It is said that the Chen family appreciates his appearance, saying that he is virtuous and steady, and will surely take root and grow into a towering tree in the future.
The 17th year of Guangxu (189 1) was a landmark year in Zhu Qiyuan's life. This year, Qu Hong simply went to Sichuan to study politics, and Zhu Qiyuan followed him around, thus starting a ups and downs life.
It is worth mentioning that Zhu Qicheng was not famous in the late Qing Dynasty, but at the age of 19, he was able to read Qu's papers on his behalf, which shows that this person is not bad at reading, but also insightful.
Although later Qu belonged to the Qing school and cultivated Zhu Qicheng, he was quite practical and secular. In the second year, he donated an official to Zhu Qiyuan in Sichuan, which made him have good experience in specific matters such as salt affairs and engineering.
In the 22nd year of Guangxu, 24-year-old Zhu Qiyong suffered misfortune. His former wife, Chen, left a pair of young sons and died in Luzhou. However, Zhu Qichen is indeed a blessed man. After returning to Hunan from Sichuan, he soon married Yu Demao's eldest daughter Baoshan in Guiyang. This is not only virtuous, but also subsidizes her husband to donate officials after marriage, which is very prosperous, especially in Zhujiajian.
In the twenty-seventh year of Guangxu (190 1), he was transferred to Beijing. This time, he also brought Zhu Qiyuan. At first, under the operation of Qu, Zhu Qicheng worked as a project manager in the translation hall of the university, and was soon promoted to the project manager of the translation hall because of his outstanding ability.
At that time, the translation hall was a place to train new diplomatic talents. Zhu Qicheng not only met Zhang, a lifelong friend, but also met Xu Shichang, Yuan Shikai and other Beiyang figures.
Yuan Shikai and Xu Shichang, both masters of people's wisdom, realized that Zhu Qiyong was a rare talent and brought him into Beiyang Camp that winter.
Thus, Zhu Qiyuan embarked on a high ladder and began his career.
Yuan Shikai is very knowledgeable in employing people in officialdom. When dealing with political opponents, he always pulls and fights. Because of this, he reused Zhu Qichen, the nephew of his sworn enemy, and put him in an important position in the inner city patrol hall of Shi Jing.
Under the command of Yuan Shikai, Zhu Qichen managed the officialdom properly. On the one hand, he appreciated Yuan's kindness in meeting him. On the other hand, he never defected and betrayed his uncle Qu.
In the thirty-third year of Guangxu (1907), Qu Hong was defeated in the official struggle with Yuan Shikai. Seeing that his uncle was dismissed, Zhu Qicheng carried it clearly. He immediately submitted his resignation and vowed to advance and retreat with his uncle.
Although it was separated from Beiyang Department, it won the respect of Beiyang Department.
A year later, Zhu Qiyuan, then the governor of the three northeastern provinces, was supervised by the Mongolian Affairs Bureau. For the future of the family, Zhu Qichen is not pedantic. When he met his uncle, he explained that the outcome of officialdom was like the change of the Spring and Autumn Period. After winning his uncle's understanding, he broke through and started a new career journey.
In the year of Xuantongyuan (1909), Zhu Qichen was ordered to visit Siberia, Russia and Hokkaido, Japan. After returning home, Xu Shichang recommended him as the postal department and the general manager of the northern section of Jin-Pu Railway.
19 12 After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Zhu Qichen successively served as the chief transport officer of Lu Huixiang and Zhao Bingjun cabinets of Beiyang Government. It is worth mentioning that in July of 19 13, he submitted a report to President Yuan Da, asking him to stipulate four seasonal holidays. Yuan approved the "Spring Festival" and agreed to have a fixed holiday during the Spring Festival. Since then, the first day of the Lunar New Year has been changed to "Spring Festival", which is still in use today.
19 13, in the second year of the Republic of China, Zhu Qichen, aged 4 1 year, served as prime minister for two days in July 17 and June 18. In August, Xiong Xiling formed a cabinet, and Zhu Qichen served as the Chief of the Interior and the Kyoto Municipal Supervisor.
Cao Juren, a reporter of the Republic of China, once commented on Zhu Qiqian-Gui Lao is certainly not a "saint" or a "hero", but they are all people who can be officials; Since being appointed as the chief transportation officer of Lu Ge, he has served as the chief transportation officer or interior officer of Zhao (Ling), Xiong (Ling), Sun (Duan) and Xu ().
The reason why Zhu Qichen is so successful in his official career is that his official accomplishment is secondary, mainly because he has a sense of responsibility and mission that officialdom lacked in that era.
Zhu Qiyong was in charge of almost all major issues of Beijing's transformation during his tenure as the chief of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, such as: opening xinhua gate in Xiyuan; Demolition of the Forbidden City wall, opening things Chang 'an Street and North and South Chizi Street; Transform Qianmen Arrow Tower to form the face of Qianmen Arrow Tower today; Change the rural altar into a central park and so on.
Because of his great contribution to the transformation of Beijing, his reputation is getting bigger and bigger, that is, from then on, Zhujiajian became a famous family in Beijing.
19 15 is a turning point for 43-year-old Zhu Qiyong, because he served as the director of the preparatory office of Yuan Peanut Ceremony. After Yuan's downfall, he was wanted. At that time, many people called him, and many people called him unjust, false and wrong. However, Zhu Qichen only said one thing about this experience, that is, he left a word in the chronicle that Yuan "knew" him.
This word "knowledge" cannot be compared with the deliberate whitewashing when it rains. Perhaps justice lies in people's hearts, perhaps it is a well-known way to be an official. After Li succeeded as president, he quickly revoked the wanted order against Zhu Qichen on the grounds that "his talents are still available".
In the following period, Zhu Qichen actively ran for the North-South peace talks, but deep down he was tired of the cruelty and filth of politics in the chaotic situation and began to turn to saving the country by industry and rejuvenating the country by culture.
Coincidence.
On one occasion, when Zhu Qiyong was passing by Nanjing, he happened to find an ancient book "Architectural French" in a famous local bibliophile. With years of cultural accomplishment, he decided on the spot that this book was the most complete architectural record before the Song Dynasty in China and a real treasure.
In order to decipher the ancient Chinese characters in the book and truly understand and master the contents of the famous works of this department, Zhu Qiyong, with admirable perseverance, invested huge sums of money to invite elites from all walks of life to set up the China Construction Society, among which Liang Sicheng, Lin and his wife, geologist Li Siguang, archaeologist and others, the dean of the Department of Architecture of Northeastern University, are the representatives.
In order to study this masterpiece, China Construction Society has done a lot of valuable work, especially the field trip by Liang Sicheng and Lin, which is still a much-told story in the academic history of the Republic of China.
Shortly after the July 7th Incident, Beiping fell.
1at the end of 937, the pseudo "Beiping Provisional Government" headed by the traitor Wang Kemin was established under the behind-the-scenes manipulation of Japanese spy Xiduo. The Japanese instructed Wang Kemin to come forward personally and mobilized Zhu Qiyuan to be the pseudo-"Mayor of Beiping".
Regarding the national justice, Zhu Qichen refused on the grounds of trying his best to compile the Collection of Ancient Sites in Guizhou, saying that he had no intention of going into politics. The Japanese refused to give up, and immediately sent a large number of spies to monitor the Zhaotangzi Hutong where the Zhu family lived at that time, and soon forced Zhu Qicheng's family to move in the name of requisitioning houses.
Jia Zhu's residence in Zhaotangzi Hutong at that time was an unfinished building purchased by Zhu Qiyong in the 1930s. After Zhu Qiyong bought it, he redesigned the supervision. After completion, the area will reach more than 2,000 square meters. The first half is used by China Architecture Society, and the second half is Jia Zhu's residence.
In order to resist Japan, Zhu Qiyuan led his family to move out of this mansion without hesitation. In the dark days that followed, in order to prevent the Japanese from further persecution, he "pretended to be ill" and "made a will", and always adhered to national integrity and did not collude with traitors such as Wang Kemin.
After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, the national government remembered Zhu Qichen's integrity and not only returned Zhao Tangzi's house, but Chiang Kai-shek also specially hosted a banquet in Huairentang to entertain him.
At that time, Zhu Qicheng, in addition to ruining his family and career, vowed not to fall into the water, and there was another righteous act, which was also a beautiful talk.
Zhu Qiyong was a famous collector in the Republic of China. His collection consciousness originated from his grandfather Fu Qingyu, a provincial judge in Henan. When Qi Ling was three years old, his father, Zhu, returned to Guizhou to take the exam and died unfortunately when passing through Yuping County, Guizhou Province. Fu Mengqiong, the mother, took her young son Ling Kai to live in grandpa's house for a long time. My grandfather likes collecting, and he became interested in collecting.
Apart from ancient paintings and calligraphy, Zhu Qiyuan's most distinctive and valuable collection is the silk reeling treasures of the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties. 1924, Japanese industrial tycoon Okura Yoshishiro was 88 years old. Zhu Qiyong took Guizhou aged Maotai as his birthday because he had business dealings with Okura in Zhongxing Coal Mine in Zaozhuang, Shandong Province. Okura learned that Zhu Qiqian lived in Tianjin, and he was not rich. He offered to buy Zhujiajian Island silk collection at a high price of 6,543,800 yuan, but the result was euphemistically rejected.
Later, seeing that the situation was turbulent, Zhu Qiyuan transferred this collection to Zhang Xueliang and only received 200,000 yuan. There is only one premise, and it is not allowed to be sold to foreigners at any time.
After the September 18th Incident, these silk treasures unfortunately fell into the hands of the Japanese. At this time, Zhang Xueliang had no time to take care of it, but Zhu Qiyuan did not give up. Later, through the relationship of allied brother Rong Houde, he managed to declare Puyi's "fake Manchu Emperor's Room" as a "national treasure", which was a collection given to others by Puyi, so the Japanese dared not touch it and kept it in the Fengtian Museum.
After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, Song Meiling personally went to Shenyang to arrange for the collection to be airlifted to Beiping, first deposited in the Central Bank, then deposited in the Palace Museum, and finally settled in the Liaoning Provincial Museum.
At this point, if Zhu Qiyong is the root of Zhu's family becoming a famous family in Beijing, then Zhu's two sons and eight thousand gold have contributed to the prosperity and fame of the family.
Zhu Jiajia's two sons and eight daughters, who have not lost their families, are all gilding their homes.
This is very lucky and important for the traditional extended family in China.
Zhu Zenong, the eldest son of Zhujiajian, is a classmate of Zhou Enlai in Nankai high flyers. 1957, when Zhou Enlai visited Zhujiajian, he immediately told him that Zhujiajian's eldest son was a student of Class 5 in Nankai.
Zhu Haibei, the second son of the Zhu family, was the son of a famous hero in Beiping at that time. In his oral history, the son of Shanghai tycoon Du Zhi once specifically talked about Zhu Haibei and praised his personality charm. He once pursued Meng Xiaodong, the "Winter Emperor". He was very elegant and temperamental, and was by no means an ordinary dude.
Of course, compared with the two grandchildren, the eight daughters of the Zhu family are the key to carry forward the family threshold. At that time, there was a saying in Peiping that every branch of Zhujiashu fell on a golden phoenix.
Miss Zhu Jiaer Zhu Yun married Zhang Yiwu, the "Nankai Senior" in Zhou Enlai; Huei-fang married Wu Jingan, Zhang Xueliang's trusted assistant; Miss Wu Zhu Meijun married Zhang Xueliang's secretary Zhu Guangmu; Miss Liu Zhu Luo Jun married Zhang Xue Ming, Zhang Xueliang's younger brother; Miss Jiu married Wu Youquan, the only son of Wu and Zhang Xueliang's sworn brother.
It can be seen that the bond between the three major families in Beiping is the daughter of Zhu family.
1949, on the eve of national liberation, Zhang was specially asked to write to Zhu Qiyuan to persuade him to stay in the mainland and not to go to Hong Kong, Taiwan and other provinces. After the liberation of Shanghai, he sent Zhang, the grandson of Zhu Qichen, to Shanghai, took Zhu Qichen to Beijing and settled in a big house in Dongsibatiao.
In the embrace of new China, Zhu Qichen was extremely patriotic and quickly recalled nine ZTE ships stranded in Hong Kong to support domestic shipping.
/kloc-in the 1950s, the people's government decided to expand Tiananmen Square and build a monument to the people's heroes. Zhou Enlai instructed relevant departments to solicit Zhu Qiyuan's opinions.
Zhu Qiyong made several points: First, don't build buildings higher than Tiananmen Gate around Tiananmen Square; Two, the expansion of the square, mobile watches, we should pay attention to protection. Especially the China watch in the west, which was damaged in the year of Gengzi, has a steel hoop on the base, so pay attention when moving it; 3. Try not to tear down the "three doors" on the east and west sides of the square; Fourthly, the South Flower Wall between the East and West "Three Gates" was built in the second year of the Republic of China in order to isolate it from the foreign training ground in Dongjiaominxiang, while rebuilding xinhua gate. It's not a monument. It can be removed.
Now it seems that these points are very insightful.
196 1 year1October 12. On Zhu Qiyong's ninetieth birthday, Zhou Enlai sent a birthday basket and was invited to Zhujialai for a "light meal".
During the dinner, Zhou Enlai humorously said to Zhu Qiyong, you are the Prime Minister and I am also the Prime Minister. This is "the exchange between the two prime ministers."
That is, in this year, Zhu Meijun and Miss Zhu acted as "ambassadors" and once again added luster to this family.
196 1 year 65438+February 12. At the banquet commemorating the 25th anniversary of the Xi Incident, Zhou Enlai recalled his many meetings with Zhang Xueliang in Yan 'an and Xi, and made an impromptu speech. Zhang Xueliang's second and fourth brothers, as well as many staff officers of the Northeast Army, were in tears.
Faced with this situation, Zhou Enlai missed Zhang Xueliang, who was imprisoned in Taiwan Province, more and more, and came up with the idea of correspondence with him and greetings to relatives and friends in Chinese mainland.
However, the two sides of the Taiwan Strait are so close at hand, who is the safest and most reliable to send as a "messenger"?
Thinking of the special relationship between Zhujiajian and Zhang Xueliang, and Ma's incompatibility in 193 1, I turned my attention to Zhu Meijun, the eldest miss of Zhujiajian.
When Zhu Meijun learned that Zhou Enlai had a desire to communicate with Zhang Xueliang, he was very moved. On the spot, he promised the liaison from Beijing that he would personally go to Taiwan Province Province to deliver the secret letter.
After identifying Zhujiajian Island's "emissary", Zhou Enlai wrote a thoughtful and meaningful secret letter with only 16 words: cherish the country and be good at self-cultivation; There is much to be done in the future, and it can be expected after the meeting.
This special letter, which has neither the name of the recipient nor the signature of the writer, was intentionally written by Zhou Enlai in consideration of the close monitoring of Zhang Xueliang by the Taiwan Province authorities at that time. He believes that Zhang Xueliang can definitely recognize his handwriting, because there have been many letters between them.
In addition to national feelings, Zhou Enlai also thought of family ties. To this end, he asked Zhang He to write a letter to his eldest brother Zhang Xueliang.
After receiving these three letters, Zhu Meijun sealed them at the bottom of an exquisite candy box, and then formally applied to the Taiwan Province provincial authorities for visiting relatives in Taiwan. With the help of relatives and friends in Taiwan Province Province, Zhu Meijun successfully entered Taiwan Province Island in April 1962. Then after arriving in Taipei, Zhu Meijun found that Zhang Xueliang's freedom of movement was very limited, and there were many unidentified "bodyguards" around him. If he meets rashly, he is likely to be alert.
So Zhu Meijun stayed in Taipei and waited patiently for the opportunity.
1962 10, Zhu Meijun learned that Zhang Xueliang was going to make a public appearance at an event. After some discussion, she found Huang (then the director-general of the Kuomintang Inspirational Association and the big housekeeper) and asked him to give a candy box to Zhang Xueliang and his wife who lived in Dong Xianguang's home at that time.
Huang didn't know the secret in the candy box and readily agreed to the request of his old friend.
When Zhang Xueliang got the candy box and learned that it was specially sent by Miss Zhu, a former gossip partner, he immediately realized that there must be a mystery hidden in it.
When I opened it, three precious letters came into view.
At that moment, Zhang Xueliang's mood can be imagined. ...
In her later years, Zhu Meijun moved to Canada with her children. 199 1 year, she was able to meet Zhang Xueliang and his wife after they settled in Hawaii. At that time, it had been 60 years since "Zhao Si's Romantic Zhu Minmetals".