Spring grasses grow in the ponds, and the willows in the gardens change into songbirds. The birds are crying in the spring mountains, and the birds are crying in the spring mountains, and the birds are crying in the spring mountains. Song Wang Anshi "Mooring at Guazhou"
Swallows do not return to the spring evening, a Ting smoke and rain apricot blossom cold Tang Dai Shulun "Su wrote the moon"
Fifteen Nights to look at the moon (Wang Jian)
White trees in the middle of the garden perched on the crows, the cold dew is silent wet osmanthus flowers.
The moon is shining brightly tonight, and I don't know who's home I'm thinking of in autumn.
Moon in Guanshan (Li Bai)
The moon is out of the sky, between the clouds and the sea.
The long wind blows for tens of thousands of miles, blowing through the Jade Gate Pass.
Han went down the Baideng Road, and Hu peeped into the Green Bay.
By the time of the war, there was no one to return.
The soldiers look at the border, thinking of returning to their homes with bitter faces.
The tallest building in the world is on this night, and I can't stop sighing.
Solo Drinking Under the Moon (Li Bai)
There is a pot of wine among the flowers, and there is no relative to drink alone.
To invite the moon in a glass of wine, and to drink alone, there are three people in the shadow.
The moon does not know how to drink, but the shadow follows me.
The moon and the shadows will be with me for a while, but I will not be able to enjoy myself until spring.
I sing the moon's song, I dance the shadows.
When I wake up, we have fun together, but when I get drunk, we are scattered.
It is the first time that I have ever been in a relationship with a man who is not in love.
Night Thoughts (Li Bai)
The light of the moon before the bed is suspected to be frost on the ground.
Lift your head to look at the moon, and look down to think of your hometown.
Moonlight Night (Liu Fangping)
The moonlight is deeper and half of the house is darker, and the appendix of the Big Dipper is tilted to the south.
Tonight, I know that spring is warm, and the sound of insects is penetrating the green window screen.
Chang E (Li Shangyin)
The mica screen has a deep candle shadow, and the long river is gradually falling, and the star is sinking.
Chang E should regret stealing the elixir.
The Moon on the Fifteenth Night of August (Tang Du Fu)
The full moon flies in a mirror, and the returning heart folds a big knife.
The moonlight on the fifteenth night of the eighth month (Tang Dynasty, Du Fu)
The full moon flies in a bright mirror.
The waterways are suspected to be frosty and snowy, and the forests are full of feathers.
This is the time to look at the white rabbit.
Monthly Night Memory of My Brother (Du Fu)
The garrison drums break the line of people, and the sound of geese in the autumn is heard on the border.
The dew is white tonight and the moon is bright in my hometown.
All my brothers are scattered, and I have no home to ask about my life and death.
The letter I sent to you has not yet reached me, and I have not yet rested my army.
Looking at the Moon (Zhang Jiuling)
There is a bright moon on the sea, and the sky is at the end of the world.
Lover's complaint is that the night is far away!
The candle is out, the light is full, the clothes are covered with dew.
It's not a good idea to give them a handful of gifts, but it's a good idea to go back to bed and dream about them.
Frosty Moon (Li Shangyin)
The first time I heard of the geese, there were no more cicadas,
The hundred-foot building was high up in the water and connected to the sky.
The green maidens and the vegetarians are all resistant to the cold,
and they fight in the frosty moon.
Autumn Night Under the Moon (Meng Haoran)
The moon hangs bright in the autumn sky, and the colorful dew is wet.
The magpies are not yet settled, and the fireflies are rolling in the curtains.
The cold shadow of the acacia is sparse, and the sound of the neighbor's pestle is rapid at night.
What are the chances of getting a good deal? I'm not going to be able to do that.
Playing with the moon on the fifteenth night of the eighth month in the Peach Garden (Tang Dynasty, Liu Yuxi)
Seeing the moon in the dust is also a leisure for the heart, not to mention that it's the immortal mansion in the early autumn.
The moonlight is a cold dew falling, and it is standing on the highest mountain.
There are no clouds in the sky, and the wind does not blow, and there are long pines on the mountain and water under the mountain.
Groups of people move in a leisurely glance, the sky and the earth are flat for ten million miles.
The young ruler guided me to the Jade Altar, and I invited the real immortal officials.
The clouds were about to descend and the stars were moving, and the music of heaven chilled my bones.
The golden haze was rising to the east, and I was still looking at it.
It's hard to be together again when you have a great view, but you should be disappointed on this day in the next year.
The Mid-Autumn Moon (Yan Shu)
Ten rounds of frosty shadows turn to the garden, and this evening the detainees are all alone in the corner
It may not be the case that Su E is not frustrated, but the jade toad is cold and the osmanthus is lonely
The Mid-Autumn Moon (Su Shi)
The twilight clouds have been collected and overflowed with coldness, and the silver man has no sound to turn the jade disk.
This night will not last long, but the moon will be there next year.
The night of the 15th of August, Pen Pavilion, looking at the moon (Bai Juyi, Tang Dynasty)
The night of the 15th of August in the past, by the side of Qujiang Pond, by the side of the apricot garden.
This year, on the 15th night of the 8th month, in front of the water pavilion at the head of the Penpu sand.
Where is the northwestern part of the country, and the southeast part of the country, where is the full moon?
Yesterday the wind blew and no one was there, but tonight the light is as clear as in the past.
Mid-Autumn Moon Pending (Lu Guimeng)
The lack of frost has made it late, and the good wind seems to be sending a good time
Curtain slanting trees are separated by infinite love, and the candle darkens and the incense is left behind, but the sitting is not resigned
Favorite sheng tunes are heard in the north of the country, and gradually the star eddies are lost to the south of the Kei
Why would the people for the school of the cooling power want to reduce the first round and the noon
Tianzhu Temple, the night and the night of the fifteenth day and the fifteenth day of August, the osmanthus (Pirichiu of Tang)
Jade Shan Shan under the wheel of the moon, the jade is very beautiful.
The jade balls are in the moonlight, and the dew is new in front of the temple.
To this day, I don't know what happened in the sky, but it was Chang'e who threw it to the people.
Song Su Shi's "Mid-Autumn Moon and Ziyu"
The bright moon is not yet out of the mountains, and the white hairs are born from the light of a thousand feet.
A cup of silver queer gushed before the end of the cup, and the chaotic clouds were as bad as the crashing waves.
Whoever washes the eyes of the God of Heaven should pay for a thousand cubic meters of water from the Ming River.
So I can look at the people in the world coldly and see that my heart is not in the right place.
Southwest Mars is like a projectile, the corner and tail of the dragon.
This night I can't see it with my eyes, so I'll let the fireflies fight it out.
Why did you moor a boat to the ancient Bian, where a thousand lamps were transformed into fish and dragons at night?
They were not interested in the waves, and they were not interested in the songs, but they were interested in the songs.
The green fluorescent lamps have not been extinguished in front of the mountains, and the waves and winds will not be firm again.
The bright moon is easy to be low and the people are easy to be separated, so I will call for more wine when I return to see it again.
The color of the moon in front of the hall is more and more clear and good, and the cold chirping dew grass.
The curtains are rolled up and the door is silent, and under the window there is only the old Chu.
Nandu is not ashamed to be poor, and there are a few people who write poems to the moon.
The sun rises in the morning, and the sun rises in the morning, and the moon rises in the morning.
Mid-Autumn Moonrise (Song Mi Fu)
The Huaihai Sea is as full of silver as the eye can see, and there are ten thousand rainbow rays that bring up the mussels.
If there is no moon household in the sky, the osmanthus branch will be damaged to the west wheel.
The Mid-Autumn Festival in Ni Zhuang (Yuan Hao Wen)
The strong meal of the day is more than thin, and the narrow clothes are already cold in autumn
Children remember each other, and the road is not difficult to travel
The dewy air enters the thatched cottage, and the brooks sound noises the rocky beach
Moon in the mountains at night, and never look at it until the dawn of the day
Ten Poems of Mountain Landscapes
We passed the Sanshanto Island to look at the sea in the rain
The sound of gulls blowing their dream around the northwest winds,
When we meet with a cool wind, the wind will blow around us, and the wind will be very cold.
The cool wind is wrapped in white smoke.
Spring rain is in full swing and the clouds look like ink,
The fish and dragons want to rise up and shake the sky.
The Star Crew is three thousand years old,
and the sea market has been empty for forty years.
Half a lifetime of looking back is like a moment,
Who can reach the Mulberry fields in life?
Deep in the fall, Yueyang fell
Lakes and seas are full of chest,
Come to Yunmeng to see the ocean.
Autumn in Chusei is a great time,
The tide of Jingtian into the remote.
This is the first time I've ever seen my country, and I've never seen it again,
It's been a long time since I've seen it, and I've never seen it again.
The west wind curls up and blows yellow leaves,
The emperor's son does not come to the smoke and water cool.
Autumn night by the pine flowers is a chance event
The air is fresh and the sound is dry and the clouds are lighter,
Misty mountain shadows are born in the night.
There is no need to hurt the geese on the way back,
and there is no need to weep on the soil.
The stars are warmer than the red autumn moon,
and the water is as white as a river.
Wherever my heart goes, it is wide open,
a vast expanse of love.
Homecoming
The spring winds are winding around the beams of the song,
and the fragrance of the wine traces on the platforms of the buildings.
The city is drunk with lights,
and the sound of the river is cool at night.
The wanderer is a prodigal son,
and his hometown has changed a lot.
Year after year, the short gathering is like a reward,
Who makes the return and voyage?
The river
The river is full of sand,
The rain and the clouds are my home.
There is a letter in the mail from a leaf,
The sun is slanting in the lone boat, and there is a message in the air.
It was once a cold-eyed look at the world,
and I wrote about it alone.
It's been a long time since I've had a hard time making up my mind,
and I'm not surprised that I've had a career in painting.
Night at Taihu Lake
We heard about the beauty of Taihu Lake in the past,
and now we are crossing the water of Taihu Lake.
The moonlight is coming out of the east mountain,
and the breeze is coming up at the end of the day.
The water and the moon are extremely bright,
and the scenery is exquisite.
It is not possible to get the Xi Shi,
I am envious of the scops owl.
It is in Xiaoxiang that my thoughts are centered,
and I remember the orchids and dahuricas.
The line is too hasty,
The smoke and waves are numerous.
Wulingyuan
The Wei and Jin dynasties are now gone,
Qingxi is still poor.
I have come to visit the cold and the cold,
Flower hair even Chanjuan.
There is a place to escape from the Qin Dynasty,
and there is no way to find Shun Tian.
The rivers and mountains are still there,
and the winds and rains are over a thousand years old.
Tour of Mount Lushan Xiufeng Temple
Have long heard that the mountain is the first,
Come here to evoke the spirit of poetry.
Flower warmth and fragrance baking dream,
Banana cool green dip door.
The water flows through the bamboo shadow,
the stone breaks and rolls the moss mark.
Looking at the waterfall between the clouds,
You want to turn into Kun.
The night boat trip on the lake
The flat lake is a thousand hectares wide,
an independent peak is alone.
The clouds are light and hanging in the mirror,
the body is light and sitting in a jade pot.
Smoke and light end at the edge of the earth,
the color of the water is not near the sky.
If you want to **** the fisherman drunk,
you can still call out from the boat.
Night in the boat past Xunyang
The moon and the stars are hanging in the night,
The sound of the flute and the dream past Xunyang.
The fish and dragons return to the river and the sea with me,
and the deer and horses are referred to the temple by the people.
Seven feet is ashamed to live in the peach and plum tent,
One rod is thinking of fishing in the water cloud country,
Pipa can solve the remaining feelings?
Looking at the mountains and rivers, the road is long.
Five Landscape Words
Nian Nujiao/Huangshan Mountain
Miraculously, the sky is far away, looking at the stars and the river, the dome
high and open. Seventy-two peaks for the show, full of prisms
Levels of green roach. Hundreds of miles of hanging ladders, thousands of rocks and waterfalls,
Ten thousand ravines and pines moving wind sound. The floating arbors are clear and blue, and the poetry of the poem is full of excitement.
This is the first time I've ever seen a woman in the world who has been in a hurry!
Foot originally tiandu, rainbow harvesting rain clearing, when
or hear luan singing. The remote point of Chu and Wu battlefield, a
Wiping Chuan flat as a palm, a few pieces of floating clouds, in front of the bright
Disappearance, look down on the peaks, do not say that the return to go, and
Watch the red sun to the west!
Nian Nujiao/Suzhou
Blowing Xiao and sculling, to the Gusu to pour, Jiangshan
Aura. The rain is moist and the smoke is thick, and the spring water is full of poetic
picturesque feelings. The peach dock, the maple bridge, the dream,
Maundy Canglang, the sound of pounding clothes, Wu Nong's soft
language is like water.
It should be laughed at in the Spring and Autumn of Wu and Yue, the king's plan to dominate the world, no
is really a child's play. The first thing you need to do is to get your hands on a new article, and you'll be able to do it in a way that's not too difficult. The first thing you need to do is to get your hands on a new one, and you'll be able to do it in a way that you don't have to. The first thing you need to do is to get your hands on some of the most popular products and services in the world!
The Song of Water and Songs/Taihu Lake
Two years of dreaming of Taihu Lake, long sent Taihu Lake fall.
The first smoky water in the south of the river, since the ancient times. In the static soft
such as a virgin, moving wild as a galloping horse, all images exempted from chanting
eyes. The sun and the moon are the only things that are in the air, and the sky and the earth are the only things that are in the air.
The water outside the clouds, willow bank, alone on the building. I'm not sure if I'm going to be able to do this, but I'm going to be able to do it, and I'm going to be able to do it. The most favorite heroes
sons and daughters, but the king's cause, hand in hand to the flat boat.
Still the lakes and mountains are there, who will continue the trend?
Butterfly Lovers/Hanging Xue Tao's Tomb
There are ten million kinds of thoughts in the guest, the door lane pipa, with
hanging autumn Huai moved. The old well remains monument clear tears for, Tao paper a few
Page by who to send?
A generation of amazing talent is empty, the world is dim, who
know the pain of drifting? The only mournful thing is that the sun is still
listening to the deserted mound.
A section of clouds on Wushan Mountain/Fengjie West Pavilion, where Du Fu recited his poem
The river water is angry, and the Kui Men are between the palms of the hands.
The God of Spring
The woman is silent, and the sun is dark in the center of the sky.
There are fewer and fewer ears to be found, and only half a meal for the gentleman.
The wood is under the Wushan Mountain, and the grass is so cold that it is hard to find.
Respondent: China Shenlong 1 - Magic Apprentice Level 1 5-14 12:00
The representatives of the landscape and idyllic poetry school are Wang Wei, Meng Haoran, and Chen Zi'ang
Wang Wei is the representative of the Shengtang landscape and idyllic poetry school. He inherited and developed the landscape poetry pioneered by Xie Lingyun and made it unique, bringing landscape and idyllic poetry to a peak of achievement and an important position in the history of Chinese poetry. Wang Wei also wrote other masterpieces. Some reflect military and border life, some express chivalry, and some expose the ills of the times. These small poems are all five or seven poems, with sincere feelings and language, no need to carve, with simple and profound beauty, comparable to Li Bai's and Wang Changling's stanzas, representing the highest achievement of the Sheng Tang's stanzas. His poems in response to the system, his poems in harmony, and his poems promoting the principles of Buddhism occasionally have famous lines, but most of them are not desirable. Wang Wei had the highest attainments in the five rhymes and five or seven poems, and also excelled in other styles, which were very prominent in Tang poetry. His seven rhythms are either majestic and gorgeous, or pure and elegant, and are the model for the seven sons of the Ming Dynasty. The seven ancient forms are neat and tidy, with a flowing momentum. His prose is quiet and meaningful, extremely poetic and picturesque, for example, The Book of the Mountain and Pei Xiu Cai Di. Wang Wei enjoyed great fame both in his lifetime and after his death, and was known as the "World's Literary Scholar" and the "Poetry Buddha". He had a great influence on the future generations.
It is because he often looked at everything with the eyes of a Zen master that his poems have a kind of quiet beauty, clarity and silence that other poets can hardly reach. Especially in his description of the nature of a moment of confusion and movement, is so pure and quiet, Zen rhyme, such as: "people idle osmanthus flowers fall, the night quiet spring mountain empty. The moonrise startles the birds, and they sing in the spring streams." ("Bird Songs") "In the soughing fall rain, shallow pomegranates. The jumping waves splash each other, and the egrets are surprised to come down again." ("Luan Jiaze") and the famous line "the bright moon shining between the pines, clear springs flowing over the stones" ("Mountain Dwelling Autumn All Night") and so on, often cleansing the reader's mind, giving a person endless reverie of tranquility and serenity.
2. Meng Haoran
Tang Dynasty poet. He was a native of Xiangyang, Xiangzhou (present-day Xiangfan, Hubei), and was known as Meng Xiangyang. In the first half of his life, he mainly stayed at home to serve his relatives and read, and he used poetry as a means of self-sufficiency. At the age of 40, he traveled to the capital and returned to Xiangyang after failing to get a scholarship. When he was in Chang'an, he was very close to Zhang Jiuling and Wang Wei. He was famous for his poems. Afterward, he traveled around Wu and Yue, and exhausted the landscape to get rid of the disappointment of his career. Because of the indulgence in feasting and drinking, he suffered from food and drink and died. Meng Haoran's poems are mostly short poems in five lines, and the subject matter is not broad, mostly written about landscape and idylls, seclusion, traveling, etc. Although not without cynicism, Meng Haoran's poems are not without a lot of meaning. Although not without cynicism, but more belong to the poet's self-expression. He and Wang Wei, whose poetry is not as broad as Wang's, but has unique attainments in art, and is the precursor of the Sheng Tang school of landscape poetry, following Tao Yuanming, Xie Lingyun, and Xie Overlook. Meng's poems are free of ornamentation, light and simple, with a kind and true feeling, rich in the flavor of life, and rich in the fun of superb self-compassion. Meng's poems, such as Autumn Ascent to Wanshan and Send to Zhang Wu, Passing the Old Man's Village, and Spring Dawn, are light and flavorful, all in one, with elegant rhymes and a clear and open mood. Meng's poems are based on an open and tranquil tone, but in the tranquil tone there is a strong and elegant atmosphere, such as "looking at the Dongting Lake to the Prime Minister Zhang", "the gas vaporizes Yunmengze, the wave shakes the Yueyang City", a line, energetic and healthy, looking down on everything. But this kind of poem is not common in Meng poetry. In general, the content of Meng's poems is thin, not inevitably embarrassed by the length. The current Meng Haoran Collection contains 263 poems, but there are others.
"The old man invited me to his farmhouse with his chickens and millet. I was invited to the field house. The green trees were close to the village, and the green hills were slanting beyond the Guo. The old man invited me to his home, where I could enjoy a glass of wine and talk about the mulberry tree. When it comes to the day of the sun, I will come back to the chrysanthemum." The green trees, the green hills, the village houses, the green hills, the green hills. Green trees, green hills, village houses, field and garden, mulberry and hemp are harmoniously blended together, which is a beautiful and tranquil idyllic landscape painting, here there is a fresh earthy flavor; here there is a strong sense of life. Here is "so light that one cannot see the poem" (Wen Yiduo's "Meng Haoran"), but there is no lack of quiet artistic beauty and even more simple beauty of life that is y integrated into the flesh and blood of the whole poem. Meng Haoran seems to have found a sense of conversion here. The poet finally forgets all the setbacks in his political pursuits, his fame and fortune, and even the lonely and depressing emotions of his seclusion are completely thrown away. Thoughts finally stretch, and even the poet's initiatives are flexible, nature shows its conquering power here.
Spring sleep does not realize the dawn, everywhere heard the crowing birds. The night comes with the sound of wind and rain, and the flowers fall." These four lines of the poem is Meng Haoran's artistic and spiritual realm have reached the realization of the work. "The sound of wind and rain at night, how much do you know about the fall of flowers?" Wang Guowei commented that Li Yu's words were "just like the meaning of Sakyamuni Christ's burden of human sins", and Meng Haoran's two lines also contain a great depth of feeling. "His feelings and the feelings of all things have a ****ing", there is a deep sympathy for the universe and life. This poem expresses the highest metaphysical mind and the greatest style. It is the most natural poetry, the music of heaven. Meng Haoran is happy, he put his life from the realm of utility to the realm of heaven and earth, from me to no I, although this period of time he suffered a lot of sweet and bitter, but finally the bitter and sweet
Bland:Bland is different from mediocre and tasteless, is a deep feeling and rich ideas in simple language, rich in flavors, so that often said bland and thoughtful. As Wang Anshi said: the most strange and seemingly ordinary, into as easy but hard.
Tao Yuanming is the first one to be bland, and there are not many people who can write poems to be bland. Li Yu's words are definitely not bland, but on the contrary, they have a strong power to inspire.
Chen Zi'ang: (661-702), the word Bo Yu, Zizhou Shehong (now Sichuan) . He was a member of a powerful family and was known for his chivalry. Later, he entered Chang'an and traveled to the Imperial College. At the beginning of the civilization, he was awarded a bachelor's degree and was appointed as the head of Lin Tai. He returned from an expedition to the Western Regions to Zhangye. Later, he was transferred to the right pickpocket. He also accompanied the army in the eastern expedition against Khitan, and participated in military affairs. After returning to the capital, still for the right gleaner. Counseling much disagreement, because of the dismissal of the official to return to his hometown. He was falsely accused by the county magistrate, imprisoned, and persecuted to death. The poem for the restoration of the Han Wei style bones
Responders: caustic - Xiu Cai second level 1-5 20:36
Watch Yue
Du Fu
Dai Zongfu how, Qilu green not yet.
Creation and culture are the gods, and yin and yang cut the dawn and dusk.
Swinging his chest to create clouds, and his eye to the returning birds.
It is a great honor to be at the top of the world and to see the mountains in all their splendor.
Bodhisattva Barbara By Wei Zhuang
Translated Text
Translation
Original Text
Original Text
Anyone who has been to the south of the Yangtze River says that the scenery of the south of the Yangtze River is infinitely beautiful, and those who have traveled far away from home would like to grow old together with the south of the Yangtze River. In spring, the river water is clearer than in spring, and you can lie down in a painting boat and listen to the sound of the rain and fall asleep.
Everyone says Jiangnan is good, tourists only Jiangnan old. The spring water is blue in the sky, the painting like listening to the rain sleep.
The girl who sells wine by the fireside is like a bright moon, and her white wrists are like frosted snow. The young man should not go back to his hometown when he is not old; if he does, it will surely break your heart.
The shop side is like the moon, the white wrists are full of frost and snow. I'm not going back to my hometown before I'm old, but I'm going back to my hometown and I'm going to break my heart.
Drinking from the lake after the first sunny day
Author: Su Shi
The water is glistening and clear, and the rain is also strange.
I would like to compare the West Lake with Xizi, and the light make-up and thick colors are always suitable.
You first give me the points and your QQ, if you give me the points, I will give you all the idyllic landscape poems!
Me and some are competing for a watering job, 2 days later, whoever has a high score can be a supervisor in a company, I need the score very much now, help me ！！！！！ Please!!!
Respondent: liuweihao - Assistant Grade 2 1-5 20:55
Wang Wei, Meng Haoran is of course recognized. Also Xie Ling Yun should be counted.
Respondent: xinjuan - child Grade 1 1-5 21:01
Chapter 2: Poetry of Sui and Early Tang Dynasty
Section 1: Literature of Sui Dynasty
After the unification of Sui, the writers basically consisted of two parts, the south and the north, the main writers of the south are Jiang General, Xu Shanxin, Yu Shiji, Wang Hao, Yu Zi Zhi and so on, and the main writers of the north are Lu Sidao, The main writers of the North were Lu Sidao, Yang Su, Xue Daoheng, and so on. Each of the northern and southern literati entered Sui with a different style formed in their regional cultures, and gradually formed a merging stream. In the process of merging, they gradually developed in the direction of the Southern Dynasty, which emphasized rhetoric and form. The most accomplished writers were Lu Sidao, Yang Su and Xue Daoheng.
Section II: Poetry of the Early Tang Dynasty
I. Understanding the Court Poets of the Early Tang Dynasty.
Second, mastering the "Four Heroes of the Early Tang Dynasty" and other poets
Some writers of the Early Tang Dynasty whose life experiences were different from those of the court poets showed different creative characteristics in their poems. These poets are represented by Wang Ji and the Four Masters of the Early Tang Dynasty.
1. Wang Jie
Wang Jie was a recluse at the time of the Sui and Tang dynasties. His poetry was unique in the world of poetry where court poetry was all the rage. He was also a pioneer of the Sheng Tang school of landscape and idyllic poetry. His poems such as "Passing by a Wine Shop", "Gift to Cheng Chu Tu", and "Wild Hope" have already possessed the style of Tang poems,
2. Focus on mastering the "Four Heroes of the Early Tang Dynasty"
The creative activities of the Four Heroes of the Early Tang Dynasty took place in the period of Emperor Gaozong and Empress Wu, and represented the ideological tendency and creative spirit of the literati of the lower class. Their hearts were full of ideals and grandiose sentiments of helping the world and building a career, as well as the indignation of the underclass literati who had no ambition. Their main contributions to the evolution and development of Tang poetry:
(1) They were dissatisfied with the prevalent style of court poetry at that time, and criticized it as "a competition between the delicate and the sculptural", and "all the bones are exhausted, and the firmness and robustness are unheard of" (Yang Jiong's "Preface to the Collected Poems of Wang Bo"), and endeavored to create fresh and robust poems. He tried to break through and change the style of court poetry, which was weak, delicate and ornate, with his fresh and robust poetic creation.
(2) Their poetic creation also broke through the narrow scope of content and subject matter of court poetry and went to a broader world of society and life.
(3) Their poetic creations not only played a role in revolutionizing the poetic style of the early Tang Dynasty, but also made useful exploration and contribution to the development of pentameter and heptameter.
3. At the end of the early Tang Dynasty, Zhang Ruoxu established his position as one of the great poets in the history of Tang Dynasty poetry with his poem "Moonlit Night of Spring River Flowers". At the same time, Liu Xiyi's seven-character song line "Generation of Sorrow for the White-Headed Weng" also became a masterpiece transmitted through the ages.
Section III: Chen Zi'ang
I. Mastering Chen Zi'ang's Poetry Theory
Chen Zi'ang elaborated his poetry theory in the Preface to Xiuzhu Chapters. On the one hand, he criticized the poetic creations since Qi and Liang, "the colorful and beautiful competition, but the Xingmai are extinct", denied the tendency of formalism. On the other hand, he advocated "the style and bones of Han and Wei" and "the sound of the beginning", and claimed that poetic creation should have "the bone and spirit of the end of the Xiang, the tone of the feelings of the staccato, the light of the Ying Lang practice, the sound of gold and stone", and that there should be a "style and elegance" and a "style and elegance". The spirit of "elegance" and the connotation of "Xingmai", i.e., poetry should reflect the reality, have profound ideological content and a bright and robust artistic style. Chen Zi'ang's theory of poetry is an innovation under the banner of retro.
Second, mastering Chen Zi'ang's poetry
Chen Zi'ang's poetry is the practice of his innovation. His representative works, such as Thirty-eight Songs of Feelings, Songs of Ascending the Youzhou Terrace, and Ancient Journey to Jichu, reflect the true feelings of real life and profound experience of life situations, and have rich ideological content. Artistically, in contrast to the weak and florid poetic style since Qi and Liang, he inherited the realism of the Poetry Scriptures, the "bones of the Han and Wei dynasties", and the "sound of the beginning of the realism of the spirit of creativity and artistic techniques. His poetic language is simple and concise, and his style is robust and majestic, consciously abandoning and correcting the poetic style since Qi and Liang, and indeed has the legacy of Jian'an and Zhengshi. In terms of expressive techniques, he made good use of the metaphor, and practiced his idea of "Xing Xing". Chen Zi'ang's theoretical ideas and creative practice completely abandoned the habit of florid and colorful, and opened up the right path for the development of Tang poetry.
[Readings]
Xue Daohang: "Thinking of Returning Home on the Day of Man"; Wang Jie: "The Wild Hope"; Wang Bo: *"Sending Du Shaofu to Shu Chuan", *"Preface to Tengwang Pavilion"; Lu Zhaolin: "The Ancient Idea of Chang'an"; Luo Binwang: *"Singing the Cicadas in Prison", "Passing the Diatribe to the Whole World in Lieu of Li Jingye"; Yang Jiong: "The Journey of the Army"; Zhang Ruohu: *"The Night of the Moon and the Flowers on the Spring River"; Chen Zi'ang: "Poems of Feeling and Encounter"; Chen Zi'ang: "Poems of Feeling and Encounter". (Spring and Summer in Lanruo Sheng, Cloudy Twilight in Dinghai),* Song of Ascending to Youzhou Terrace.
Chapter 3: The Sheng Tang Landscape and Rustic Poetry School and the Border Poetry School
Section 1: The Landscape and Rustic Poetry School
1. During the Sheng Tang period, society was stable, the country was powerful, and the society prospered in all aspects: politically, economically, and culturally. The material life of the literati was abundant, which provided conditions for roaming and traveling, and enjoying the landscape. Buddhism and Taoism were popular in society, and the Taoist pursuit of nature and return to simplicity and the Buddhist realm of Zen Buddhism provided a cultural and aesthetic psychological foundation for poetry. The literati's sense of seclusion is also closely related to the formation of landscape and idyllic poetry, but it is not for the sake of seclusion, but rather, it is a kind of cultural mentality of yearning for nature, pursuing transcendental independence, and the aesthetic interest of revering nature. In addition, the creation of idyllic poems and landscape poems since the Jin and Song dynasties has undoubtedly provided artistic reference.
2. The school of landscape and idyllic poetry was represented by Meng Haoran and Wang Wei, in addition to Chu Guangxi, Chang Jian, Zu Yong, Pei Di, and Qi Bu Qian. They inherited the creation tradition of idyllic and landscape poems of Tao Yuanming, Xie Lingyun, Xie Wu and others since the Jin and Song dynasties, and formed a school of poetry with the ****same subject matter and similar artistic style. Their poems depicted natural landscapes and idyllic scenes, expressed the interest of returning to simplicity and truth, and expressed the leisure of secluded life. Their poetic style is fresh and natural, their mood is light and leisurely, and their writing is skillful and evocative, which improves the artistic skill of expressing natural scenery in poetry, and it is a wonderful flower in the Tang Poetry Art Garden.
2. Wang Wei
1. Wang Wei was a representative writer of the Sheng Tang school of landscape and idyllic poems, and he had various literary and artistic talents, and was proficient in painting, calligraphy, and music. In his early years, Wang Wei aspired to achieve success and fame, and wrote many poems in a majestic style and in an open realm, full of boldness, in which most of the poems on the border and chivalrous subjects, such as "The Young Man's Journey", "The Journey of the Army", "The Journey of the Elderly Generals", "The Song of Longtou", and "The Journey of the Emperor to the Seaside", etc. But in the history of Tang Dynasty poetry, he was one of the most famous writers. However, in the history of Tang Dynasty poetry, it is the landscape and idyllic poems that have established its position and most marked its poetic artistic achievement. The main content of his poems is to reflect the idyllic life and describe the natural landscape. For example, "Weichuan Tianjia", "Mountain Dwelling Autumn Night", "Zhongnan Mountain", "Birdsong Stream", "Deer Chai", "Zhulikan", "Xinyiwu" and so on, either write about the quiet and relaxing life of the idyllic garden, or write about the secluded beauty of the natural scenery.
2. The artistic characteristics of Wang Wei's landscape and idyllic poems:
(1) Wang Wei's landscape and idyllic poems are a high degree of unity of poetic feeling and picturesque meaning. Su Shi once commented, "Taste the poetry of Mochizuki, and there is a painting in the poem; see the painting of Mochizuki, and there is a poem in the painting." ("Dongpo Zhilin") He was good at discovering and capturing the image characteristics and state of natural scenery, composing and choosing colors with the painter's painting skills, and integrating the poet's unique emotional experience of nature and aesthetic feeling and spiritual realm/into the scenery, creating an elegant and beautiful artistic realm.
(2) Wang Wei's landscape and idyllic poems, some of which are in the profound, silent, and ethereal artistic realm, directly penetrated into the Zen Buddhist philosophy of illumination, is the artistic embodiment of Zen, Zen interest in the poetic realm.
(3) Wang Wei's landscape and idyllic poems have both the natural artistic realm of Tao Yuanming's poems and the meticulous and exquisite writing of Xie Lingyun's poems. The language is fresh and clear, clean and condensed, a perfect combination of simplicity and elegance. It is a perfect combination of simplicity, plainness and elegance. Moreover, the language has strong artistic expression.
Second, Meng Haoran
1. Meng Haoran is the representative writer of the Shengtang landscape and idyllic poetry school with Wang Wei, and he is the first poet in the Tang Dynasty who wrote a lot of landscape and idyllic poems. His poems are mostly landscape poems, either written about the landscape scenery he saw during his travels, or about the natural scenery of his hometown. Often, he expressed his feelings of loneliness mixed with disillusionment, and he incorporated the feelings of travel and nostalgia into his self-indulgence in the scenery. For example, he wrote "Staying at Jiande River", "Giving a Gift to Prime Minister Zhang at Dongting Lake", and "Thinking of Returning on the River", etc. He mainly wrote idyllic poems about his hometown. His idyllic poems are mainly about the elegance and idleness of seclusion. For example, he wrote "Passing by the Old Man's Village" and "Traveling to Jing Si Guan to Return to the King's White Clouds in the Back".
2. The artistic characteristics of Meng Haoran's landscape and idyllic poems:
(1) Meng Haoran's landscape and idyllic poems are mostly in the style of calmness and simplicity, freshness and naturalness, without ornamentation, but also beyond the ordinary. Shen Deqian commented, "Meng's poems are superior to others in that they have no intention of seeking to work, but they are clear and beyond the ordinary, which is surprising." （Wen Yiduo said, "It is Meng Haoran's poetry that is so light that he can no longer see it." (Tang Poetry Miscellany) His idyllic poems are written in a plain and natural way, simple and pure, rich in the flavor of life, such as "Passing the Old Man's Manor", in which the simple life of the peasant family and the natural scenery of the countryside, in the light ink and pen, are all expressed in a very natural and friendly way, which is y influenced by the poetic style of Tao Yuanming. However, Meng Haoran's landscape poems are also written in a majestic weather, the realm of the broad, such as the "Dongting Lake to the Prime Minister Zhang".
(2) Meng Haoran's poems are light in language but strong in flavor, as Shen Deqian commented, "Xiangyang's poems are obtained from quiet realization, so the language is light but the flavor is not thin." （His poems are good at using plain language, incorporating personal subjective feelings and emotional connotations, creating a clear and distant artistic realm, and containing a strong poetic sentiment and flavor.
[Readings]
Meng Haoran: "Gift to Prime Minister Zhang at Dongting Lake", "Passing the Old Man's Village", "Spring Dawn". Wang Wei: "Weichuan Tianjia", "Mountain Dwelling in Autumn", "Zhongnan Mountain", "Watching the Hunting", "Envoy to the Seaside", "Birdsong Stream", "Deer Chai", "Jurikan", and "Sending Yuan Er to Envoy to Anxi".
Section II: Border Poetry School
I. The emergence of the Border Poetry School and its characteristics
1. During the Tang Dynasty, the country was strong, and the territory was vast, and there was close interaction between the mainland and the border ethnic groups in the political, military, economic, and cultural aspects. Border affairs increased and wars were frequent. Sheng Tang literati are keen on fame, eager to show their talents and aspirations. From the army to the border for the country's success has become a new way out of the literati to seek fame, and they also aspire to the novelty of the frontier life, the border scenery. The poems about war and military service in the previous generation, the poems about conscripts and women, as well as the poems about the borders in the Wei, Jin, and North and South Dynasties period, all provided creative references for the rise of the Tang Dynasty's poetry about the borders.
2. The representative writers of the Border Plug Poetry School of the Sheng Tang Dynasty were Gao Shi and Cen Sen, and there were also many other writers, such as Wang Changling, Li Chip, Wang Zhilu, Cui Hao, Wang Han and so on. The content of the border poetry is mainly: reflecting the hardship of the border war life and the experience of military life, as well as the parting feelings of the conscripts and the women; expressing the ambition of making achievements for the country and the dissatisfaction with the reality; describing the scenery of the border and the exotic customs. Artistic characteristics of border poetry: the style of the poem is majestic, generous and sad, and the realm is broad and magnificent. The masterpieces of Border Poetry are mostly songs and poems in five or seven lines. In terms of the development of themes and the creation of moods,
2. Gao Shi
1. Gao Shi's poems were the most accomplished in terms of the creation of border-plugging poems. His poems mainly express his thoughts on the experience of military life in the border areas and his pursuit of the ideal of success in the border areas. His masterpiece "Yan Ge Xing" (The Journey of Swallow Songs) is the first of its kind in the world.
2. Gao Shi was good at seven lines of songs and five lines of poems, his style was majestic and sad, ancient and simple, Yin Fan said, "His poems were full of chest words, and he had a strong sense of humor, so the court and the countryside appreciated his writings." (River Yue Ying Ling Collection) (He Yue Ying Ling Jie). His songs and poems were inspired by the poetry of the literati and the Han and Wei dynasties, and also influenced by the poetry of the modern style, which was smooth and elegant, and emphasized on rhymes and couplets.
Three, Cen Sen
1. Cen Sen's Border Poems are not only numerous, but also rich in content.
2. Cen Sen's poems are lively and unrestrained in style, and he has a magnificent and elegant style. According to Yin Fan, "his language is strange, his body is harsh, and his meaning is strange" (He Yue Ying Ling Jie). When comparing the poetic styles of Gao and Cen, Wang Shizhen said, "Gao is sad and strong, while Cen is strange and elegant." (The Poetry of Masters and Friends) （Cen Sen's poetry is rich in romanticism because of its peculiar artistic imagery, brilliant colors, and expressive techniques of picaresque and hyperbole. Cen Sen's poems are excellent in all genres, and he is especially good at writing seven-character songs and lines.
[Works to read]
Meng Haoran: "Gift to Prime Minister Zhang at the Dongting Lake", *"Passing by the Old Man's Village", *"Spring Dawn"; Wang Wei: "Weichuan Tianjia", *"All Night in the Mountain Dwelling in Autumn", "The Final South Mountain", "Watching the Hunting", *"Enabling to Go to the Seaside", *"Bird-song Stream", "Deer Chai", "Zhulilitian", *"Sending Yuanji to Envoy to the West".
Gao Shi: Yan Ge Xing, Feng Qiu Xian; Cen Sen: *White Snow Song Sending the Judge Wu Back to the Capital, Walking on the Horse River in Honor of Sending Dr. Feng on a Western Expedition, and Meeting the Envoy to the Capital; Wang Zhilu: *The Ascent to the House of Crane and Bird, *Ryaozhou Lyrics; Li Chip: Ancient Marching from the Army; Wang Chang Ling: Marching from the Army (I and II), *Out of the Plug, and The Girlfriend's Complaint.
Chapter 4 Li Bai
Section I. The Life and Thought of Li Bai
I.
Section 2: Ideological Content of Li Bai's Poetry
Master the ideological content of Li Bai's poetry:
I. Express the personal ideal ambition and desire to build up a successful career, as well as the disillusionment and indignation that the ideals and aspirations are difficult to realize. Such as "Liang Fu Yin", "Ancient Winds" (the tenth) and so on.
Secondly, he cares about the reality of politics, worries about the current situation and criticizes the darkness of reality, as well as loves the people and cares about the hardship of the people.
Three, passionate eulogy of nature, to send their feelings. Li Bai's life is a good travel close to nature, so the number of poems written to remember the tour is more. Such as "send Meng Haoran of Guangling", "look at Mount Lu waterfalls", "look at Tianmen Mountain", "early hair Baidicheng", etc., are reflected in the poet's aesthetic interest in nature and emotional support.
Section III: The Artistic Achievements of Li Bai's Poetry
Focus on the artistic achievements of Li Bai's poetry:
I. Li Bai's poetic style is majestic and ethereal, and the rate of nature is true. Mainly, but there are also multi-dimensional presentation. He inherited the romanticism of Zhuang and Sao upwards, and creatively utilized it with his personal artistic genius