What are the three plays and three songs among the intangible heritage of eastern Fujian?

March 3March 3, the traditional festival of the Han Chinese and many ethnic minorities, when the third day of the third month of the lunar calendar. Anciently known as the Festival. Legend has it that the third of March is the birth of the Yellow Emperor, China since ancient times, "February 2, the dragon carries the head; March 3, born Xuanyuan". After the Wei and Jin Dynasties, on the Festival was changed to March 3, followed by future generations, and then became the Han Chinese waterfront banquets, countryside tour of the spring festival.

[edit]Traditional Festivals

March 3 can be pushed back to memorial Fuxi. Fuxi and his sister Nuwa Tuan earth to create people, reproduction of offspring, the Yuandong area honored Fuxi as "human ancestor", in Huaiyang (Fuxi built the capital of the place) built Tai Hao Mausoleum ancient temple, by the lunar calendar February 2 to March 3 for the Tai Hao Mausoleum temple fair, the good men and women, the south boat north horse, all gathered in the mausoleum area, pilgrimage to worship the human ancestor.

March 3 of the lunar calendar, or the legendary Queen Mother will be the day of the Peach Fair. In the late Qing Dynasty, there is a poem in seven lines in the "Du Men Miscellaneous Rhymes", which describes the temple fair of the year: "The third day of March, spring is long, the Peach Palace to see the burning incense; along the river along the wind is slightly rising, ten feet of red dust ramp Yang." Legend has it that the Queen Mother of the West was originally the protector of a primitive tribe in the west of China. She had two magic treasures: one was the elixir of immortality that could be eaten, and the other was the peach of immortality, the coiled peach, that could prolong life. The mythical Chang'e flew to the Moon Palace after eating the elixir of Xiwangmu, which her husband Hou Yi had gotten. Since then, in some novels, the Queen Mother of the West is said to be the god of longevity.

Ancient Han Chinese Qu Shui Yu Goblet

The third day of the third month of the lunar calendar is also the birthday of the Taoist Zhenwu Da Di. Zhenwu Da Di full name "North Zhentian Zhenwu Xuan Tian Da Di", also known as Xuan Tian God, Xuan Wu, Zhenwu Zhenjun. Born in the ancient Regulus era, the third day of the third month of the Chinese calendar, is a Taoist god in charge of military and war. Taoist palaces and temples all over the world hold grand pujas on the day of March 3, and Taoist believers also go to the palaces and temples to burn incense and pray for blessings on this day, or chant and pray at home. "Zhenwu Mountain Taishang Zhenwu Stele Record" on the origin of Zhenwu Da Di and the main Zhenwu Dojo in China, as well as Zhenwu's "benevolent heart" to "save the military disaster" have made a concise and artful explanation The book also explains how people commemorate Zhenwu on March 3rd. Explained the people in March 3 to commemorate the origin and significance of Zhenwu Da Di.

In ancient times, the first six days in March for the "on the Si", the Han Dynasty as a holiday. "is the month on the Si, the officials and the people are Jie (clean) in the East Stream on the water, said the washing and purifying, to go to the past dirt (disease), for the big Jie" ("After the Han Book - rituals on the Chi"). Later, the content of banqueting guests and trekking on the water was added. At night, families set off firecrackers in every room of their homes to blow up ghosts, and legend has it that ghosts are everywhere on this day.

Holiday customs

The Han Chinese have the custom of eating ground (chestnut) boiled eggs. The folk on that day have flow cup, flow egg, flow date, begging son and wear willow circle, visit spring, trekking, eat clear essence of the rice and songs and other activities. Han Chinese March 3, in addition to sacrifices, the later stages of the development of the river play, men and women will meet, willow and flower viewing and other folk activities. Du Fu, a great poet of the Tang Dynasty, wrote the poem "The weather is new on March 3, and there are many beautiful people by the water in Chang'an". Song Dynasty Ouyang Xiu also wrote in a word: "Qingming on the West Lake, full of prosperity. Who's home. Green willow Zhu wheel go tin car. Tourists will go at sunset, wake up drunken clamor." These all show that the custom of March 3, the Tang and Song dynasties are still prevalent. At the same time, this festival is also a day of men and women traveling to the green, also known as China's Valentine's Day, Daughter's Day.

Han Chinese girls in this day of the Daughter's Day Taiwan, Fujian region on March 3 for the "March Festival", "picking the rat koji (Qu) grass, combined with the rice flour for kuey teow to its ancestors" (Qing Qianlong emperor "Taiwan Province"), some people will choose the first three days of March, on the Si Some people choose to sweep the graves on the third day of the third month, which has the meanings of trekking in the green and getting rid of bad luck.

Sichuan Zhongxian and other places have a "March meeting", held in memory of the anti-enemy general Barmanzi grand event, is the day, the masses carry Barmanzi's idol parade around the city, followed by social fire team, play dragon lanterns, lion dance, home lanterns, firecrackers, bustling.

The Zhuang people, more than in March to catch the song Wei, set up a song shed, held a song, young men and women sing, touch the egg, throw the embroidered ball, talk about love. Legend has it that in honor of the Zhuang song fairy Liu Sanjie and the formation of the festival, it is also known as the song fairy festival. Zhuang people mostly come to sweep tombs on March 3, and usually steam five-color glutinous rice on March 3.

The Dong nationality holds activities such as snatching firecrackers, bullfighting, horsefighting, singing and stamping, etc., which is also called "Firecracker Festival".

The Buyei people kill pigs and sacrifice them to the god of society and the god of mountain in the festival, eat yellow glutinous rice, and all villages don't communicate with each other for three or four days. Yao to March 3 for the "Ganba Festival", is the collective fishing and hunting festival, and will catch the wildlife fish distributed by household, *** enjoy the joy of harvest, after the clouds gathered in the square, singing and dancing, celebrating the festival.

The She people take March 3 as the birthday of the grain and rice, and every family eats umi rice. Legend has it that Lei Wanxing, a hero of the She people in the Tang Dynasty, led an insurgent army to fight against the siege of the government army, and the army was greatly invigorated by the hunger of the Wu Nim fruit, and succeeded in breaking through the siege on March 3, and won a series of victories in successive battles. In order to commemorate this, the She people eat rice and sing songs on March 3 every year. Among the She people, March 3 is a major festival comparable to the Spring Festival. On this day, families slaughter livestock and worship their ancestors. Many families often choose this day to organize weddings. Umi rice is eaten during the festival. At nightfall, bonfires are held and songs are sung. She people are good at singing and often invite She singers from all over the province to perform on stage, which is a very enthusiastic scene. During the festival, the She people also hold dances, including torch dances, wooden beat dances, bamboo pole dances, dragon dances, lion dances, and fish lantern dances. At the same time, there are also She folk competitions, such as asking stools, playing stone plinths, abdominal top sticks, playing kongs, and driving wild boars. The "March 3" festival is a microcosm of the humanistic history of the She people, with distinctive ethnic characteristics and a strong local flavor, and has an irreplaceable and important value in the construction of new countryside and the strengthening of national unity. As the She ethnic group lives in the less developed areas along the southeast coast in a large scattered and small gathering, with the modernization process and the change of the living environment of the She ethnic group, the She ethnic group's language, costumes, songs and dances are being gradually Sinicized, and the traditional festivals and activities of "March 3" tend to shrink, which are in urgent need of enhanced protection.

The Li people call March 3 "Fu Nianfu", for the wish "Shanlan" (mountain dry valley) and hunting harvest festival, but also young men and women free to interact with the day, people call it love day. About its origin, there is a beautiful legend.

The Tujia March 3, is the Tujia Valentine's Day. On the day of March 3, the Tujia's ahoya and ahoya sisters get together and betrothal is made by stepping on the feet with mountain songs as the matchmaker.

Other ethnic groups such as the Shui, Miao, Mulao, and Maonan all have their own traditional March 3 festival customs.

"March 3, Treading on the Beach" is a folk custom in Shipu Town, Xiangshan. There are several stories about its origin. One of them is related to production and labor: around the third day of the third month of the local lunar calendar, the ground and water temperatures begin to rise, and the shallow sea snails scramble to climb up the beach to reproduce. Local people will go to the beach in this season to pick up snails, resulting in "March 3, step on the beach" labor scene.

Nowadays, although the beach resources are gradually depleted, the local old people still can't help but take their younger generation to rush to the beach on this day to revisit the scene of snail picking in the past. The labor scene of "March 3rd, Treading on the Beach" has gradually formed a brand new folk culture activity.

Today's "March 3rd, Tap Beach" has formed a local folk cultural activities as the main body to sports, fishing competitions and invited foreign singing and dancing, acrobatic programs for the accompanying characteristics. There are various kinds of cultural performances, including horse lanterns, dragon lantern dances, colorful pavilion parades, etc., as well as Yueju Opera performances based on folk stories such as "The Hot Snail Girl Recruiting Marriage" and entertainment activities such as "The Hot Snail Girl Throwing Colorful Balls" recruiting marriages among the spectators. These activities are characterized by folklore, mass, participation and entertainment.

Other related

March 3 Valentine's Day

Lunar March 3 Valentine's Day: March 3 Valentine's Day has a long history. There are poems to prove it, Li Bai's poem: "Whistling, Qin E dream broken Qin Lou Yue; Qin Lou Yue, year after year the color of the willow, Ba Ling sad goodbye. On the Leyou Plain, during the clear autumn festival, the old Xianyang Road was closed to the sound and dust of the Ba Mountains." The color of willow here refers to the Valentine's Day on the third day of the third month of the lunar calendar. Through this poem, we can see how romantic the Valentine's Day in China is: a couple of lovers strolling on Ba on a sunny day in spring, folding willows to give each other gifts, and whistling incessantly, what a realm! Not only that, but in China, a long, long time ago, it was customary for loved ones to part with each other and for friends to part with each other by folding willows, as evidenced by the poem: "The willow is a gift for no reason". From this we can see, love is willow, willow is love to become a stereotype. The common people will be many lovers of the floating waves called looking for flowers and willow, that is from this. Today, although we can no longer see the ancient love objects and love scenes, but there are countless love poems and love songs, enough for us to enjoy. In addition, among some ethnic minorities, the custom of the March 3rd Song Contest is still preserved. Yunnan's ethnic minorities, in the lunar calendar on the third of March this day, many of the beautiful men and women in groups of songs to love, mutual gifts, the secret meeting deep in the forest, the scene and the European and American countries Valentine's Day only has the same flavor.

March Song Wei Festival

March 3 of the lunar calendar, also known as the "March 3 Song Festival" or "March Song Wei", is the traditional song festival of the Zhuang people. The Zhuang people have several regular folk song gatherings every year, such as the 15th of the first month, the 3rd of March, the 8th of April, the 15th of August, etc., among which the 3rd of March is the most grand. On this day, families make five-color glutinous rice, dye colorful eggs and celebrate the festival. The song festival usually lasts two or three days each time, and is held in an open space not far from the village, where bamboo and cloth are used to build a singing hut to receive singers from other villages. Singing to unmarried young men and women as the main, but the old and children have to come to the spectators to help. The small song dike has one or two thousand people, the big song dike up to tens of thousands of people.

In the song next to the dike, vendors gathered, active civil trade, the nearby masses to catch the song dike people to provide housing and food, no matter whether they know each other or not, are warmly received. A larger song dike, dozens of miles around the young men and women have come to participate in the sea of people, singing one after another, is very lively. Tianyang County's Qiaoye are traditionally larger song dike. People to the song dike on the race song, enjoy the song; male and female youth through the song, if the two sides of the love for each other, will give each other tokens, thought the love. In addition, there are also throwing embroidered balls, touch colorful eggs and other interesting activities.

Throwing the embroidered ball is mainly entertainment, but also as a token of love. When a girl is interested in a young man, she throws the embroidered ball to him. Touching the colored eggs is to make fun of each other, also has the meaning of love. Song Festival is a folk trade event, but also to promote the national culture of the event. 1985, the regional people's government will be March 3 as Guangxi's national arts festival.